Pace counter isolation for cardiac resynchronization pacing

• US 7,680,535 B2
• Filed: 10/30/2006
• Issued: 03/16/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 12/26/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Wentkowski, Rene H., Stahmann, Jeffrey E., Kalgren, James, Kramer, Andrew P.
• Primary Examiner(s): SCHAETZLE, KENNEDY
• Application Number:
  US11/589,608
• Publication Number:
  US 20070043396A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,233 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 607/9
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3627 for treating a mechanical deficiency of the heart, e.g. congestive heart failure or cardiomyopathy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36507 controlled by gradient or slope of the heart potential
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3684 for stimulating the heart at multiple sites of the ventricle or the atrium
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36842 Multi-site stimulation in the same chamber
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36843 Bi-ventricular stimulation

Abstract

A system and method recording sensing and pacing events in a cardiac rhythm management device. The method may be particularly useful in assessment of pacing parameters for ventricular resynchronization therapy.

Claims

1. A method for operating a cardiac rhythm management device, comprising:

delivering pacing pulses to a heart chamber upon occurrence of one of at least a first event and a second event;

counting the number of pacing pulses delivered by reason of the first event occurring;

counting the number of pacing pulses delivered by reason of the second event occurring; and

computing the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was delivered by reason of the first event occurring and the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was delivered by reason of the second event occurring.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first and second events are expiration of different escape intervals.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first event is an expiration of an escape interval and the second event is a triggering event.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the heart chamber to which pacing pulses are delivered is a ventricle, the first event is expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace, and the second event is expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a ventricular sense or pace.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

delivering pacing pulses to both ventricles, wherein the pacing pulses to each ventricle are separated by a specified offset interval;

counting the number of pacing pulses delivered to each ventricle by reason of the first event occurring; and

,

counting the number of pacing pulses delivered to each ventricle by reason of the second event occurring.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the first event is expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace and the second event is expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a right ventricular sense or pace.

7. The method of claim 6 further comprising counting the number of right ventricular senses.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the heart chamber to which paces are delivered is the left ventricle, the first event is expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace and the second event is expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a right ventricular sense or pace.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the heart chamber to which paces are delivered is the left ventricle, the first event is expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace and the second event is a right ventricular sense that triggers a left ventricular pace.

10. A cardiac rhythm management device, comprising:

a pacing channel for delivering pacing pulses to a heart chamber;

a controller for controlling the delivery of paces to the heart chamber in accordance with a programmed pacing mode, wherein a pace is delivered upon occurrence of one of at least a first event and a second event;

wherein the controller is programmed to count the number of pacing pulses delivered by reason of the first event occurring;

wherein the controller is programmed to count the number of pacing pulses delivered by reason of the second event occurring; and

,

wherein the controller is programmed to compute the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was delivered by reason of the first event occurring and the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was delivered by reason of the second event occurring.

11. The device of claim 10 wherein the first and second events are expiration of different escape intervals.

12. The device of claim 10 wherein the first event is an expiration of an escape interval and the second event is a triggering event.

13. The device of claim 10 further comprising:

an atrial pacing and sensing channel;

a ventricular pacing and sensing channel; and

,

wherein the first event is expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace, and the second event is expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a ventricular sense or pace.

14. The device of claim 10 further comprising:

pacing channels for delivering pacing pulses to both ventricles;

wherein the controller is programmed to deliver pacing pulses to each ventricle are separated by a specified offset interval;

wherein the controller is programmed to count the number of pacing pulses delivered to each ventricle by reason of the first event occurring; and

,

wherein the controller is programmed to count the number of pacing pulses delivered to each ventricle by reason of the second event occurring.

15. The device of claim 14 wherein the first event is expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace and the second event is expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a right ventricular sense or pace.

16. The device of claim 15 wherein the controller is programmed to count the number of right ventricular senses.

17. The device of claim 10 further comprising:

a pacing channel for delivering pacing pulses to the left ventricle;

a sensing channel for sensing the right ventricle;

an atrial pacing and sensing channel;

wherein the controller is programmed to deliver pacing pulses to the left ventricle upon occurrence of one of at least a first event and a second event; and

,

wherein the first event is expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace and the second event is expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a right ventricular sense or pace.

18. The device of claim 10 further comprising:

a pacing channel for delivering pacing pulses to the left ventricle;

a sensing channel for sensing the right ventricle;

an atrial pacing and sensing channel;

wherein the controller is programmed to deliver pacing pulses to the left ventricle upon occurrence of one of at least a first event and a second event; and

,

wherein the first event is expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace and the second event is a right ventricular sense that triggers a left ventricular pace.

19. A cardiac rhythm management device, comprising:

a channel interface associated with a heart chamber;

a controller circuit configured to control generation of a pacing pulse to be provided via the channel interface to the heart chamber in accordance with a programmed pacing mode;

wherein the controller circuit is configured to provide the pacing pulse in response to an event of either a first event type or a different second event type;

wherein the controller circuit is configured to count the number of respective pacing pulses provided by reason of respective occurrences of the first event type;

wherein the controller circuit is configured to count the number of pacing pulses provided by reason of respective occurrences of the second event type; and

wherein the controller circuit is configured to compute a percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was provided by reason of the first event type occurring and the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was provided by reason of the second event type occurring.

20. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 19, wherein the respective first and second event types respectively correspond to expiration of two different respective escape intervals.

21. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 19, wherein the first event type corresponds to an expiration of an escape interval and the second event type corresponds to a triggered pacing event.

22. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 19, wherein the controller circuit includes respective counter circuits associated with the respective first and second event types.

23. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 19, wherein the first event type corresponds to an expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace;

and

wherein the second event type corresponds to an expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a ventricular sense or pace.

24. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 23, wherein the second event type corresponds to an expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a right ventricular sense or pace.

25. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 19, wherein the controller circuit is configured to count the number of pacing pulses delivered to each ventricle respectively by reason of the first event type occurring;

and

wherein the controller circuit is configured to count the number of pacing pulses delivered to each ventricle respectively by reason of the second event type occurring.

26. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 25, wherein the first event type corresponds to an expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace;

and

wherein the second event type corresponds to an expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a right ventricular sense or pace.

27. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 26, wherein the controller circuit is configured to count the number of right ventricular senses.

28. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 19, wherein the first event type corresponds to an expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace;

and

wherein the second event type corresponds to a right ventricular sense that triggers a left ventricular pace.

29. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 19, wherein the respective first and second event types correspond to two different respective cardiac events triggered according to the programmed pacing mode.

30. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 29, wherein the first event type corresponds to a pacing pulse provided after an atrial sense or pace;

wherein the second event type corresponds to a pacing pulse provided after a ventricular sense or pace; and

wherein the controller circuit is configured to separately count the number of respective first and second event types.

31. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 19, further comprising a lead coupled to the channel interface and configured to at least one of(1) deliver the pacing pulse to the heart chamber or (2) receive a sense signal from the heart chamber.

32. A memory circuit within a cardiac rhythm management device, the memory having instructions for operating the cardiac rhythm management device, the instructions when performed by a processor within the cardiac rhythm management device causing the cardiac rhythm management device to:

receive an indication from a channel interface of an occurrence of either a first event type or a different second event type;

control providing a pacing pulse to be delivered to a heart chamber via the channel interface in accordance with a programmed pacing mode, wherein the pacing pulse is provided in response to an event of either the first event type or the different second event type;

count the number of respective pacing pulses provided by reason of respective occurrences of the first event type;

count the number of respective pacing pulses provided by reason of respective occurrences of the second event type; and

compute the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was provided by reason of the first event type occurring and the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was provided by reason of the second event type occurring.

33. The memory circuit of claim 32, wherein the respective first and second event types respectively correspond to expiration of two different respective escape intervals.

34. The memory circuit of claim 32, wherein the first event type corresponds to an expiration of an escape interval and the second event type corresponds to a triggered pacing event.

35. The memory circuit of claim 32, wherein the first event type corresponds to an expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace;

and

wherein the second event type corresponds to an expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a ventricular sense or pace.

36. The memory circuit of claim 32, wherein the second event type corresponds to an expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a right ventricular sense or pace.

37. The memory circuit of claim 32, wherein the instructions causing the cardiac rhythm management device to count the number of pacing pulses provided by reason of the first and second event types occurring include causing the cardiac rhythm management device to:

count the number of pacing pulses delivered to each ventricle respectively by reason of respective occurrences of the first event type; and

count the number of pacing pulses delivered to each ventricle respectively by reason of respective occurrences of the second event type.

38. The memory circuit of claim 37, wherein the first event type corresponds to an expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace;

and

wherein the second event type corresponds to an expiration of a ventricular escape interval started by a right ventricular sense or pace.

39. The memory circuit of claim 38, comprising instructions causing the cardiac rhythm management device to count the number of right ventricular senses.

40. The memory circuit of claim 32, wherein the first event type corresponds to expiration of an atrio-ventricular escape interval started by an atrial sense or pace;

and

wherein the second event type corresponds to a right ventricular sense that triggers a left ventricular pace.

41. The memory circuit of claim 32, wherein the respective first and second event types correspond to two different respective cardiac events triggered according to the programmed pacing mode.

42. The memory circuit of claim 41, wherein the first event type corresponds to a pacing pulse provided after an atrial sense or pace;

wherein the second event type corresponds to a pacing pulse provided after a ventricular sense or pace; and

wherein the instructions causing the cardiac rhythm management device to count the number of pacing pulses provided by reason of the first and second event types occurring include causing the cardiac rhythm management device to separately count the number of respective first and second event types.

43. A cardiac rhythm management device, comprising:

a first channel interface associated with a first heart chamber;

a first sense amplifier circuit coupled to the first channel interface, the first sense amplifier configured to provide a first sense signal indicating an occurrence of either a first event type or a different second event type;

a first pulse generator circuit coupled to the first channel interface, the first pulse generator configured to provide a pacing pulse in accordance with a programmed pacing mode;

a second channel interface associated with a second heart chamber;

a second sense amplifier circuit coupled to the second channel interface, the second sense amplifier configured to provide a second sense signal indicating an occurrence of either the first event type or the different second event type;

a second pulse generator circuit coupled to the second channel interface, the second pulse generator configured to provide a pacing pulse in accordance with the programmed pacing mode;

a controller circuit in bi-directional communication with each of the channel interfaces,

wherein the controller circuit receives the first and second sense signals from the respective sense amplifiers via the channel interfaces and, in response, controls generating the pacing pulse by the appropriate pulse generator in accordance with the programmed pacing mode;

wherein the controller circuit is configured to count the number of pacing pulses provided by reason of the first event type occurring;

wherein the controller circuit is configured to count the number of pacing pulses provided by reason of the second event type occurring; and

wherein the controller circuit is configured to compute the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was provided by reason of the first event type occurring and the percentage of cardiac cycles in which a pacing pulse was provided by reason of the second event type occurring.

44. The cardiac rhythm management device of claim 43, further comprising a lead coupled to at least one of the first or second channel interfaces and configured to at least one of (1) deliver the pacing pulse to the heart chamber or (2) receive a sense signal from the heart chamber.