Automated precision alignment of data in a utility monitoring system

• US 7,684,441 B2
• Filed: 07/01/2005
• Issued: 03/23/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/01/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Square D Company (Schneider Electric SE)
• Original Assignee: Square D Company (Schneider Electric SE)
• Inventors: Curtis, Larry E., Bickel, Jon A., Carter, Ronald W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Harper; Kevin C
• Assistant Examiner(s): CHAN, SAI MING
• Application Number:
  US11/174,099
• Publication Number:
  US 20070014313A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,726 Days
• Field of Search: 370/503, 702/62, 702/64, 702/71
• US Class Current: 370/503
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00002 characterised by monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00016 using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/30 State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

Abstract

A data alignment algorithm that automatically aligns data from multiple monitoring devices to the same zero-crossings at the same point in time. Cycle-by-cycle frequency data is received from each monitoring device and a cross-correlation algorithm is performed to determine a correlation coefficient between a reference monitoring device and another monitoring device. The data of the other monitoring device is shifted by one cycle and another correlation coefficient is calculated by the cross-correlation algorithm. The data of the two monitoring devices is aligned at the point at which the maximum correlation coefficient is calculated or the point at which the correlation coefficient exceeds a threshold value. The clocks of the monitoring devices can also be synchronized at the same point of alignment.

Claims

1. A method of aligning data measured by monitoring devices coupled to a power monitoring system, comprising:

receiving, at a controller remote from said monitoring devices, reference signal data from a reference monitoring device, said reference signal data representing at least frequency variations in current or voltage from an electric grid measured by said reference monitoring device for a predetermined number of cycles of said current or voltage sensed by said reference monitoring device, said reference monitoring device storing a reference count associated with each of said cycles of current or voltage sensed by said reference monitoring device;

receiving, at said controller, second signal data from at least a second monitoring device, said second signal data representing at least said frequency variations in current or voltage from said electric grid measured by said second monitoring device for a predetermined number of cycles of said current or voltage sensed by said second monitoring device, said second monitoring device storing a second count associated with each of said number of cycles of current or voltage sensed by said second monitoring device; and

automatically aligning said reference signal data with said second signal data to a common reference point in said respective current or voltage sensed by said reference monitoring device and said second monitoring device by;

computing a plurality of correlation coefficients each produced by a cross-correlation algorithm based on at least part of said reference signal data and at least part of said second signal data until one of said correlation coefficients produced by said cross-correlation algorithm satisfies a criterion; and

responsive to said one of said correlation coefficients satisfying said criterion, associating said reference count associated with said common reference point with said second count associated with said common reference point.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said criterion is whether said one of said correlation coefficients corresponds to a maximum correlation coefficient produced by said cross-correlation algorithm and wherein said common reference point corresponds to a zero crossing.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said cross-correlation algorithm is a circular cross-correlation algorithm, a linear cross-correlation algorithm, or a pattern-matching algorithm.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising communicating an instruction to said reference monitoring device to buffer said reference signal data for said predetermined number of cycles and communicating an instruction to said second monitoring device to buffer said second signal data for said predetermined number of cycles.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

providing reference time data;

receiving first time data from said reference monitoring device; and

responsive to said automatically aligning, synchronizing said first time data with said reference time data such that said common reference point occurs at the same time in said first time data and in said reference time data.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving first time data from said reference monitoring device;

receiving second time data from said second monitoring device;

responsive to said automatically aligning, synchronizing said first time data with said second time data such that said common reference point occurs at the same time in said first time data and said second time data.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

responsive to said automatically aligning, sampling data at the zero-crossing of a reference channel associated with said reference monitoring device;

determining via said computer whether the values of said sampled data are zero, negative, or positive;

automatically assigning, via said computer, phase notations based on said determining; and

displaying information via said computer representing said phase notations to the user.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising alerting said user when at least one of said phase notations is misidentified on a phase conductor.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein said reference monitoring device and said second monitoring device are meters.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein said frequency variations represented by said first signal data are variations in fundamental frequency or variations in harmonic frequency, wherein said variations are associated with a voltage or a current.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein said first signal data represents at least amplitude variations and said second signal data represents at least amplitude variations.

12. A computer readable medium encoded with instructions for directing a controller to perform the method of claim 1.

13. A method of automatically aligning data in a power monitoring system, comprising:

receiving, at a controller, from a first of at least two monitoring devices first signal data corresponding to signal data stored by said first monitoring device, said first signal data representing frequency or amplitude variations in current or voltage from an electric grid measured by said first monitoring device, said first monitoring device storing a first count associated with each of a plurality of cycles of said current or voltage, said controller being remote from said at least two monitoring devices;

receiving, at said controller, from a second of said at least two monitoring devices second signal data corresponding to signal data stored by said second monitoring device, said second signal data representing frequency or amplitude variations in current or voltage from said electric grid measured by said second monitoring device, said second monitoring device storing a second count associated with each of a plurality of cycles of said current or voltage measured by said second monitoring device; and

aligning said first signal data with said second signal data to a common reference point in said respective current or voltage sensed by said first and second monitoring devices by shifting in increments said second signal data relative to said first signal data until a maximum cross-correlation coefficient is computed by a cross-correlation function that calculates a cross-correlation coefficient at each of said increments and associating said first count associated with said maximum cross-correlation coefficient with said second count associated with said maximum cross-correlation coefficient.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising communicating an instruction to said at least two monitoring devices of said power monitoring system to store said first signal data and said second signal data, respectively, for a predetermined period of time.

15. The method claim 13, further comprising communicating an instruction to said at least two monitoring devices to mark their respective cycle counts.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein said first signal data and said second signal data further represent phase variations.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein said common reference point is a zero crossing.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein said at least two monitoring devices are power meters.

19. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

responsive to said aligning, synchronizing a first clock in said first monitoring device with a second clock in said second monitoring device such that at said common reference point said first clock and said second clock are temporally aligned.

20. The method of claim 13, further comprising

providing a reference clock;

and

responsive to said aligning, resetting a clock in said first monitoring device or said second monitoring device to said reference clock.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein said reference clock is provided via the Internet or a GPS receiver.

22. The method of claim 13, wherein said aligning is carried out responsive to an event detected by said power monitoring system.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein said event is at least one event selected from the group consisting of a change in the characteristics of the voltage or current, a change in the characteristics of the load, a reset of a monitoring device, and a power loss.

24. A power monitoring system for aligning data, comprising:

a system controller;

a first monitoring device having a communications interface coupled to said system controller, a memory, and a controller; and

a second monitoring device having a communications interface coupled to said system controller, a memory, and a controller, wherein said system controller is remote from said first and second monitoring devices,

wherein said system controller is programmed to

communicate an instruction to said first monitoring device and said second monitoring device via their respective communications interfaces to store in their respective memories data representing one or both of frequency variations and amplitude variations in respective current or voltage sensed by said first and second monitoring devices from an electric grid on a cycle-by-cycle basis for a predetermined number of cycles of said respective current or voltage sensed by said first and second monitoring devices, wherein a first count associated with each of said cycles is stored in said memory of said first monitoring device and a second count associated with each of said cycles is stored in said memory of said second monitoring device,

receive from said first monitoring device first data corresponding to said data stored by said first monitoring device in its memory,

receive from said second monitoring device second data corresponding to said data stored by said second monitoring device in its memory, and

align said first data with said second data to a common reference point in said respective current or voltage sensed by said first and second monitoring devices by shifting in cycle increments said second data relative to said first data until a maximum cross-correlation coefficient is computed by a cross-correlation function that computes a cross-correlation coefficient at each of said cycle increments and associating said first count associated with said maximum cross-correlation coefficient with said second count associated with said maximum cross-correlation coefficient, and

wherein said controller of said first monitoring device is programmed to

receive said instruction via said communication interface of said first monitoring device,

store said first data in said memory of said first monitoring device for said predetermined number of cycles, and

communicate said first data to said system controller via said communication interface.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein said first monitoring and second monitoring devices are meters.