Method for determining types of precipitation in the atmosphere
First Claim
1. A method for determining types of precipitation in the atmosphere, including the steps of:
- transmitting output signals, wherein said output signals have a transmitting frequency spectrum;
detecting reflection signals formed by scattering of said output signals at precipitation particles at least two altitude levels, wherein said reflection signals have a reflection frequency spectrum;
analyzing characteristics of said reflection signals, wherein during such analyzing step, a characteristic shape or course of a function curve of a difference frequency spectrum formed from said transmitting frequency spectrum and said reflection frequency spectrum is analyzed, resolved by altitude levels, taking into consideration at least one parameter that is determined based on a maximum value of a receive power and on a value for a difference frequency at maximum intensity of said difference frequency spectrum, a width of said difference frequency spectrum, a quotient formed from a maximum value and a width of the difference frequency spectrum, and a difference frequency between a maximum value and a value in the center of said difference frequency spectrum; and
executing a precipitation classification of precipitation present in the atmosphere based on said characteristic shape or course of the function curve of the difference frequency spectrum formed from said transmitting frequency spectrum and said reflection frequency spectrum, resolved by altitude levels.
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Abstract
A method for determination of precipitation types in the atmosphere is described, wherein an output signal, in particular a radar signal, having a transmitting frequency spectrum is transmitted, reflection signals formed by reflection of the output signals at precipitation particles at at least two atmospheric levels and having a reflection spectrum are detected, and wherein finally the characteristics of the reflection signals are analyzed.
The method according to the invention is characterized in that on analyzing characteristics of the reflection signals a course of a difference frequency spectrum formed by transmission frequency and reflection frequency spectrum is analyzed resolved by altitude levels.
18 Citations
17 Claims
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1. A method for determining types of precipitation in the atmosphere, including the steps of:
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transmitting output signals, wherein said output signals have a transmitting frequency spectrum; detecting reflection signals formed by scattering of said output signals at precipitation particles at least two altitude levels, wherein said reflection signals have a reflection frequency spectrum; analyzing characteristics of said reflection signals, wherein during such analyzing step, a characteristic shape or course of a function curve of a difference frequency spectrum formed from said transmitting frequency spectrum and said reflection frequency spectrum is analyzed, resolved by altitude levels, taking into consideration at least one parameter that is determined based on a maximum value of a receive power and on a value for a difference frequency at maximum intensity of said difference frequency spectrum, a width of said difference frequency spectrum, a quotient formed from a maximum value and a width of the difference frequency spectrum, and a difference frequency between a maximum value and a value in the center of said difference frequency spectrum; and executing a precipitation classification of precipitation present in the atmosphere based on said characteristic shape or course of the function curve of the difference frequency spectrum formed from said transmitting frequency spectrum and said reflection frequency spectrum, resolved by altitude levels. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. An apparatus for determining types of precipitation in the atmosphere, comprising:
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at least one transmitting unit for transmitting output signals having a transmitting frequency spectrum; at least one receiving unit for receiving reflection signals formed by scattering of said output signals at precipitation particles in the atmosphere and having a reflection frequency spectrum, wherein said transmitting unit and said receiving unit are combined into a combination transmitting-receiving element such that a beam path covered by said output signal and said input signal is nearly identical; and an analyzing unit for analyzing characteristics of said reflection signals taking into consideration a characteristic shape of a function curve of a difference frequency spectrum formed from said transmitting frequency spectrum and said reflection frequency spectrum, resolved by altitude levels, taking into consideration at least one parameter that is determined based on a maximum value of a receive power and on a value for a difference frequency at maximum intensity of said difference frequency spectrum, a width of said difference frequency spectrum, a quotient formed from a maximum value and a width of the difference frequency spectrum, and a difference frequency between a maximum value and a value in the center of said difference frequency spectrum, wherein said analyzing unit is further configured to execute a precipitation classification based on said characteristic shape of the function curve of the difference frequency spectrum formed from said transmitting frequency spectrum and said reflection frequency spectrum, resolved by altitude levels. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17)
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Specification