Nonaqueous liquid electrolyte

• US 7,695,860 B2
• Filed: 03/20/2003
• Issued: 04/13/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 03/22/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Quallion, LLC (EnerSys), Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (University of Wisconsin System)
• Original Assignee: Quallion, LLC (EnerSys)
• Inventors: Wang, Qingzheng, Oh, Bookeun, Tsukamoto, Hisashi, West, Robert C., Amine, Khalil, Vissers, Donald R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Yuan; Dah-Wei D
• Assistant Examiner(s): SCULLY, STEVEN M
• Application Number:
  US10/487,780
• Publication Number:
  US 20040197665A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,581 Days
• Field of Search: 429188-189
• US Class Current: 429/188
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0565 Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0082 Organic polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/18 with solid electrolyte

Abstract

Disclosed is a nonaqueous liquid electrolyte comprising poly(siloxane-g-3 ethylene oxide) and its synthesis. This electrolyte provides significant safety, improved electrochemical stability, improved conductivity, lower impedance, and lower manufacturing costs.

Claims

1. A battery, comprising:

a nonaqueous liquid type polymeric electrolyte that includes at least one ionizable salt and a poly(siloxane-g-ethylene oxide) represented by the formula

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein n is 4 to 12.

3. The battery of claim 1, wherein n is 8.

4. The battery of claim 1, wherein m is 0 to 8.

5. The battery of claim 1, wherein m is 0.

6. The battery of claim 1, wherein n=4 to 12 and m is 0.

7. The battery of claim 1, wherein n is 8 and m is 0.

8. The battery of claim 1, wherein the R₄ includes a poly(ethylene oxide) ether.

9. The battery of claim 8, wherein the poly(ethylene oxide) ether is a methyl ether.

10. The battery of claim 8, wherein the poly(ethylene oxide) includes 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units.

11. The battery of claim 8, wherein the poly(ethylene oxide) includes 3 ethylene oxide units.

12. The battery of claim 1, wherein the dissolved ionizable salt is an alkali metal salt.

13. The battery of claim 12, wherein the alkali metal salt includes a lithium salt.

14. The battery of claim 12, wherein the said salt includes at least one salt selected from the group consisting of:

LiN(SO₂CF₃)₂(LiTFSI), LiClO₄, LiBF₄, LiAsF₆, LiPF₆, LiCF₃SO₃, Li(CF₃SO₂)₂N, LiC(CF₃SO₂)₃, LiN(SO₂C₂F₅)₂, lithium bis(chelato) borate having five to seven membered rings, and lithium alkyl fluorophosphates.

15. The battery of claim 1, wherein a side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is 5:

1 to 50;

1.

16. The battery of claim 1, wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is about 10:

1 to about 35;

1.

17. The battery of claim 1, wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is 12:

1 to 28;

1.

18. The battery of claim 1, wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is about 15:

1 to about 25;

1.

19. The battery of claim 1, wherein the side chain oxygen vs. lithium ratio of the electrolyte is about 15:

1.

20. The battery of claim 1, wherein the ionizable salt includes a quaternary ammonium salt having an anion selected from the group consisting of:

ClO₄⁻

, BF₄⁻

, AsF₆⁻

, FF₆⁻

, CF₃SO₃⁻

, (CF₃SO₂)₂N⁻

, (CF₃SO₂)₃C⁻

, (C₂F₅SO₂)₂N⁻

, PF₃(C₂F₅)₃⁻

, PF₃(CF₃)₃⁻

, and B(C₂O₄)₂⁻

.

21. The battery of claim 1, further comprising:

boron detectable by at least one technique chosen from the following;

mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).