Method, system, apparatus, and computer program product for communications relay

• US 7,706,745 B2
• Filed: 12/05/2005
• Issued: 04/27/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 12/03/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Sensus Spectrum, LLC (Xylem, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: M&FC Holding, LLC
• Inventors: Reed, Marc L., Sanderford, H. Britton Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Duc
• Assistant Examiner(s): Rego; Dominic E
• Application Number:
  US11/293,313
• Publication Number:
  US 20060165044A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,604 Days
• Field of Search: 455/11.1, 455/13.1, 455/16, 455/12.1, 455/13.2, 455/427, 455/98, 370/226, 370/243, 370/246, 370/274, 370/279, 370/293, 370/315, 370/316, 370/492, 370/501
• US Class Current: 455/11.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/155 Ground-based stations H04B7/204 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/15557 Selecting relay station operation mode, e.g. between amplify and forward mode, decode and forward mode or FDD - and TDD mode
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/08 based on transmission power
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/22 using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point

Abstract

A method, system, apparatus, and computer program product for relaying packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower. The method includes transmitting a message from the ORD. The message is recognizable by a transceiver device as a message to be repeated. The message is stored in the transceiver device which also measures a received signal quality of the message, and relays the message after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality.

Claims

1. A method for relaying packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower or other relay device, comprising:

receiving a message from the ORD, said message recognizable by a transceiver device as a message to be repeated;

storing the message in said transceiver device;

measuring, by said transceiver device, a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message from said transceiver device after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality;

monitoring at said transceiver device, during said time interval and prior to the relaying, for an acknowledgement from said communications tower or from another transceiver device, said acknowledgement indicating that the message was received by said communications tower or said another transceiver device; and

deleting said message from a queue upon receipt of said acknowledgement during said time interval.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

relaying said received signal quality or another parameter from said transceiver device;

determining a preferred return path from said communications tower or said another transceiver device to the ORD.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said signal quality comprises at least one of:

signal strength,

signal to noise ratio (SNR),

receiver quieting,

bit error rate (BER),

packet success rate, and

modulation “

eye”

.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said transceiver device comprises a first and second mode of operation, said first and second modes of operation being one of a mode set by an operator upon installation, a mode set or changed via a wireless command, and a mode autonomously selected as a result of loss of communication with the tower or other relay device.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said first mode of operation comprises periodically or randomly sending sensor data directly to the tower or other relay, and said second mode of operation comprises periodically or randomly sending the sensor data to the tower or other relay via another device.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said first and second modes differ in at least one of frequency, modulation, and/or message format.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the second mode includes GMSK modulation.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein

said step of relaying said message from said transceiver device after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality comprises:

monitoring for an acknowledgement from another device; and

terminating said step of relaying without transmission if said acknowledgement is detected.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of relaying said message from said transceiver device after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality comprises:

setting a signal to noise threshold such that below the signal to noise threshold the acknowledgement is not sent.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of relaying said message from said transceiver device after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality comprises:

synchronizing with a Network Controller.

11. A relay device configured to relay packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower or other relay device, comprising:

a receiver configured to receive a message recognizable as a message to be repeated;

a queue configured to store the message;

a measurement device configured to measure a received signal quality of the message;

a timer configured to delay a relay of said message for a time interval determined by a formula based on received signal quality; and

a transmitter configured to transmit said message, said formula based on received signal quality comprising one of

an inverse weighting function,

a parabolic weighting function,

a non-linear curve weighting function, and

a weighting function that favors transceivers that are not immediately next to the ORD such to improve the likelihood that a repeated message is sufficiently distant from the ORD to have a unique path to the tower or collector.

12. The relay device of claim 11, further comprising:

a monitor configured to monitor, during said time interval, for an acknowledgement from said communications tower or from another transceiver device, said acknowledgement indicating that the message was received by said communications tower or said another transceiver device.

13. The relay device of claim 11, wherein said signal quality comprises at least one of:

signal strength,

signal to noise ratio (SNR),

receiver quieting,

bit error rate (BER),

packet success rate, and

modulation “

eye”

.

14. The relay device of claim 11, further comprising:

a first and second mode of operation, said first and second modes of operation being one of a mode set by an operator upon installation, a mode set or changed via a wireless command, and a mode autonomously selected as a result of loss of communication with the tower or other relay device.

15. The relay device of claim 14, wherein said first mode of operation comprises periodically or randomly sending sensor data directly to the tower or other relay, and said second mode of operation comprises periodically or randomly sending the sensor data to the tower or other relay via another device.

16. The relay device of claim 15, wherein said first and second modes differ in at least one of frequency, modulation, and/or message format.

17. The relay device of claim 16, wherein the second mode includes GMSK modulation.

18. The relay device of claim 11, further comprising:

a queue configured to queue said message between 0 and 120 seconds with the actual time delay being inversely proportional to a received SNR plus a pseudo-random dither time.

19. The relay device of claim 18, wherein said pseudo-random dither time is 0-3 seconds.

20. The relay device of claim 11, comprising:

a monitor configured to monitor for an acknowledgement from another device; and

a control device configured to terminate operations without transmission if said acknowledgement is detected.

21. The relay device of claim 11, comprising:

a threshold setting device configured to set a signal to noise threshold such that below the signal to noise threshold the acknowledgement is not sent.

22. The relay device of claim 11, comprising

a monitor configured to monitor via carrier sense multiple access communications for at least one of a communication and a corresponding received signal strength from another device;

and

a controller configured to cause said transmitter to transmit said acknowledgement if said received signal strength is below a predetermined threshold, and if said received signal strength is below a predetermined threshold for more then a predetermined time, to transmit the acknowledgement.

23. The relay device of claim 11, wherein said step of relaying said message after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality comprises:

synchronizing with a Network Controller.

24. A method for relaying packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower or other relay device, comprising:

receiving a message from the ORD, said message recognizable by a transceiver device as a message to be repeated;

storing the message in said transceiver device;

measuring, by said transceiver device, a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message from said transceiver device after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality; and

said relaying said message further comprises queuing said message between 0 and 120 seconds with the actual time delay being inversely proportional to a received SNR plus a pseudo-random dither time.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein said pseudo-random dither time is 0-3 seconds.

26. A method for relaying packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower or other relay device, comprising:

receiving a message from the ORD, said message recognizable by a transceiver device as a message to be repeated;

storing the message in said transceiver device;

measuring, by said transceiver device, a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message from said transceiver device after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality; and

said relaying said message further comprises

communicating via carrier sense multiple access,

monitoring for at least one of a communication and a corresponding received signal strength from another device,

transmitting said acknowledgement if said received signal strength is below a predetermined threshold, and

if said received signal strength is below a predetermined threshold for more then a predetermined time, transmitting the acknowledgement.

27. A method for relaying packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower or other relay device, comprising:

receiving a message from the ORD, said message to be repeated;

storing the message;

measuring a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message after delaying for a time interval weighted as a function of said received signal quality;

monitoring at said transceiver device, during said time interval and prior to the relaying, for an acknowledgement from said communications tower or from another transceiver device, said acknowledgement indicating that the message was received by said communications tower or said another transceiver device; and

deleting said message from a queue upon receipt of said acknowledgement during said time interval.

28. A method for relaying packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower or other relay device, comprising:

receiving a message from the ORD, said message to be repeated;

storing the message;

measuring a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message after delaying for a pseudo-random or random time interval;

monitoring at said transceiver device, during said time interval and prior to the relaying, for an acknowledgement from said communications tower or from another transceiver device, said acknowledgement indicating that the message was received by said communications tower or said another transceiver device; and

deleting said message from a queue upon receipt of said acknowledgement during said time interval.

29. A method for relaying packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower or other relay device, while minimizing unnecessary repeated message traffic comprising:

transmitting a message from the ORD, said message including an ID of the ORD, said message recognizable by a transceiver device as a message to be repeated;

storing the message and ORD ID in storage medium of said transceiver device;

timing by said transceiver device for a time interval, said time being one of a pseudo random time and an assigned time uniquely related to the transceiver device and other time scattering method;

relaying said stored message by said transceiver device after delaying for said time interval;

upon receipt by a tower collector or other collector, the tower or other collector broadcasting an acknowledge message which includes the ID of the ORD; and

any other transceiver device still timing and holding the ORD message in a corresponding storage medium, comparing the ID of the ORD in the acknowledge message and erasing any message that includes an ORD ID that matches the ORD ID of the acknowledge message.

30. A computer program product storing computer program instructions, which when executed by a computer, causes the computer to execute the following steps:

receiving a message from the ORD, said message recognizable by a transceiver device as a message to be repeated;

storing the message in said transceiver device;

measuring, by said transceiver device, a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message from said transceiver device after delaying for a time interval inversely proportional to received signal quality;

monitoring at said transceiver device, during said time interval and prior to the relaying, for an acknowledgement from said communications tower or from another transceiver device, said acknowledgement indicating that the message was received by said communications tower or said another transceiver device; and

deleting said message from a queue upon receipt of said acknowledgement during said time interval.

31. A computer program product storing computer program instructions, which when executed by a computer, causes the computer to execute the following steps:

receiving a message from an out-of-range device (ORD), said message to be repeated;

storing the message;

measuring a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message after delaying for a time interval weighted as a function of said received signal quality;

monitoring at said transceiver device, during said time interval and prior to the relaying, for an acknowledgement from said communications tower or from another transceiver device, said acknowledgement indicating that the message was received by said communications tower or said another transceiver device; and

deleting said message from a queue upon receipt of said acknowledgement during said time interval.

32. A computer program product storing computer program instructions, which when executed by a computer, causes the computer to execute the following steps:

receiving a message from an out-of-range device (ORD), said message to be repeated;

storing the message;

measuring a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message after delaying for a pseudo-random or random time interval;

monitoring at said transceiver device, during said time interval and prior to the relaying, for an acknowledgement from said communications tower or from another transceiver device, said acknowledgement indicating that the message was received by said communications tower or said another transceiver device; and

deleting said message from a queue upon receipt of said acknowledgement during said time interval.

33. A method for relaying packet information from an Out of Range Device (ORD) to a communications tower or other relay device, comprising:

receiving a message from the ORD, said message recognizable by a transceiver device as a message to be repeated;

storing the message in said transceiver device;

measuring, by said transceiver device, a received signal quality of the message;

relaying said message from said transceiver device after delaying for a time based on received signal quality comprising one of

an inverse weighting function,

a parabolic weighting function,

a non-linear curve weighting function, and

a weighting function that favors transceivers that are not immediately next to the ORD to improve a likelihood that a repeated message is sufficiently distant from the ORD to have a unique path to the tower or collector.