Methods and conduits for flowing blood from a heart chamber to a blood vessel

• US 7,736,327 B2
• Filed: 05/09/2008
• Issued: 06/15/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: JenaValve Technology, Inc.
• Original Assignee: JenaValve Technology, Inc.
• Inventors: Wilk, Peter J., Wolf, Scott J., Phelps, David Y.
• Primary Examiner(s): Deak; Leslie R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wiest; Philip R
• Application Number:
  US12/149,901
• Publication Number:
  US 20080262602A1
• Time in Patent Office: 767 Days
• Field of Search: 604 401- 616, 604/8, 604/9, 604/96.01, 623 11- 126, 623/2.1, 623 212- 219, 606/153
• US Class Current: 604/9
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/2493 Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/82 Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents stent-grafts for tubular structures of the body other than blood vessels A61F2/04; stent-grafts for blood vessels A61F2/07; instruments specially adapted for placement or removal of stents or stent-grafts A61F2/95; for closing wounds, or holding wounds closed A61B17/04 - A61B17/115; dilators A61M29/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/848 having means for fixation to the vessel wall, e.g. barbs
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/90 characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/91 made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/94 Stents retaining their form, i.e. not being deformable, after placement in the predetermined place
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/958 Inflatable balloons for placing stents or stent-grafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/962 having an outer sleeve
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/125 Heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 27/002 Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another intraocular A61F9/00781; middle ear A61F11/202

Abstract

Disclosed is a conduit that provides a bypass around an occlusion or stenosis in a coronary artery. The conduit is a tube adapted to be positioned in the heart wall to provide a passage for blood to flow between a heart chamber and a coronary artery, at a site distal to the occlusion or stenosis. The conduit has a section of blood vessel attached to its interior lumen which preferably includes at least one naturally occurring one-way valve positioned therein. The valve prevents the backflow of blood from the coronary artery into the heart chamber.

Claims

1. A method of flowing blood from a left ventricle to an arterial blood-containing vessel, the method comprising:

placing a conduit adjacent the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel such that upon implantation of the conduit a first end of the conduit is continuously open towards the left ventricle, a second end of the conduit is continuously open towards and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, and at least a portion of the first open end faces at least a portion of the second open end, wherein the conduit has a substantially lattice structure adjacent each of the first and second ends and extending therebetween; and

during diastole, restricting a flow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel to the left ventricle via a valve attached to the conduit within an interior of the conduit between the first and second ends.

2. The method of claim 1, further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and placing the conduit within the opening after enlarging the opening.

3. The method of claim 1, further including inhibiting migration of the conduit via at least one of a hook, a barb, or a collar of the conduit.

4. The method of claim 1, further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the valve is an aortic valve.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the valve is obtained from a nonhuman animal.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the conduit is a metal conduit.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis that is substantially straight between the first and second ends.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.

14. A method of flowing blood from a left ventricle to an arterial blood-containing vessel, the method comprising:

placing a conduit adjacent the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel such that a first end of the conduit is continuously open towards the left ventricle and a second end of the conduit is continuously open towards and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis that is substantially straight between the first and second ends and wherein the conduit includes a substantially lattice structure adjacent each of the first and second ends and extending therebetween; and

during diastole, restricting a flow of blood from the vessel to the left ventricle via a valve attached to the conduit within an interior of the conduit between the first and second ends.

15. The method of claim 14, further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and placing the conduit within the opening after enlarging the opening.

16. The method of claim 14, further including inhibiting migration of the conduit via at least one of a hook, a barb, or a collar of the conduit.

17. The method of claim 14, further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the valve is an aortic valve.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein the valve is obtained from a nonhuman animal.

21. The method of claim 14, wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.

23. The method of claim 14, wherein the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.

24. The method of claim 14, wherein the conduit is a metal conduit.

25. A method of flowing blood from a left ventricle to an arterial blood-containing vessel, the method comprising:

placing a metal conduit adjacent the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel such that a first end of the conduit is continuously open towards the left ventricle, a second end of the conduit is continuously open towards and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, and a substantially straight line intersects at least a portion of the first end and at least a portion of the second end; and

during diastole, restricting a flow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel to the left ventricle via a tissue valve attached within an interior of the conduit such that the tissue valve is between the first and second ends, wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.

26. The method of claim 25, further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and placing the conduit within the opening after enlarging the opening.

27. The method of claim 25, further comprising inhibiting migration of the conduit via at least one of a hook, a barb, or a collar of the conduit.

28. The method of claim 25, further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state, and introducing the catheter into an aorta.

29. The method of claim 25, wherein the tissue valve is an aortic valve.

30. The method of claim 25, wherein the tissue valve is not a naturally occurring valve.

31. The method of claim 25, wherein the tissue valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.

32. The method of claim 25, wherein the tissue valve is obtained from a nonhuman animal.

33. The method of claim 25, wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.

35. The method of claim 25, wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis and the first and second ends intersect the longitudinal axis.

36. The method of claim 25, wherein the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.

37. The method of claim 36, further including enlarging an opening between the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel and placing the conduit within the opening after enlarging the opening.

38. The method of claim 36, further including inhibiting migration of the conduit via at least one of a hook, a barb, or a collar of the conduit.

39. The method of claim 36, further including placing the conduit onto a catheter so that the conduit is in a compressed state and introducing the catheter into the aorta.

40. The method of claim 36, wherein the tissue valve is an aortic valve.

41. The method of claim 36, wherein the tissue valve is not a naturally occurring valve.

42. The method of claim 36, wherein the tissue valve is formed from tissue engineering techniques.

43. The method of claim 36, wherein the tissue valve is obtained from a nonhuman animal.

44. The method of claim 36, wherein the first end is a distalmost end of the conduit and the second end is a proximalmost end of the conduit.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein each of the distalmost and the proximalmost ends is expandable.

46. The method of claim 36, wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis and the first and second ends intersect the longitudinal axis.

47. A method of flowing blood from a left ventricle to an arterial blood-containing vessel, the method comprising:

placing a metal conduit adjacent the left ventricle and the arterial blood-containing vessel, such that upon implantation of the conduit a first end of the conduit is continuously open towards the left ventricle and the a second end of the conduit is continuously open towards and positioned in the arterial blood-containing vessel, wherein the conduit includes a longitudinal axis that is substantially straight between the first and second ends;

during systolic contraction of the left ventricle, permitting oxygenated blood to flow from the left ventricle to the arterial blood-containing vessel; and

during diastole, restricting a flow of blood from the arterial blood-containing vessel to the left ventricle via a tissue valve attached within an interior of the conduit such that the tissue valve is between the first and second ends, wherein a section of tissue is further attached within the interior of the conduit adjacent the first end.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein the first end of the conduit is positioned in the left ventricle.