Method and apparatus for electronically generating a color dental occlusion map within electronic model images

• US 7,716,024 B2
• Filed: 04/29/2003
• Issued: 05/11/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/2002
• Status: Expired

• Current Assignee: National Dentex Corporation (GDC Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Geodigm Corporation (GDC Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Vadnais, Timothy W., Isaacson, Robert J., Marshall, Michael Craig, Hultgren, Bruce Willard
• Primary Examiner(s): Shah; Kamini S
• Assistant Examiner(s): Alhija; Saif A
• Application Number:
  US10/426,252
• Publication Number:
  US 20030214501A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,569 Days
• Field of Search: 703/6
• US Class Current: 703/6
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 19/05 for determining occlusion
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/20 Editing of 3D images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2210/41 Medical
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2219/2012 Colour editing, changing, or manipulating; Use of colour codes

Abstract

A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture provide a system for electronically generating a color dental occlusion map within electronic model images. With the advances recently made computational systems, these computer based image systems may be used to permit end users to replace paper and physical models with electronic images. A mechanism to capture image representations of physical objects accurately and with sufficient resolution is provided in a form that is both inexpensive to operate while providing rapid turn-around for users. Second, a mechanism to visually display interaction between parts of an object is also provided. These features are expressly addressed for impressions of human teeth that are scanned to allow electronic images of the models of a patient'"'"'s teeth to be represented and manipulated.

Claims

1. A method for electronically generating a color dental occlusion map within electronic model images on a computing device including a processor and memory, the method comprising:

obtaining an electronic model of an upper set of teeth and a lower set of teeth from the memory of the computing device, the upper and lower sets of teeth being represented by opposing polygonal meshes, each polygonal mesh including a plurality of triangles, a first one of the polygonal meshes is configured to pivot at a point of rotation relative to a second one of the polygonal meshes, wherein at least one point on each triangle of the first polygonal mesh travels through a respective series of points that defines an arc of motion when the first polygonal mesh pivots relative to the second polygonal mesh;

manipulating a spatial separation between the first polygonal mesh and the second polygonal mesh by instructing the processor of the computing device to pivot the first polygonal mesh at the point of rotation;

for at least one point on each triangle of the first polygonal mesh, instructing the processor to calculate a separation distance to an opposing point on one of the triangles of the second polygonal mesh, the distance being determined by the processor at least partially based on the arc of motion along which the respective point of the first polygonal mesh travels;

for each triangle in the first polygonal mesh, instructing the processor to paint the triangle of the first polygonal mesh a color corresponding to the respective separation distance between the point on the triangle and the corresponding opposing point on the second polygonal mesh; and

wherein manipulating the spatial separation changes the separation distances between the points of the first polygonal mesh and the corresponding opposing points of the second polygonal mesh.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:

—

generating the electronic model including;

scanning a surface of a physical model of teeth; and

generating at least the first polygonal mesh to correspond to the scanned surface; and

storing the electronic model in the memory of the computing device.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the manipulating the spatial separation comprises accepting input from a user with an input device, the input indicating how the first and second polygonal meshes are to be manipulated.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising defining the point of rotation including:

displaying an electronic image of a skull of the patient to the user on a display device;

displaying the electronic model over the electronic image of the skull; and

accepting input from a user indicating the point of rotation.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the electronic image corresponds to a digital representation of an x-ray.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the painting the triangles of at least the first polygonal mesh paints each triangle a flat single color chosen from a color value table.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the painting the triangles of at least the first polygonal mesh uses a smooth surface shading applied to a color chosen from a color value table.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the painting the triangles of at least the first polygonal mesh uses a Gouraud shading applied to a color chosen from a color value table.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one point on each triangle of the first polygonal mesh comprises three vertices of the triangle.

9. A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable medium and comprising code that, when executed, causes a computer to implement a method to generate a color dental occlusion map, the method comprising:

providing a computing system, wherein the computing system includes distinct software modules, and wherein the distinct software modules include a generation module, a separation specification module, a separation calculation module, and separation mapping module;

generating an electronic model of an upper set of teeth and a lower set of teeth, the electronic model including a first triangular mesh representing the upper set of teeth and a second triangular mesh representing the lower set of teeth, the triangular meshes including a plurality of triangles, each triangle having a respective vertex, wherein each triangular mesh is configured to pivot at a point of rotation relative to the other triangular mesh, wherein each vertex of each triangle of one of the triangular meshes travels along a corresponding arc of motion when the triangular mesh pivots relative to the other triangular mesh, wherein the generating of the electronic model is performed by the generation module;

manipulating a spatial separation of the first triangular mesh representing the upper set of teeth relative to the second triangular mesh representing the lower set of teeth by pivoting at least one of the triangular meshes about the point of rotation, wherein the manipulating is performed by the separation specification module;

calculating a curvilinear distance from at least one of the triangle vertices of each triangle in at least a portion of the first triangular mesh to a corresponding triangle vertex of the second triangular mesh, the curvilinear distance being determined at least partially based on the arc of motion corresponding to the vertex, wherein the calculating is performed by the separation calculation module; and

painting each of the triangles in the portion a color corresponding to the distance calculated for the respective triangle vertices, the painting being performed by the separation mapping module.

10. The computer program product according to claim 9, wherein manipulating the spatial separation of the triangular meshes comprises:

superimposing the electronic model over an electronic medical image showing a dentition of a patient;

determining the point of rotation based on the electronic medical image.

11. The computer program product according to claim 9, wherein the point of rotation is defined using an electronic image of an x-ray of a skull.

12. The computer program product according to claim 9, wherein painting each of the triangles comprises painting each triangle a flat single color chosen from a color value table.

13. The computer program product according to claim 9, wherein painting each of the triangles uses a smooth surface shading applied to a color chosen from a color value table.

14. A method for electronically generating a color dental occlusion map on an electronic display device for a patient, the method being implemented using an electronic computing system including a computer processor, the method comprising:

generating on the computer processor a first electronic model representing a first set of teeth of the patient and a second electronic model representing a second set of teeth of the patient, a surface of each electronic model being formed from a polygonal mesh, each polygonal mesh including a plurality of polygons, each of the electronic models being configured to rotate relative to each other at a rotation point;

graphically displaying the polygonal mesh of each electronic model on the electronic display device;

positioning the second electronic model relative to the first electronic model on the electronic display device;

calculating on the computer processor a distance from at least one point on at least one polygon in the polygonal mesh of the first electronic model to a corresponding point on at least one polygon in the polygonal mesh of the second electronic model, the distance being determined at least partially based on the point of rotation and a distance extending between the point of rotation and the point on the polygonal mesh of the first electronic model;

painting on the electronic display device the polygon associated with the point a color to indicate the distance calculated;

moving at least one of the electronic models such that the first set of teeth and the second set of teeth are shown on the displayed device as arranged in an occluded position;

recalculating on the computer processor the distance from the point on the polygon in the polygonal mesh of the first electronic model to the corresponding point in the polygonal mesh of the second electronic model; and

painting on the electronic display device the polygon associated with the point on the first polygonal mesh a different color to indicate the recalculated distance.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein calculating a distance includes calculating a distance from a plurality of polygon vertices in the polygonal mesh of the first electronic model to corresponding polygon vertices in the polygonal mesh of the second electronic model.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein painting a polygon includes painting a plurality of polygons, each polygon corresponding to one of the plurality of polygon vertices.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein painting a polygon includes painting the polygon a flat, single color.

18. The method according to claim 14, wherein painting a polygon includes painting the polygon multiple colors using smooth surface shading.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein painting the polygon multiple colors includes painting the polygon using Gouraud shading.

20. The method according to claim 14, wherein calculating a distance includes calculating a curvilinear distance.

21. The method according to claim 14, wherein the first electronic model corresponds with an upper set of teeth and the second electronic model corresponds with a lower set of teeth.

22. The method according to claim 14, further including determining the point of rotation based on an electronic medical image.

24. The method of claim 14, wherein calculating on the computer processor the distance comprises calculating on the computer processor the distance between a vertex of the polygon on the polygonal mesh of the first electronic model to a corresponding polygonal vertex on the polygonal mesh of the second electronic model.