System and method for passive monitoring of blood pressure and pulse rate

• US 7,691,068 B2
• Filed: 03/26/2004
• Issued: 04/06/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 04/03/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: University of Virginia Patent Foundation (University of Virginia)
• Original Assignee: University of Virginia Patent Foundation (University of Virginia)
• Inventors: Mack, David C., Kell, Steven W., Felder, Robin A., Alwan, Majd
• Primary Examiner(s): Marmor, II; Charles A
• Assistant Examiner(s): Natnithithadha; Navin
• Application Number:
  US10/549,946
• Publication Number:
  US 20060173363A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,202 Days
• Field of Search: 600/481, 600/483, 600/485, 600/486, 600/488, 600/508, 600/513, 600/527, 600/528, 600490-504, 600/561
• US Class Current: 600/500
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/168 Fluid filled sensor housings
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/022 by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/024 Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate A61B5/0205, A61B5/021 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0245 by using sensing means generating electric signals, i.e. ECG signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/113 occurring during breathing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6829 Foot or ankle
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6843 Monitoring or controlling sensor contact pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6887 mounted on external non-worn devices, e.g. non-medical devices

Abstract

System and method that can monitor pulse rate and passively produce a blood pressure measurement and automatically log the data for the user. Additionally, coupling to the Internet or Information Systems expands the options for the early detection of diseases, based on sudden detected changes and trend analyses, and the successful treatment of these patients while reducing the high costs associated with invasive procedures and in-hospital care.

Claims

1. A blood pressure and pulse rate system for deriving the blood pressure and pulse of a subject, said system comprising:

a platform configured to accommodate a foot of the subject;

an interface member configured;

to be presented to the foot of the subject,

to be maintained at a substantially constant pressure, and

to function when in indirect contact with the subject'"'"'s body;

a sensor module in communication with said interface member, said sensor module configured to detect a pulse wave form from the foot of the subject and a pulse rate of the subject when the foot of the subject is presented to the interface member and the interface member is maintained at the substantially constant pressure;

a processor module configured to analyze the pulse wave form and pulse rate signal and to derive a pulse pressure of the subject based on the analysis; and

an output module configured to output at least one of the pulse wave form, pulse rate and pulse pressure.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said processor module is further configured to derive pulse width, a pulse time difference, a double peak difference, and a depth of dicrotic notch for the subject based on the analysis.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said output module comprises at least one of display, alarm, memory storage, communication device, printer, buzzer, PDA, lap top computer, computer, audio and visual alarm, and light.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein said interface member is also configured to function when in direct contact with the subject'"'"'s body.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein said sensor module is indirectly coupled to the interface member.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein said sensor module and processor module are configured for wireless communication.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein said wireless communication comprises at least one of RF link, infrared link, cellular phone link, optical link and electromagnetic link.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein said sensor module and processor module are configured for hard wired communication.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein said hard wired communication comprises at least one of electronic, integrated circuit, electromagnetic, wire, cable, fiber optics, a phone line, twisted pair, and coaxial.

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising an archival storage module.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein said archival storage module is configured to store at least one of longitudinal analysis and pattern recognition.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein said processor module performs at least one of longitudinal analysis and pattern recognition analysis.

13. The system of claim 11, further comprising:

a second processor module, said second processor module configured to analyze the longitudinal analysis, and pattern recognition.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein said interface member is included in at least one of a scale, a bath mat, a shoe, a slipper, and a sandal.

15. The system of claim 1, wherein said sensor module comprises at least one of piezoelectric device, fiber optic device, differential transformer, and pressure determining device providing sufficient resolution to transduce the naturally occurring changes in physiology related to the subject of interest cardiac event.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein said sensor module is indirectly coupled to the subject.

17. The system of claim 1, farther comprising a control module for controlling said sensor module and processor module.

18. The system of claim 1, wherein said sensor module is indirectly coupled to the subject.

19. The system of claim 1, wherein said interface member is included in a scale, and the system is configured to detect the pulse wave form when the subject stands on the scale.

20. The system of claim 1, wherein said interface member is included in at least one of a shoe, a slipper, and a sandal, and the system is configured to detect the pulse wave form when the subject wears the at least one of a shoe, a slipper, and a sandal.

21. A method for deriving the blood pressure and pulse of a subject, said method comprising:

detecting a pulse wave form and pulse rate from a foot of the subject via an interface member, the foot of the subject presented to the interface member;

analyzing, by a processor module, the pulse wave form and pulse rate signal and deriving a pulse pressure of the subject based on the analysis; and

outputting, by an output module, at least one of the pulse wave form, the pulse rate and the pulse pressure,

wherein the interface member is inflated and maintained at a substantially constant pressure and is configured to function when in indirect contact with the subject'"'"'s body.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising deriving a pulse width, a pulse time difference, a double peak difference, and a depth of dicrotic notch for the subject based on the analysis.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein said outputting is provided by an output module.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein said output module comprises at least one of display, alarm, memory storage, communication device, printer, buzzer, PDA, lap top computer, computer, audio or visual alarm, and light.

25. The method of claim 21, further comprising:

storing archival information based on the pulse wave form, the pulse rate and the pulse pressure.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the storing of archival information is provided by an archival storage module that stores at least one of longitudinal analysis and pattern recognition.

27. The method of claim 25, further comprising:

performing at least one of longitudinal analysis and pattern recognition analysis based on the archival information.

28. The method of claim 21, wherein the interface member is also configured to function when in direct contact with the subject'"'"'s body.

29. The method of claim 21, wherein said interface member is included in at least one of a scale, a bath mat, a shoe, a slipper, and a sandal.

30. The method of claim 21, wherein said interface member is included in a scale, and the detecting is performed while the subject stands on the scale.

31. A computer program product comprising computer usable medium having computer logic for enabling at lease one processor in a computer system to derive the blood pressure and pulse of a subject, said computer logic comprising instructions for:

detecting a pulse wave form and pulse rate from a foot of the subject via an interface member, the foot of the subject presented to the interface member;

analyzing the pulse wave form and pulse rate signal and deriving a pulse pressure of the subject based on the analysis; and

outputting at least one of the pulse wave form, the pulse rate and the pulse pressure,

wherein the interface member is inflated and maintained at a substantially constant pressure and is configured to function when in indirect contact with the subject'"'"'s body.

32. The product of claim 31, wherein the interface member is also configured to function when in direct contact with the subject'"'"'s body.

33. The product of claim 31, wherein said interface member is included in at least one of a scale, a bath mat, a shoe, a slipper, and a sandal.

34. The product of claim 31, wherein said interface member is included in a scale, and the system is configured to detect the pulse wave form when the subject stands on the scale.