Method and apparatus for soft-sensor characterization of batteries
First Claim
1. A method for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery using a computing system comprising a processor and memory, the method comprising:
- calculating using said computer system, by using a surface overpotential value for the battery during discharging and recharging, a prediction value for a characteristic of the battery observable at a load upon detecting a condition indicating a transition from an idle state to a predictive calculation state, wherein the surface overpotential is determined as a function of a solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential;
determining a difference between said prediction value and a known value and determining a correction factor, wherein the known value is based on a measured value and said correction factor is proportional to said difference; and
adjusting the surface overpotential value using said correction factor and updating a simulation of the operation of the rechargeable battery using said computer system.
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for simulating the operation of a rechargeable battery. A value is obtained for at least one parameter that describes an internal state of the battery. The obtained value is used for calculating a prediction value for a characteristic of the battery that is observable outside the battery. These steps are repeated a multitude of times in order to simulate the operation of the battery over a certain period of time. A difference is detected between a calculated prediction value and a known value of a corresponding characteristic in a corresponding situation. The obtained value of the at least one parameter is corrected before a further prediction value is calculated by an amount that is proportional to the detected difference.
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Citations
15 Claims
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1. A method for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery using a computing system comprising a processor and memory, the method comprising:
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calculating using said computer system, by using a surface overpotential value for the battery during discharging and recharging, a prediction value for a characteristic of the battery observable at a load upon detecting a condition indicating a transition from an idle state to a predictive calculation state, wherein the surface overpotential is determined as a function of a solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential; determining a difference between said prediction value and a known value and determining a correction factor, wherein the known value is based on a measured value and said correction factor is proportional to said difference; and adjusting the surface overpotential value using said correction factor and updating a simulation of the operation of the rechargeable battery using said computer system. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. An apparatus for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery, comprising:
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model calibration means for obtaining surface overpotential values for the battery during discharging and recharging, wherein the surface overpotential values are determined as a function of the following;
solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential;predictive calculation means for calculating, by using said obtained surface overpotential values, prediction values for characteristics of the battery that are observable at a load during a moment of initiating a back-up situation, said model calibration means and said predictive calculation means being performed repetitively in order to simulate the operation of the battery over a predetermined period of time, means for determining a difference between a calculated prediction value and a known value, wherein the known value is based on a measured value, and means for adjusting said obtained surface overpotential values before calculating a further prediction value by an amount that is proportional to the difference and updating a simulation of the operation of the rechargeable battery. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8)
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9. A method for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery using a computing system comprising a processor and memory, the method comprising:
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Calculating using said computer system, by using a surface overpotential values for the battery during discharging and recharging, at least one prediction value for a characteristic of the battery that is observable at a load during a moment of initiating a back-up situation, wherein the surface overpotential value is determined as a function of a solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential; repeating said calculating a plurality of times in order to simulate the operation of the battery over a predetermined period of time; detecting a difference between said at least one calculated prediction value and a known value of a corresponding characteristic in a corresponding situation, wherein the known value is based on a measured value; comparing the detected difference to a threshold value; and adjusting the surface overpotential value by an amount that is proportional to said detected difference and using the adjusted surface overpotential value to simulate the operation of the rechargeable battery when the detected difference exceeds the threshold value using said computer system.
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10. A method for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery using a computing system comprising a processor and memory, the method comprising:
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calculating using said computer system, by using at least one overpotential parameter of the battery during discharging and recharging, a time-independent prediction of battery current that is observable at a load during a moment of simulating a backup situation, wherein the overpotential parameter is determined as a function of a solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential; simulating the operation of the battery by repeating said calculating over a predetermined period of time; determining a difference between said time-independent prediction of current value and a known current value, wherein the known current value is based on a measured value; and adjusting said at least one overpotential parameter by an amount that is proportional to said difference and updating a simulation of the operation of the rechargeable battery using said computer system. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. An apparatus for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery, comprising:
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at least one rechargeable battery; at least one voltage measuring subsystem coupled to said at least one rechargeable battery; at least one electric current measuring subsystem coupled to said at least one rechargeable battery; at least one temperature measuring subsystem for measuring a temperature of said at least one rechargeable battery; a charge and discharge control subsystem; and a computer that is coupled to receive information from said voltage measuring subsystem, electric current measuring subsystem and temperature measuring subsystem, and coupled to control said charge and discharge control subsystem, wherein said computer is adapted to perform a method comprising; obtaining surface overpotential values for the battery during discharging and recharging, wherein the surface overpotential values are determined as a function solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential; calculating, by using said obtained surface overpotential values, prediction values for characteristics of the rechargeable battery that are observable at a load during a moment of initiating a back-up situation, repeating said obtaining and calculating to simulate the operation of the battery over a predetermined period of time, determining a difference between a calculated prediction value and a known value, wherein the known value is based on a measured value, and adjusting an obtained surface overpotential value before calculating a further prediction value by an amount that is proportional to said difference and updating a simulation of the operation of the rechargeable battery.
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13. A computer-readable storage medium comprising computer-executable instructions for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery, the computer readable storage medium comprising instructions for:
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instructions for calculating, by using a surface potential value for the battery during discharging and recharging, a prediction value for a characteristic of the battery observable at a load upon detecting a condition indicating a transition from an idle state to a predictive calculation state, wherein the surface overpotential value is determined as a function of a solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential; instructions for determining a difference between said prediction value and a known value and determining a correction factor, wherein the known value is based on a measured value and said correction factor is proportional to said difference; and instructions for adjusting the surface overpotential value using said correction factor and updating a simulation of the operation of the rechargeable battery.
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14. A computer-readable storage medium comprising computer-executable instructions for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery, the computer readable storage medium comprising instructions for:
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instructions for calculating, by using a surface overpotential values for the battery during discharging and recharging, at least one prediction value for a characteristic of the battery that is observable at a load during a moment of initiating a back-up situation, wherein the surface overpotential value is determined as a function of a solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential; instructions for repeating said calculating a plurality of times in order to simulate the operation of the battery over a predetermined period of time; instructions for detecting a difference between said at least one calculated prediction value and a known value of a corresponding characteristic in a corresponding situation, wherein the known value is based on a measured value; instructions for comparing the detected difference to a threshold value; and instructions for adjusting the surface overpotential value by an amount that is proportional to said detected difference and using the adjusted surface overpotential value to simulate the operation of the rechargeable battery when the detected difference exceeds the threshold value.
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15. A computer-readable storage medium comprising computer-executable instructions for simulating an operation of a rechargeable battery, the computer readable storage medium comprising instructions for:
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instructions for calculating, by using at least one overpotential parameter of the battery during discharging and recharging, a time-independent prediction of battery current value that is observable at a load during a moment of simulating a backup situation, wherein the at least one overpotential parameter is determined as a function of a solid matrix potential, an electrolyte potential and a thermodynamic equilibrium potential; instructions for simulating the operation of the battery by repeating said calculating over a predetermined period of time; instructions for determining a difference between said time-independent prediction of current value and a known current value, wherein the known current value is based on a measured current value; and instructions for adjusting said at least one overpotential parameter by an amount that is proportional to said difference and updating a simulation of the operation of the rechargeable battery.
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Specification