Multilevel and space-filling ground-planes for miniature and multiband antennas
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A handheld wireless device comprising:
- an antenna element; and
a ground plane comprising;
a first conducting surface and a second conducting surface, each of the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface having a plurality of sides defined by at least one edge; and
a conducting strip, the conducting strip connecting the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface and allowing current to flow between the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface;
wherein the conducting strip is narrower than a width of the first conducting surface and a width of the second conducting surface;
wherein the conducting strip is shaped as a curve comprising a plurality of connected segments;
wherein each segment of the plurality of connected segments is shorter than a tenth of an operating free-space wavelength of the antenna element; and
wherein the plurality of connected segments are spatially arranged so that no two adjacent and connected segments form a longer straight segment.
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Abstract
An antenna system includes one or more conductive elements acting as radiating elements, and a multilevel or space-filling ground-plane, wherein said ground-plane has a particular geometry which affects the operating characteristics of the antenna. The return loss, bandwidth, gain, radiation efficiency, and frequency performance can be controlled through multilevel and space-filling ground-plane design. Also, said ground-plane can be reduced compared to those of antennas with solid ground-planes.
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Citations
51 Claims
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1. A handheld wireless device comprising:
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an antenna element; and a ground plane comprising; a first conducting surface and a second conducting surface, each of the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface having a plurality of sides defined by at least one edge; and a conducting strip, the conducting strip connecting the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface and allowing current to flow between the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface; wherein the conducting strip is narrower than a width of the first conducting surface and a width of the second conducting surface; wherein the conducting strip is shaped as a curve comprising a plurality of connected segments; wherein each segment of the plurality of connected segments is shorter than a tenth of an operating free-space wavelength of the antenna element; and wherein the plurality of connected segments are spatially arranged so that no two adjacent and connected segments form a longer straight segment. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A handheld wireless device comprising:
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an antenna element; and a ground plane comprising; a first conducting surface and a second conducting surfaces, each of the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface having a plurality of sides defined by at least one edge; and a conducting strip, the conducting strip connecting the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface and allowing current to flow between the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface; wherein the conducting strip is narrower than a width of the first conducting surface and a width of the second conducting surface; wherein at least one of the first conducting surface, the second conducting surface, and the conducting strip defines a first structure; wherein the first structure comprises a plurality of conducting polygons, each of the plurality of conducting polygons having the same number of sides; wherein the plurality of conducting polygons are electromagnetically coupled via either capacitive coupling or ohmic contact; wherein a contact region between directly connected conducting polygons of the plurality of conducting polygons is narrower than half of a perimeter of the directly connected conducting polygons in at least seventy-five percent of the conducting polygons of the first structure; wherein the antenna element is shaped as a second structure comprising; a plurality of conducting polygons, the plurality of conducting polygons each having the same number of sides; wherein the plurality of conducting polygons of the second structure are electromagnetically coupled via either capacitive coupling or ohmic contact; wherein a contact region between directly connected conducting polygons of the plurality of conducting polygons of the second structure is narrower than half of the perimeter of the directly connected conducting polygons in at least seventy-five percent of the plurality conducting polygons of the second structure; and wherein the conducting strip is shaped as at least one of a zigzag curve and a meandering curve. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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39. A handheld wireless device comprising:
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an antenna element; and a ground plane comprising; a first conducting surface, a second conducting surface, and a third conducting surface; wherein each of the first conducting surface, the second conducting surface, and the third conducting surface has a plurality of sides defined by at least one edge; a first conducting strip, the first conducting strip connecting the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface and allowing current to flow between the first conducting surface and the second conducting surface; and a second conducting strip, the second conducting strip connecting the second conducting surface and the third conducting surface and allowing current to flow between the second conducting surface and the third conducting surface;
wherein the first conducting strip has a first width, the first width being narrower than a width of the first conducting surface and a width of the second conducting surface;wherein the second conducting strip has a second width, the second width being narrower than the width of the second conducting surface and a width of the third conducting surface; wherein the antenna element is shaped as a first structure;
the first structure comprising;a plurality of conducting polygons, the plurality of conducting polygons each have the same number of sides; wherein the polygons are electromagnetically coupled via capacitive coupling or ohmic contact; and wherein a contact region between directly connected conducting polygons of the plurality of conducting polygons is narrower than half of the perimeter of the directly connected conducting polygons in at least seventy-five percent of the plurality of conducting polygons of the first structure. - View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51)
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Specification