Insulated glass unit with sealant composition having reduced permeability to gas

• US 7,687,121 B2
• Filed: 01/20/2006
• Issued: 03/30/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 01/20/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Momentive Performance Materials Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Momentive Performance Materials Incorporated
• Inventors: Nesakumar, Edward J., Ramakrishnan, Indumothi, Kumar, Vikram, Williams, David A., Landon, Shayne J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chevalier; Alicia
• Assistant Examiner(s): MOORE, WALTER A
• Application Number:
  US11/336,950
• Publication Number:
  US 20080020154A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,530 Days
• Field of Search: 428/34, 428/429, 428/447
• US Class Current: 428/34
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C03C 27/10 with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2383/04 Polysiloxanes
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 5/005 Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/346 Clay
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 3/1018 Macromolecular compounds having one or more carbon-to-silicon linkages
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31612 As silicone, silane or siloxane
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31663 As siloxane, silicone or silane

Abstract

The invention relates to a high thermal efficiency, insulated glass unit structure sealed with a cured composition containing, inter alia, diorganopolysiloxane(s) and inorganic-organic nanocomposite(s), the cured composition exhibiting low permeability to gas(es).

Claims

1. An insulated glass unit comprising at least two spaced-apart sheets of glass in spaced relationship to each other, a low thermal conductivity insulating gas or mixture of gases there between and a gas sealant element including a cured sealant composition resulting from the curing of a curable sealant composition, said cured sealant having an argon permeability coefficient of less than about 900 barrers, comprising:

a) at least one silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane;

b) at least one crosslinker for the silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane(s) which is an alkylsilicate having the formula;

(R¹⁴O)(R¹⁵O)(R¹⁶O)(R¹⁷O)Si

where R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶ and R¹⁷ are chosen independently from monovalent C₁ to C₆₀ hydrocarbon radicals;

c) at least one catalyst for the crosslinking reaction;

d) a gas barrier enhancing amount of at least one inorganic-organic nanocomposite wherein the inorganic-organic nanocomposite comprises at least one inorganic component which is a layered inorganic nanoparticulate and at least one organic component which is a quaternary ammonium organopolysiloxane having the formula;

M_aD_bD′

_c

wherein “

a”

is 2, and “

b”

is equal to or greater than 1 and “

c”

is positive;

M is

[R³_zNR⁴]_3-x-yR¹_xR²_ySiO_1/2

wherein “

x”

is 0, 1 or 2 and “

y”

is either 0 or 1, subject to the limitation that x+y is less than or equal to 2, “

z”

is 2, R¹ and R² each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbons;

R³ is selected from the group consisting of H and a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbons;

R⁴ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbons;

D is

R⁵R⁶SiO_1/2

where R⁵ and R⁶ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms; and

D′

is

R⁷R⁸SiO_2/2

where R⁷ and R⁸ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group containing amine with the general formula;

[R⁹_aNR¹⁰]

wherein “

a”

is 2, R⁹ is selected from the group consisting of H and a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbons;

R¹⁰ is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbons; and

,

e) at least one solid polymer having a permeability to gas that is less than the permeability of the crosslinked diorganopolysiloxane(s).

2. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane (a) has the general formula:

M_aD_bD′

_c

wherein “

a”

is 2, and “

b”

is equal to or greater than 1 and “

c”

is zero or positive;

M is

(HO)_3-x-yR¹_xR²_ySiO_1/2

wherein “

x”

is 0, 1 or 2 and “

y”

is either 0 or 1, subject to the limitation that x+y is less than or is equal to 2, R¹ and R² each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms;

D is

R³R⁴SiO_1/2;

wherein R³ and R⁴ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms; and

D′

is

R⁵R⁶SiO_2/2

wherein R⁵ and R⁶ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms.

3. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein catalyst (c) is a tin catalyst.

4. The insulated glass unit of claim 3 wherein the tin catalyst is selected from the group consisting of dibutyltindilaurate, dibutyltindiacetate, dibutyltindimethoxide, tinoctoate, isobutyltintriceroate, dibutyltinoxide, dibutyltin bis-diisooctylphthalate, bis-tripropoxysilyl dioctyltin, dibutyltin bis-acetylacetone, silylated dibutyltin dioxide, carbomethoxyphenyl tin tris-uberate, isobutyltin triceroate, dimethyltin dibutyrate, dimethyltin di-neodecanoate, triethyltin tartarate, dibutyltin dibenzoate, tin oleate, tin naphthenate, butyltintri-2-ethylhexylhexoate, tinbutyrate, diorganotin bis β

-diketonates and mixtures thereof.

5. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the inorganic-organic nanocomposite (d) is obtained by contacting the layered inorganic nanoparticulate possessing exchangeable cation which is at least one member selected from the group of Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Mg²⁺, and mixtures thereof, with the quaternary ammonium organopolysiloxane.

6. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the layered nanoparticulate is at least one member selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, sodium montmorillonite, calcium montmorillonite, magnesium montmorillonite, nontronite, beidellite, volkonskoite, laponite, hectorite, saponite, sauconite, magadite, kenyaite, sobockite, svindordite, stevensite, vermiculite, halloysite, aluminate oxides, hydrotalcite, illite, rectorite, tarosovite, ledikite, kaolinite and, mixtures thereof.

7. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein solid polymer (e) is selected from the group consisting of low density polyethylene, very low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene napthalate, glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, thermoplastic polyurethane, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl, fluoride, polyamides, polymethylpentene, polyimide, polyetherimide, polether ether ketone, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, ethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, plasticized polyvinyl chloride, ionomers, polyphenylene sulfide, styrene-maleic anhydride, modified polyphenylene oxide, ethylene-propylene rubber, polybutadiene, polychloroprene, polyisoprene, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene-styrene, styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene, polymethylphenyl siloxane and mixtures thereof.

8. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 including a cured sealant composition further comprising at least one optional component selected from the group consisting of adhesion promoter, surfactant, filler other than inorganic-organic nanocomposite, catalyst, colorant, pigment, plasticizer, antioxidant, UV stabilizer, and biocide.

9. The insulated glass unit of claim 8 wherein the adhesion promoter is selected from the group consisting of n-2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 1,3,5-tris(trimethoxysilylpropyl)isocyanurate, γ

-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ

-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, bis-γ

-trimethoxysilypropyl)amine, N-Phenyl-γ

-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, triaminofunctionaltrimethoxysilane, γ

-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ

-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, methylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ

-glycidoxypropylethyldimethoxysilane, γ

-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ

-glycidoxyethyltrimethoxysilane, β

-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)propyltrimethoxysilane, β

-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethylmethyldimethoxysilane, isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, isocyanatopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, β

-cyanoethyltrimethoxysilane, γ

-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ

-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 4-amino-3,3,-dimethylbutyltrimethoxysilane, n-ethyl-3-trimethoxysilyl-2-methylpropanamine, and mixtures thereof.

10. The insulated glass unit of claim 8 wherein the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, ethoxylated castor oil, oleic acid ethoxylate, alkylphenol ethoxylates, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and copolymers of silicones and polyethers, copolymers of silicones and copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and mixtures thereof.

11. The insulated glass unit of claim 10 wherein the non-ionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, copolymers of silicones and polyethers, copolymers of silicones and copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and mixtures thereof.

12. The insulated glass unit of claim 8 wherein the filler other than the inorganic-organic nanocomposite is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate, colloidal calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate treated with compounds stearate or stearic acid, fumed silica, precipitated silica, silica gels, hydrophobized silicas, hydrophilic silica gels, crushed quartz, ground quartz, alumina, aluminum hydroxide, titanium hydroxide, clay, kaolin, bentonite montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth, iron oxide, carbon black and graphite, mica, talc, and mixtures thereof.

13. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein:

silanol-terminated diorganopolysiloxane (a) has the general formula;

M_aD_bD′

_c

wherein “

a”

is 2, and “

b”

is equal to or greater than 1 and “

c”

is zero or positive;

M is

(HO)_3-x-yR¹_xR²_ySiO_1/2

wherein “

x”

is 0, 1 or 2 and “

y”

is either 0 or 1, subject to the limitation that x+y is less than or is equal to 2, R¹ and R² each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms;

D is

R³R⁴SiO_1/2;

wherein R³ and R⁴ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms; and

D′

is

R⁵R⁶SiO_2/2

wherein R⁵ and R⁶ each independently is a monovalent hydrocarbon group up to 60 carbon atoms;

catalyst (c) is a tin catalyst; and

,

layered inorganic nanoparticulate portion of inorganic-organic nanocomposite (d) is selected from the group consisting of montmorillonite, sodium montmorillonite, calcium montmorillonite, magnesium montmorillonite, nontronite, beidellite, volkonskoite, laponite, hectorite, saponite, sauconite, magadite, kenyaite, sobockite, svindordite, stevensite, vermiculite, halloysite, aluminate oxides, hydrotalcite, illite, rectorite, tarosovite, ledikite, kaolinite and, mixtures thereof.

14. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the insulating gas is selected from the group consisting of air, carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, nitrogen, argon, krypton, xenon, and mixtures thereof.

15. The insulated glass unit of claim 1 wherein the solid polymer (e) is blended in combinations or in the form of coplymers selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate-ABS blends, polycarbonate polyester blends, grafted polymers, silane grafted polyethylenes, and silane grafted polyurethanes.