System and method for the control of the transmission rate in packet-based digital communications

• US 7,701,851 B2
• Filed: 11/01/2007
• Issued: 04/20/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/20/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Vidyo Incorporated (Enghouse Systems Limited)
• Original Assignee: Vidyo Incorporated (Enghouse Systems Limited)
• Inventors: Eleftheriadis, Alexandros, Sasson, Roi, Chakareski, Jacob
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham; Chi H
• Assistant Examiner(s): ANDREASEN, DAVID S
• Application Number:
  US11/933,865
• Publication Number:
  US 20080117930A1
• Time in Patent Office: 901 Days
• Field of Search: 370/231, 370/356
• US Class Current: 370/231
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0002 by adapting the transmission rate
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/11 Identifying congestion
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2416 Real-time traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/263 Rate modification at the source after receiving feedback
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/283 in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/613 for the control of the source by the destination control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components specially adapted for selective content distribution H04N21/637
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/752 adapting media to network capabilities
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/50 in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate

Abstract

A transmission bit rate control mechanism for a packet-based communication system in which sender transmission bit rates can vary over time is provided. The transmission bit rate mechanism includes a receiver recording mechanism, which receives transmission time information, computes and records statistical parameters of packets received from a sender; and a receiver processing mechanism, which selectively computes a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicates a new transmission bit rate to the sender.

Claims

1. A transmission bit rate control mechanism for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

and wherein the transmission bit rate mechanism comprises;

a receiver recording mechanism which receives transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computes and records statistical parameters of the received packets; and

a receiver processing mechanism which selectively computes a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicates the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network;

wherein the receiver recording mechanism is configured to record estimates of packet inter-arrival jitter;

and wherein the receiver processing mechanism is configured to selectively compute a new transmission bit rate by;

computing an estimate of the packet inter-arrival jitter over a given time period;

comparing the packet inter-arrival jitter estimate with a threshold; and

if the threshold is exceeded,

communicating to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to a fraction of the current transmission bit rate, the fraction being equal to the ratio of the jitter estimate to the time period.

2. The transmission bit rate mechanism of claim 1, wherein the receiver processing mechanism is further configured to selectively compute a new transmission bit rate, if the threshold is not exceeded, by:

comparing the jitter estimate with a fraction of the threshold;

if the fraction of the threshold is not exceeded, computing an estimate of the average bit rate of received packets using recorded statistical parameters; and

computing a potential new value for the transmission bit rate as the minimum of two quantities that are equal to, or slightly higher than the computed estimate of the average bit rate of received packets and the current transmission bit rate, respectively; and

if the potential new value exceeds the current transmission bit rate and is below the maximum transmission bit rate,

communicating to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to the potential new value.

3. A transmission bit rate control mechanism for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

and wherein the transmission bit rate mechanism comprises;

a receiver recording mechanism which receives transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computes and records statistical parameters of the received packets; and

a receiver processing mechanism which selectively computes a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicates the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network;

wherein the receiver recording mechanism is configured to record estimates of packet inter-arrival jitter;

wherein the estimate of the packet inter arrival jitter recorded at the receiver is computed as a given percentile of a set of recorded inter arrival jitter values.

4. A transmission bit rate control mechanism for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

and wherein the transmission bit rate mechanism comprises;

a receiver recording mechanism which receives transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computes and records statistical parameters of the received packets; and

a receiver processing mechanism which selectively computes a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicates the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network;

and wherein the receiver processing mechanism is configured to;

selectively compute a new transmission bit rate by extrapolating a future arrival bit rate value from the set of estimates of the arrival bit rate; and

if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is higher than a most recent arrival bit rate estimate and higher than the current transmission bit rate,

communicate to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to a given fraction of the current transmission bit rate.

5. The transmission bit rate control mechanism of claim 4, wherein the receiver processing mechanism is further configured to:

if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is not higher than the most recent arrival bit rate estimate or is lower than the current transmission bit rate, and if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is lower than a certain fraction of the current transmission bit rate,

communicate to the sender to use the certain fraction of the current transmission bit rate as its transmission bit rate; and

if the future extrapolated arrival bit rate value is lower than the fraction of the current transmission bit rate,

communicate to the sender to use a transmission bit rate value equal to the minimum of a first fraction of the future extrapolated arrival bit rate value and a second fraction of the current transmission bit rate as its transmission bit rate.

6. The transmission bit rate control mechanism of claim 4, wherein the extrapolation of a future arrival bit rate value from the set of estimates of the arrival bit rate is performed by:

computing a linear model for the recorded arrival bit rate data using the minimum squared error criterion; and

computing the value provided by the model at the desired future time instance.

7. A method for transmission bit rate control for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

the method comprising;

at the receiver,

receiving transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computing and recording statistical parameters of the received packets; and

selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicating the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network;

wherein recording statistical parameters of the received packets comprises recording estimates of packet inter-arrival jitter, and

wherein selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters comprises;

computing an estimate of the packet inter-arrival jitter over a given time period;

comparing the packet inter-arrival jitter estimate with a threshold; and

if the threshold is exceeded, communicating to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to a fraction of the current transmission bit rate, the fraction being equal to the ratio of the jitter estimate to the time period.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters further comprises:

if the threshold is not exceeded,

comparing the jitter estimate with a fraction of the threshold;

if the fraction of the threshold is exceeded,

computing an estimate of the average bit rate of received packets using recorded statistical parameters; and

computing a potential new value for the transmission bit rate as the minimum of two quantities that are equal to, or slightly higher than the computed estimate of the average bit rate of received packets and the current transmission bit rate, respectively; and

if the potential new value exceeds the current transmission bit rate and is below the maximum transmission bit rate, communicating to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to the potential new value.

9. A method for transmission bit rate control for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

the method comprising;

at the receiver,

receiving transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computing and recording statistical parameters of the received packets; and

selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicating the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network;

wherein recording statistical parameters of the received packets comprises recording estimates of packet inter-arrival jitter,

wherein the estimate of the packet inter arrival jitter recorded at the receiver is computed as a given percentile of a set of recorded inter arrival jitter values.

10. A method for transmission bit rate control for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

the method comprising;

at the receiver,

receiving transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computing and recording statistical parameters of the received packets; and

selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicating the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network; and

wherein selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters comprises;

selectively computing a new transmission bit rate by extrapolating a future arrival bit rate value from the set of estimates of the arrival bit rate; and

if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is higher than a most recent arrival bit rate, estimate and higher than the current transmission bit rate,

communicating to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to a given fraction of the current transmission bit rate.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters further comprises:

if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is not higher than the most recent arrival bit rate estimate or is lower than the current transmission bit rate, and if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is lower than a certain fraction of the current transmission bit rate,

communicating to the sender to use the certain fraction of the current transmission bit rate as its transmission bit rate; and

if the future extrapolated arrival bit rate value is lower than the fraction of the current transmission bit rate,

communicating to the sender to use a value equal to the minimum of a first fraction of the future extrapolated arrival bit rate value and a second fraction of the current transmission bit rate as its transmission bit rate.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the extrapolation of a future arrival bit rate value from the set of estimates of the arrival bit rate is performed by:

computing a linear model for the recorded arrival bit rate data using the minimum squared error criterion; and

computing the value provided by the model at the desired future time instance.

13. A computer readable medium for transmission bit rate control for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

the computer-readable medium having a set of instructions operable to direct a processing system to;

at the receiver,

receiving transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computing and recording statistical parameters of the received packets; and

selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicating the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network;

wherein recording statistical parameters of the received packets comprises recording estimates of packet inter-arrival jitter, and

wherein selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters comprises;

computing an estimate of the packet inter-arrival jitter over a given time period;

comparing the packet inter-arrival jitter estimate with a threshold; and

if the threshold is exceeded, communicating to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to a fraction of the current transmission bit rate, the fraction being equal to the ratio of the jitter estimate to the time period.

14. The computer readable medium of claim 13, wherein selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters further comprises:

if the threshold is not exceeded,

comparing the jitter estimate with a fraction of the threshold;

if the fraction of the threshold is not exceeded,

computing an estimate of the average bit rate of received packets using recorded statistical parameters; and

computing a potential new value for the transmission bit rate as the minimum of two quantities that are equal to, or slightly higher than the computed estimate of the average bit rate and the current transmission bit rate, respectively; and

if the potential new value exceeds the current transmission bit rate and is below the maximum transmission bit rate, communicating to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to the potential new value.

15. A computer readable medium for transmission bit rate control for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

the computer-readable medium having a set of instructions operable to direct a processing system to;

at the receiver,

receiving transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computing and recording statistical parameters of the received packets; and

selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicating the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network;

wherein recording statistical parameters of the received packets comprises recording estimates of packet inter-arrival jitter,

wherein the estimate of the packet inter arrival jitter recorded at the receiver is computed as a given percentile of a set of recorded inter-arrival jitter values.

16. A computer readable medium for transmission bit rate control for a packet-based communication system, wherein the communication system comprises:

a sender that transmits packet data at a certain transmission bit rate that can vary over time and is set not to exceed a given maximum transmission bit rate;

a receiver that receives transmitted packet data from the sender; and

a packet-based communication network that provides a communication path between the sender and the receiver;

the computer-readable medium having a set of instructions operable to direct a processing system to;

at the receiver,

receiving transmission time information included in the transmitted packets by the sender, and computing and recording statistical parameters of the received packets; and

selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters, and communicating the new transmission bit rate to the sender over the communication network;

wherein selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters comprises;

selectively computing a new transmission bit rate by extrapolating a future arrival bit rate value from the set of estimates of the arrival bit rate; and

if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is higher than a most recent arrival bit rate estimate and higher than the current transmission bit rate,

communicating to the sender that its transmission bit rate should be set to a given fraction of the current transmission bit rate.

17. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein selectively computing a new transmission bit rate using the recorded statistical parameters further comprises:

if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is not higher than the most recent arrival bit rate estimate or is lower than the current transmission bit rate, and if the extrapolated future arrival bit rate value is lower than a certain fraction of the current transmission bit rate,

communicating to the sender to use the certain fraction of the current transmission bit rate as its transmission bit rate; and

if the future extrapolated arrival bit rate value is lower than the fraction of the current transmission bit rate,

communicating to the sender to use a value equal to the minimum of a first fraction of the future extrapolated arrival bit rate value and a second fraction of the current transmission bit rate as its transmission bit rate.

18. The computer readable medium of claim 16, wherein the extrapolation of a future arrival bit rate value from the set of estimates of the arrival bit rate is performed by:

computing a linear model for the recorded arrival bit rate data using the minimum squared error criterion; and

computing the value provided by the model at the desired future time instance.