Sidelobe blanking characterizer system and method

• US 7,728,764 B2
• Filed: 10/19/2007
• Issued: 06/01/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/19/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Lok, Yuchoi F., Chang, Kaichiang
• Primary Examiner(s): Tarcza; Thomas H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bythrow; Peter M
• Application Number:
  US11/975,478
• Publication Number:
  US 20090102717A1
• Time in Patent Office: 956 Days
• Field of Search: 342/13, 342/16, 342/17, 342159-164, 342/379, 342/380
• US Class Current: 342/159
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/2813 Means providing a modification of the radiation pattern for cancelling noise, clutter or interfering signals, e.g. side lobe suppression, side lobe blanking, null-steering arrays specially adapted to secondary radar systems G01S13/762; aerials or aerials systems H01Q21/29, H01Q25/00

Abstract

According to a particular embodiment, a method for evaluating different antenna designs includes receiving different sets of antenna patterns representative of the different antenna designs from a corresponding number of data sources. The different sets of antenna patterns are applied to a characterizer component for generating a sidelobe banking (SLB) characteristic map for each set of antenna patterns received. A SLB effectiveness chart is generated from the SLB characteristic map. A best antenna weighting set is selected based on which auxiliary antenna pattern exhibits the best performance. The best of antenna weighting factors are used for designating the antenna design having superior SLB performance characteristics.

Claims

1. A method for providing effective adaptive sidelobe blanking for use in a platform mounted phase array radar system for detecting targets when interference occurs, the radar system including a main antenna channel and at least one auxiliary antenna channel for transmitting and receiving a main beam and sidelobe patterns from a main antenna and receiving an auxiliary antenna pattern from at least one auxiliary antenna, the main and auxiliary channel being coupled to a sidelobe blanking (SLB) circuit for blanking out interference and whose output couples to a radar data processor included in the system for processing the antenna patterns and producing data patterns and weighting factor sets and beam pointing direction signals and a beam steering generator coupled to the radar data processor for receiving the beam pointing direction signals, the method comprising:

(a) including in the system, a characterizer component coupled to the radar data processor and to beam steering generator for providing sets of best weighting factors information as a function of main beam sidelobe distribution as inputs to the beam steering generator for generating antenna pattern sets for use by the system;

(b) the characterizer component generating a SLB characteristic map for each set of antenna patterns received from the radar processor;

(c) the characterizer component generating a SLB effectiveness chart from the SLB characteristic map;

(d) the characterizer component selecting a best antenna weighting set based on which auxiliary antenna pattern exhibits the best performance; and

,

(e) the characterizer component applying the best weighting factors selected in step (d) as an updated input to the beam steering generator for generating the best antenna pattern set to provide an adaptive SLB capability in conjunction with the operation of the SLB circuit.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein step (c) further includes the step of using an oblique projection technique for generating the sidelobe blanking effectiveness chart.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein step (d) further includes the steps of:

(1) overlaying the SLB effectiveness charts on the same axis; and

,

(2) choosing the set with a distribution at the sidelobe which is the lowest corresponding to the antenna pattern having the best performance.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the method further includes the step of:

(f) establishing a threshold value T corresponding to a minimum of two averaged gain margins of each combination of two sets of antenna patterns, the step being used in step (c) to generate the SLB effectiveness chart.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein in step (b), the characteristic map is constructed by computing the sum of all gain margin values divided by the number of samples in the characteristic map.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein step (b) further includes the steps of:

(1) examining each point of the set of antenna patterns and quantizing the main beam pattern value in to a map index “

s”

;

(2) computing the gain margin of the angularly aligned main beam and auxiliary antenna patterns of the set and quantizing the computed gain margin value to an index “

g”

; and

,

(3) constructing the SLB characteristic map by counting the distribution of the gain margin index g values versus the main beam sidelobe index s values.

7. The method of claim 4 wherein step (c) further includes the steps of:

(1) selecting an area of the SLB characteristic map where the gain margin is between the main beam tip (g_offset) and the threshold T which is the weakest area corresponding to that having the lowest gain margin produced by the SLB circuit;

(2) calculating an index value (ip) according to the following equation based on the geometry of projecting points of data to an axis parallel to the main beam;

ip=101−

[(101−

s)+(g−

g_offset)]·

os(45°

);

(3) computing averaged and total area values A and C for each two sets SLB effectiveness charts using the index value (ip); and

,

(4) selecting the better of the two sets based on examining corresponding values of A and C in a predetermined manner.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein in step (c) (4) comprises the steps of:

(1) first determining when the total areas differ by less than a preestablished value;

(2) when the result of step (c) (4)(1) indicates that the total area values do not differ by the pre-established value, select the better of the two sets based on which of the averaged values for the two sets has the lower value based on being further away from the main beam and indicative of better SLB circuit performance.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein step (c)(3) further includes the steps of:

(1) constructing comparison tree paths based on the results obtained in step (c)(3) until all sets of main and auxiliary antenna patterns have been processed.

10. The method of claim 7 wherein step (c)(3) further includes the step of:

(1) comparing the total area values and when the total area values differ by a pre-established amount, selecting the better of the two sets based on which one of the total area values has the lower value indicative of better SLB circuit performance.

11. A method for evaluating different antenna designs relative to determining which design provides superior sidelobe blanking (SLB) characteristics for operation within a platform mounted phase array radar system for detecting targets when interference occurs, the method comprising:

(a) receiving different sets of antenna patterns representative of the different antenna designs from a corresponding number of data sources;

(b) applying the different sets of antenna patterns received in step (a) to a characterizer component for generating a SLB characteristic map for each set of antenna patterns received;

(c) generating a SLB effectiveness chart from the SLB characteristic map;

(d) selecting a best antenna weighting set based on which auxiliary antenna pattern exhibits the best performance; and

,

(e) using the selected best of antenna weighting factors for designating the antenna design having superior SLB performance characteristics.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein step (c) further includes the step of using an oblique projection technique for generating the sidelobe blanking effectiveness chart.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein step (d) further includes the steps of:

(1) overlaying the SLB effectiveness charts on the same axis; and

,

(2) choosing the set with a distribution at the sidelobe which is the lowest corresponding to the antenna pattern having the best performance.

14. The method of claim 11 wherein the method further includes the step of:

(f) establishing a threshold value T corresponding to a minimum of two averaged gain margins of each combination of two sets of antenna patterns, the step being used in step (c) to generate the SLB effectiveness chart.

15. The method of claim 11 wherein in step (b), the characteristic map is constructed by computing the sum of all gain margin values divided by the number of samples in the characteristic map.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein step (b) further includes the steps of:

(1) examining each point of the set of antenna patterns and quantizing the main beam pattern value in dB to a map index “

S”

;

(2) computing the gain margin of the angularly aligned main beam and auxiliary antenna patterns of the set and quantizing the computed gain margin value to an index “

g”

; and

,

(3) constructing the SLB characteristic map by counting the distribution of the gain margin index g values versus the main beam sidelobe index s values.

17. The method of claim 14 wherein step (c) further includes the steps of:

(1) selecting an area of the SLB characteristic map where the gain margin is between the main beam tip (g_offset) and the threshold T which is the weakest area corresponding to that having the lowest gain margin produced by the SLB circuit;

(2) calculating an index value (ip) according to the following equation based on the geometry of projecting points of data to an axis parallel to the main beam;

ip=101−

[(101−

s)+(g−

g_offset)]·

Cos(45°

);

(3) computing averaged and total area values A and C for each two sets SLB effectiveness charts using the index value (ip); and

,

(4) selecting the better of the two sets based on examining corresponding values of A and C in a predetermined manner.

19. The method of claim 17 wherein step (c)(3) further includes the steps of:

(1) constructing comparison tree paths based on the results obtained in step (c)(3) until all sets of main and auxiliary antenna patterns have been processed.

20. The method of claim 17 wherein step (c)(3) further includes the step of:

(1) comparing the total area values and when the total area values differ by a pre-established amount, selecting the better of the two sets based on which one of the total area values has the lower value indicative of better SLB circuit performance.

18. The method of 17 wherein step (c) (4) comprises the steps of:

(1) first determining when the total areas differ by less than a preestablished value;

(2) when the result of step (c) (4)(1) indicates that the total area values do not differ by the pre-established value, select the better of the two sets based on which of the averaged values for the two sets has the lower value based on being further away from the main beam and indicative of better SLB circuit performance.

21. A characterizer component for providing effective adaptive sidelobe blanking for use in a platform mounted phase array radar system for detecting targets when interference occurs, the radar system including a main antenna channel and at least one auxiliary antenna channel for transmitting and receiving a main beam and sidelobe patterns from a main antenna and receiving an auxiliary antenna pattern from at least one auxiliary antenna, the main and auxiliary channel being coupled to a sidelobe blanking (SLB) circuit for blanking out interference and whose output couples to a radar data processor included in the system for processing the antenna patterns and producing data patterns and weighting factor sets and beam pointing direction signals, and a beam steering generator coupled to the radar data processor for receiving the beam pointing direction signals, the characterizer component being coupled to the radar data processor and to beam steering generator and comprising:

(a) a first module for generating a SLB characteristic map for each set of antenna patterns received from the radar processor;

(b) a second module for generating a SLB effectiveness chart from the SLB characteristic map received from the first module;

(c) a third module for selecting a best antenna weighting set based on which auxiliary antenna pattern exhibits the best performance; and

,

(d) a fourth module for applying the best weighting factors selected by the third module as an updated input to the beam steering generator for generating the best antenna pattern set to provide an adaptive SLB capability in conjunction with the operation of the SLB circuit.