Code execution visualization using software fingerprinting

• US 7,730,460 B1
• Filed: 06/18/2004
• Issued: 06/01/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 06/18/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Warren, Christina E., Slingerland, Nathan, Patel, Sanjay K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Dam; Tuan Q
• Assistant Examiner(s): TECKLU, ISAAC TUKU
• Application Number:
  US10/871,487
• Time in Patent Office: 2,174 Days
• Field of Search: 717/124
• US Class Current: 717/133
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/323 Visualisation of programs or trace data
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3409 for performance assessment
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3471 Address tracing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/3664 Environments for testing or debugging software
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2201/86 Event-based monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2201/88 Monitoring involving counting
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2201/885 Monitoring specific for caches

Abstract

A system, method, and computer program for analyzing code execution and software performance characteristics are disclosed. Samples of executing code may be taken based on any of a number of various triggers. For example, samples may be triggered based on function calls, such as malloc calls. Alternatively, samples may be triggered based on occurrence of a specified event. Code execution is graphically displayed such that certain patterns may be easily identified. Multiple redundant function calls and areas of code having excessively deep function calls can be readily spotted. Such areas represent opportunities for performance optimization.

Claims

1. A method for graphically presenting information pertaining to function calls during execution of a process on a computer system, the method comprising the steps of:

obtaining a plurality of call stack samples,

wherein the samples are based on occurrence of a specific event, and

wherein the event is selected from the group consisting of;

a cache miss, an execution stall, an operating system event, and a call to at least one specific function from a list of automatically suggested functions;

displaying, for at least a portion of the samples, a chart of call stack depth versus sample number;

highlighting a portion of the display in response to selection of a location in the chart or selection of a function; and

displaying a list of functions associated with the highlighted portion of the display.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the event is selected from a list of automatically suggested events.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific function comprises a memory allocation.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific function comprises a file system access.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific function comprises a mem copy function.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific function comprises a cross-library function.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific function comprises an inter-process communication.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific function comprises a semaphore lock.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the operating system event comprises a page fault.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of:

automatically identifying a function-call pattern indicative of non-optimal performance of the process.

11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the function-call pattern comprises at least two substantially similar structures.

12. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the function-call pattern indicates multiple redundant function calls.

13. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the function-call pattern indicates an inefficient sequence of function calls.

14. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the function-call pattern indicates an unnecessarily deep sequence of function calls of brief tenure.

15. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of:

in response to selection of a particular function, highlighting a portion of the chart to indicate tenure of the particular function.

16. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of:

in response to selection of a location in the chart, highlighting a portion of the chart representative of a call stack associated with the selected location.

17. The method as claimed in claim 16, further comprising the step of:

indicating tenure of each function in the call stack associated with the selected location.

18. The method as claimed in claim 17, further comprising the step of:

displaying the tenure of each function in a first color.

19. The method as claimed in claim 16, further comprising the step of:

displaying a list of functions in the call stack associated with the selected location.

37. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions tangibly embodied thereon wherein the executable program a processor to perform the method recited in any one of claim 1, or 20.

39. A system for graphically presenting information pertaining to function calls during execution of one or more processes on the system, the system comprising:

a CPU (Central Processing Unit);

a memory operatively coupled to the CPU wherein the CPU is programmed to perform method in accordance with any of claim 1, or 20.

20. A method for analyzing code execution, the method comprising the steps of:

obtaining a plurality of samples, wherein each of the samples includes a function call stack associated with occurrence of a specific event during code execution;

displaying, for at least a portion of the samples, a chart of call stack depth versus sample number;

highlighting a call stack in response to selection of a location in the chart;

indicating tenure of each function in the highlighted call stack; and

displaying a list of functions in the highlighted call stack.

21. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event is selected from a list of suggested events.

22. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event is selected from the group consisting of:

a cache miss, an execution stall, an operating system event, passing of a time interval, and a call to a specific function.

23. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the specific function is selected from a list of suggested functions.

24. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event comprises a memory allocation call.

25. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event comprises a cross-library call.

26. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event comprises a page fault.

27. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event comprises a file system access.

28. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event comprises an inter-process communication.

29. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event comprises a mem copy function call.

30. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event comprises a semaphore lock.

31. The method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the event comprises a CPU cycle.

32. The method as claimed in claim 20, further comprising the step of:

automatically identifying a function-call pattern indicative of non-optimal performance.

33. The method as claimed in claim 32, wherein the function-call pattern comprises at least two substantially similar structures.

34. The method as claimed in claim 32, wherein the function-call pattern indicates multiple redundant function calls.

35. The method as claimed in claim 32, wherein the function-call pattern indicates an inefficient sequence of function calls.

36. The method as claimed in claim 32, wherein the function-call pattern indicates an unnecessarily deep sequence of function calls of brief tenure.

38. A program storage device, readable by a programmable control device, comprising machine-readable instructions stored thereon for causing the programmable control device to:

obtain a plurality of call stack samples,

wherein the samples are based on occurrence of a specific event, and

wherein the event is selected from the group consisting of;

a cache miss, an execution stall, an operating system event, and a call to at least one specific function from a list of automatically suggested functions;

display, for at least a portion of the samples a chart of call stack depth versus sample number;

highlight a portion of the display in response to selection of a location in the chart or selection of a function; and

display a list of functions associated with the highlighted portion of the display.