Microfluidic biofuel cell
First Claim
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1. A biofuel cell for generating electricity using a fuel fluid comprising:
- a non-conducting substrate;
a cathode supported by the substrate and capable of a reaction to reduce an oxidant in the presence of electrons to form water;
an anode supported by the substrate and capable of a reaction to oxidize the fuel fluid;
at least one of the anode and cathode including an enzyme for use in carrying out its respective reaction; and
either(i) at least one of the anode and cathode being formed for flow of the fuel fluid and/or oxidant therewithin for use in producing an electrical current;
or(ii) at least one of the anode and cathode comprising a width less than about 200 μ
m and at least one surface having an irregular, three dimensional topography capable of inducing convective flow of the fuel fluid and/or oxidant over said surface.
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Abstract
Microfluidic biofuel cells comprising a bioanode and/or a biocathode are formed using microfluidic principles and soft lithography. The enzymes utilized in the redox reactions at the bioanode and/or the biocathode are stabilized in a micellar or inverted micellar structure. The biofuel cell is used to produce high power densities.
60 Citations
23 Claims
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1. A biofuel cell for generating electricity using a fuel fluid comprising:
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a non-conducting substrate; a cathode supported by the substrate and capable of a reaction to reduce an oxidant in the presence of electrons to form water; an anode supported by the substrate and capable of a reaction to oxidize the fuel fluid; at least one of the anode and cathode including an enzyme for use in carrying out its respective reaction; and
either(i) at least one of the anode and cathode being formed for flow of the fuel fluid and/or oxidant therewithin for use in producing an electrical current;
or(ii) at least one of the anode and cathode comprising a width less than about 200 μ
m and at least one surface having an irregular, three dimensional topography capable of inducing convective flow of the fuel fluid and/or oxidant over said surface. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A method for forming an electrode for use in a biofuel cell, the method comprising
forming at least one electrical connector on a substrate; -
forming at least one microchannel in a non-conductive casting mold comprised of a material that will not passivate the electrode and can be reversibly sealed to the substrate; adhering the casting mold to the substrate; flowing an electron conductor solution through the microchannels; and curing the electron conductor solution to form the electrode. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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Specification