Determining the distance an object has moved using an accelerometer

• US 7,688,307 B1
• Filed: 01/24/2006
• Issued: 03/30/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 01/24/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: IXYS Intl Limited (Littelfuse Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: ZiLOG Incorporated (Littelfuse Incorporated)
• Inventors: Tsyrganovich, Anatoliy V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Mengistu; Amare
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bolotin; Dmitriy
• Application Number:
  US11/339,233
• Time in Patent Office: 1,526 Days
• Field of Search: 345157-163, 345/179
• US Class Current: 345/158
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0346 with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/03543 Mice or pucks G06F3/03541 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0383 Signal control means within the pointing device

Abstract

An accelerometer-based mouse is one example of a device that determines the distance an object moves. The mouse disables a cursor from moving across a computer screen during movements of the mouse that occur while the mouse is lifted from a working surface. A mouse control unit generates a cursor movement disable signal that stops the cursor from moving from the time the mouse is lifted until the mouse is set down. The mouse control unit generates the disable signal by determining the derivative of an acceleration signal for the vertical (z) dimension relative to the working surface. The mouse includes a microcontroller programmed to disengage cursor movement when the cursor movement disable signal is asserted. The mouse does not include a ball and rollers whose performance can degrade as they become dirty. The mouse can detect movement even when the mouse slides over a surface that has no pattern.

Claims

1. A device comprising:

an accelerometer that generates an acceleration signal having a magnitude;

an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), wherein the ADC converts the acceleration signal into a digitized acceleration signal; and

an object control unit that calculates a distance moved, wherein the object control unit receives the digitized acceleration signal, wherein the object control unit determines a first derivative of the digitized acceleration signal, wherein the first derivative is used to indicate a time period of an upward or downward movement of the device, and wherein the object control unit uses the first derivative of the digitized acceleration signal to start the calculation of the distance moved when the magnitude of the digitized acceleration signal is above a threshold.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the object control unit generates a position signal indicating the position of the device.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the object control unit generates an alarm signal when the distance moved as calculated by the object control unit exceeds a threshold.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein an object control unit calculates the distance moved in three dimensions.

5. A device comprising:

an accelerometer that generates an x-acceleration signal and a z-acceleration signal, wherein the z-acceleration signal has a magnitude;

an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), wherein the ADC converts the x-acceleration signal into a digitized x-acceleration signal and converts the z-acceleration signal into a digitized z-acceleration signal; and

a control unit that calculates a magnitude of an x-distance, wherein the control unit receives the digitized x-acceleration signal and the digitized z-acceleration signal, wherein the control unit determines a first derivative of the digitized z-acceleration signal and uses the first derivative to indicate a time period during which the accelerometer moves in a z-dimension, and wherein the control unit uses the first derivative of the digitized z-acceleration signal to stop the magnitude of the x-distance from changing without stopping the accelerometer from generating the x-acceleration signal when the magnitude of the z-acceleration signal is above a threshold.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the accelerometer comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion generates the x-acceleration signal and a y-acceleration signal, and wherein the second portion generates the z-acceleration signal.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein the first portion is arranged in a substantially horizontal plane, and wherein the second portion is arranged in a substantially vertical plane.

8. The device of claim 5, wherein the control unit comprises a cursor location unit and a derivative generator.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein the derivative generator outputs and the cursor location unit receives a cursor movement disable signal, and wherein the magnitude of the x-distance stops changing when the cursor movement disable signal is asserted.

10. The device of claim 8, wherein the cursor location unit outputs an x-coordinate signal indicative of an x-coordinate of a cursor on a computer screen.

11. The device of claim 5, wherein the x-distance represents a distance that a cursor has moved along an x-axis of a Cartesian plane.

12. The device of claim 5, wherein the accelerometer generates a y-acceleration signal, wherein the ADC converts the y-acceleration signal into a digitized y-acceleration signal, wherein the control unit receives the digitized y-acceleration signal and calculates a magnitude of a y-distance, and wherein the control unit uses the first derivative of the digitized z-acceleration signal to stop the magnitude of the y-distance from changing when the magnitude of the z-acceleration signal is above a threshold.

13. The device of claim 5, wherein the device is part of a computer mouse.

14. The device of claim 5, wherein the device is part of a pen.

15. The device of claim 5, wherein the ADC and the control unit are part of a microcontroller.

26. The device of claim 5, wherein the accelerometer is part of a computer mouse that controls a location of a cursor on a computer screen, and wherein the magnitude of the x-distance is stopped from changing when the computer mouse is lifted to adjust the location of the cursor on the computer screen.

16. A method comprising:

(a) receiving an x-acceleration signal;

(b) receiving a z-acceleration signal;

(c) digitizing the z-acceleration signal to generate a digitized z-acceleration signal;

(d) generating a first derivative of the digitized z-acceleration signal and using the first derivative to indicate a time period of movement in a z-dimension; and

(e) generating a cursor movement disable signal using the first derivative of the digitized z-acceleration signal.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

(f) disabling a cursor from moving.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the x-acceleration signal has a magnitude, wherein the cursor is disabled from moving in (f) over a disabled period, and wherein the disabled period includes a second time period during which the magnitude of the x-acceleration signal is changing.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein (a) through (e) are performed by a microcontroller.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein the z-acceleration signal has a magnitude, and wherein the cursor movement disable signal is asserted when the magnitude of the z-acceleration signal changes.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein the x-acceleration signal is generated by a first portion of an accelerometer, and the z-acceleration signal is generated by a second portion of the accelerometer.

29. The method of claim 16, further comprising:

generating a pseudo square wave using the first derivative, wherein the pseudo square wave includes noise with a highest peak, and wherein the pseudo square wave has a lowest notch whose magnitude is greater than that of the highest peak of the noise.

22. A device comprising:

an accelerometer that generates an x-acceleration signal, a y-acceleration signal and a z-acceleration signal, wherein the x-acceleration signal and the y-acceleration signal are used to scroll a cursor across a screen when the accelerometer moves, and wherein the x-acceleration signal has a magnitude; and

means for disabling the cursor by generating a first derivative of the z-acceleration signal and using the first derivative to indicate a first time period during which the accelerometer moves in a z-dimension, wherein the cursor is disabled from moving across the screen during a disabled period, and wherein the disabled period includes a second time period during which the magnitude of the x-acceleration signal is changing.

23. The device of claim 22, wherein device is an accelerometer-based computer mouse.

24. The device of claim 22, wherein the accelerometer comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion generates the x-acceleration signal and a y-acceleration signal, and wherein the second portion generates a z-acceleration signal.

25. The device of claim 22, wherein the means generates a pseudo square wave using the first derivative of the z-acceleration signal, and wherein the pseudo square wave is indicative of the first time period.

27. A device comprising:

an accelerometer that generates an x-acceleration signal and a z-acceleration signal, wherein the z-acceleration signal has a magnitude;

an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), wherein the ADC converts the x-acceleration signal into a digitized x-acceleration signal and converts the z-acceleration signal into a digitized z-acceleration signal; and

a control unit that calculates a magnitude of an x-distance, wherein the control unit receives the digitized x-acceleration signal and the digitized z-acceleration signal, wherein the control unit determines a first derivative of the digitized z-acceleration signal and uses the first derivative to indicate a time period during which the accelerometer moves in a z-dimension, wherein the control unit uses the first derivative of the digitized z-acceleration signal to stop the magnitude of the x-distance from changing without stopping the accelerometer from generating the x-acceleration signal when the magnitude of the z-acceleration signal is above a threshold, wherein the control unit uses the first derivative to generate a pseudo square wave, wherein the pseudo square wave includes noise with a highest peak, and wherein the pseudo square wave has a lowest notch whose magnitude is greater than that of the highest peak of the noise.

28. The device of claim 27, wherein the control unit generates a second derivative of the digitized z-acceleration signal and adds the second derivative to the first derivative to generate the pseudo square wave.

30. A device comprising:

an accelerometer that generates an x-acceleration signal, a y-acceleration signal and a z-acceleration signal, wherein the x-acceleration signal and the y-acceleration signal are used to scroll a cursor across a screen when the accelerometer moves, and wherein the x-acceleration signal has a magnitude; and

means for disabling the cursor by generating a first derivative of the z-acceleration signal and using the first derivative to indicate a first time period during which the accelerometer moves in a z-dimension, wherein the cursor is disabled from moving across the screen during a disabled period, wherein the disabled period includes a second time period during which the magnitude of the x-acceleration signal is changing, wherein the means generates a second derivative of the z-acceleration signal and adds the second derivative to the first derivative to generate a pseudo square wave, wherein the pseudo square wave includes noise with a highest peak, and wherein the pseudo square wave has a lowest notch whose magnitude is greater than that of the highest peak of the noise.