Antenna array for an inverse synthetic aperture radar

• US 7,724,176 B1
• Filed: 03/13/2009
• Issued: 05/25/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Pruett, James A., Grimm, Jerry M., Adams, Timothy E., Moshenrose, Christopher T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sotomayor; John B
• Application Number:
  US12/404,041
• Time in Patent Office: 438 Days
• Field of Search: 342/25.R, 342 25 A- 25 F, 342/175, 342368-372, 343/774, 343/776, 343/786, 343/844, 343/874, 343/879, 343/886, 343890-893, 343/897
• US Class Current: 342/25.00R
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/08 the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path waveguide fed H01Q21/0037
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/02 using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/08 for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation

Abstract

According to one embodiment, an antenna array includes a plurality of racks that are each configured with a plurality of antenna elements. Each rack may be rotated relative to the other racks through an axis that is generally parallel to the axis of other racks. Each antenna element within each rack has an axial orientation that is generally similar to and has an elevational orientation that is individually adjustable relative to one another.

Claims

1. An antenna array comprising:

an elongated top rail disposed parallel to an elongated bottom rail;

a plurality of racks coupled between the elongated top rail and the elongated bottom rail, each of the plurality of racks operable to be rotated about an axis and disposed at a spaced apart distance from each other, the spaced apart distance between each rack being adjustable, the axis of each of the plurality of racks being essentially parallel to one another; and

a plurality of antenna elements that are configured to transmits and receive microwave radiation in the L-band are configured on each of the plurality of racks, the plurality of antenna elements in each rack having an axial orientation that is essentially similar to one another and having a second orientation that is adjustable relative to one another, the second orientation being normal to the axial orientation;

wherein the plurality of antenna elements configured on at least one of the plurality of racks is operable to transmit microwave radiation and the plurality of antenna elements configured on the other plurality of rack are operable to receive electromagnetic radiation.

2. An antenna array comprising:

a plurality of racks operable to be rotated about an axis and disposed at a spaced apart distance from each other, the axis of each of the plurality of racks being essentially parallel to one another; and

a plurality of antenna elements configured on each of the plurality of racks, the plurality of antenna elements in each rack having an axial orientation that is essentially similar to one another and having a second orientation that is adjustable relative to one another, the second orientation being normal to the axial orientation.

3. The antenna array of claim 2, further comprising an elongated top rail configured parallel to an elongated bottom rail, the plurality of racks each coupled to and extending between the top rail and the bottom rail.

4. The antenna array of claim 3, wherein each of the plurality of racks are coupled to the top rail and the bottom rail through a pair of shock absorbers.

5. The antenna array of claim 3, wherein each of the plurality of racks are coupled to the top rail through a universal joint.

6. The antenna array of claim 2, wherein the plurality of racks comprise a first rack, a second rack, and a third rack, the plurality of antenna elements of the first rack operable to transmit microwave radiation and the plurality of antenna elements of the second rack and the third rack operable to receive microwave radiation.

7. The antenna array of claim 2, wherein the spaced apart distance between each of the plurality of racks is adjustable.

8. The antenna array of claim 2, wherein the plurality of antenna elements are operable to transmit or receive the microwave radiation in the L-band of the microwave spectrum.

9. The antenna array of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of antenna elements is coupled to its respective rack through a collar, the collar extending around and secured to an outer periphery of the each antenna element.

10. The antenna array of claim 9, wherein the collar is formed from a single piece of metal.

11. A method of generating inverse synthetic aperture radar imagery comprising:

providing a plurality of racks rotatable about an axis and disposed a spaced apart distance from each other, the axis of each of the plurality of racks being essentially parallel to one another and aligned along a common plane, and a plurality of antenna elements configured on each of the plurality of racks, the plurality of antenna elements in each rack having an axial orientation that is essentially similar to one another and a second orientation that is adjustable relative to one another, the second orientation being normal to the axial orientation;

adjusting the axial orientation of each of the plurality of racks with respect to one another,

adjusting the second orientation of each antenna element relative to other antenna elements configured on its respective rack;

moving the antenna array relative to a target; and

generating imagery using microwave radiation received by at least a subset of the plurality of antenna elements.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising aligning the axes of the plurality of racks to be essentially vertical, wherein generating imagery using the microwave radiation comprises generating imagery using the microwave radiation from a target that is laterally disposed from the antenna array.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein providing the antenna array further comprises providing the antenna array including an elongated top rail and an elongated bottom rail, the plurality of racks coupled between the elongated top rail and the elongated bottom rail.

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising transmitting microwave radiation from the plurality of antenna elements configured on a first rack of the plurality of racks, the subset of the plurality of antenna elements configured on a second rack and a third rack of the plurality of racks.

15. The method of claim 11, further comprising adjusting the spaced apart distance between each of the plurality of racks.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein generating imagery using microwave radiation comprises generating imagery using microwave radiation in the L-band of the microwave spectrum.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein providing the antenna array comprising the plurality of antenna elements configured on each of the plurality of racks comprises providing the plurality of antenna elements that are each secured to its respective rack using a collar that extends around and secured to an outer periphery of its respective antenna element.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising forming the collar from a single piece of metal.