Expandable intervertebral implant and associated instrumentation

• US 7,749,270 B2
• Filed: 04/29/2005
• Issued: 07/06/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Warsaw Orthopedic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Warsaw Orthopedic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Peterman, Marc M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Barrett; Thomas C
• Assistant Examiner(s): WOODALL, NICHOLAS W
• Application Number:
  US11/117,816
• Publication Number:
  US 20060247770A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,894 Days
• Field of Search: 623/13.15, 623/17.11, 623/17.15, 623/17.16, 623/23.47, 606/57, 606/61, 606/72, 606/90, 606/232
• US Class Current: 623/17.11
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/447 substantially parallelepipedal, e.g. having a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4611 of spinal prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/2817 Bone stimulation by chemical reactions or by osteogenic or biological products for enhancing ossification, e.g. by bone morphogenetic or morphogenic proteins [BMP] or by transforming growth factors [TGF]
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/2835 Bone graft implants for filling a bony defect or an endoprosthesis cavity, e.g. by synthetic material or biological material
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30579 with mechanically expandable devices, e.g. fixation devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30593 hollow
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30777 Oblong apertures
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30828 parallel
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30841 Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30892 parallel
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/448 comprising multiple adjacent spinal implants within the same intervertebral space or within the same vertebra, e.g. comprising two adjacent spinal implants
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4627 with linear motion along or rotating motion about the instrument axis or the implantation direction, e.g. telescopic, along a guiding rod, screwing inside the instrument
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4629 connected to the endoprosthesis or implant via a threaded connection
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00017 Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00023 Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00029 Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00179 Ceramics or ceramic-like structures

Abstract

An expandable intervertebral implant including an implant body transitionable between initial and expanded configurations, and having first and second axial walls spaced apart along a transverse axis with at least one of the walls defining a recessed region when the implant body is in the initial configuration. An expansion member co-acts with the axial wall to transition the implant body to the expanded configuration wherein the recessed region is outwardly expanded generally along the transverse axis. In another embodiment, the expansion member includes a first portion displaced along an axially extending slot formed in one of the walls, and a second portion displaced between the walls to transition the implant body to the expanded configuration. In a further embodiment, the first portion of the expansion member defines a passage extending therethrough having an inner transverse dimension sized larger than an outer transverse dimension of the second portion.

Claims

1. An expandable intervertebral implant, comprising:

an implant body having a longitudinal axis and being transitionable between an initial configuration and an expanded configuration, said implant body including first and second axial walls spaced apart along a transverse axis and each having opposite end portions spaced apart along said longitudinal axis and a central portion located between said end portions, said implant body including first and second transverse end walls interconnecting said opposite end portions of said first axial wall with said opposite end portions of said second axial wall to substantially maintain said opposite end portions in a non-expanded state, said opposite end portions of said first axial walls positioned along a first plane, said opposite end portions of said second axial wall positioned along a second plane, a distance between said first and second planes defining a maximum non-expanded implant height of said implant body in said initial configuration at said opposite end portion of said axial walls, said central portion of at least one of said axial walls positioned inward of a corresponding one of said first and second planes to define a recessed region when said implant body is in said initial configuration, said recessed region comprising a concave curvature extending from said maximum non-expanded implant height at said opposite end portions of said axial walls and inwardly along said transverse axis to define a minimum non-expanded implant height of said implant body at said central portions of said axial walls in said initial configuration; and

an expansion member co-acting with and engaging said at least one of said axial walls to transition said implant body from said initial configuration to said expanded configuration, said at least one of said axial walls being flexibly deformed wherein said recessed region is outwardly expanded generally along said transverse axis to increase said implant height along said central portion while substantially maintaining said end portions in said non-expanded state to substantially maintain said implant height adjacent said end portions, said expansion member engaged with said central portion of each of said first and second axial walls in said expanded configuration with at least a portion of said recessed region extending outwardly beyond said plane when said implant body is in said expanded configuration.

2. The implant of claim 1, wherein said at least one of said axial walls includes a number of surface protrusions projecting outwardly from said recessed region.

3. The implant of claim 2, wherein said surface protrusions are at least partially positioned inward of said corresponding one of said first and second planes when said implant body is in said initial configuration.

4. The implant of claim 3, wherein said surface protrusions comprise teeth adapted for engagement with vertebral bone.

5. The implant of claim 3, wherein said surface protrusions are positioned entirely inward of said corresponding one of said first and second planes when said implant body is in said initial configuration.

6. The implant of claim 2, wherein said surface protrusions are confined to a central portion of said implant body.

7. The implant of claim 1, wherein said recessed region is defined along substantially an entire length of said implant body.

8. The implant of claim 1, wherein said concave curvature of said recessed region of said at least one of said axial walls is outwardly deformed to a convex curvature extending outwardly along said transverse axis beyond said corresponding one of said first and second planes when said implant body is transitioned to said expanded configuration.

9. The implant of claim 1, wherein each of said first and second axial walls defines a recessed region when said implant body is in said initial configuration, said expansion member co-acting with said first and second axial walls to transition said implant body from said initial configuration to said expanded configuration wherein each of said recessed regions are outwardly expanded generally along said transverse axis.

10. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant body defines an inner chamber sized to receive said expansion member therein;

and

wherein axial movement of said expansion member within said inner chamber transitions said implant body to said expanded configuration.

11. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant body defines an inner chamber sized to receive said expansion member therein, said first and second axial walls having inner surfaces facing said inner chamber, at least one of said inner surfaces defining an inward taper along said longitudinal axis, said expansion member slidably engaging said inward taper during axial movement of said expansion member to transition said implant body toward said expanded configuration.

12. The implant of claim 1, wherein said implant body defines an inner fusion chamber, each of said first and second axial walls defining at least one bone in-growth opening extending therethrough and communicating with said inner fusion chamber;

and

further comprising a bone growth promoting substance positioned within said inner chamber to facilitate fusion with adjacent vertebral bodies.

13. The implant of claim 12, wherein said bone growth promoting substance comprises a bone morphogenic protein.

14. The implant of claim 1, wherein at least one of said axial walls defines a slot having a length extending generally along said longitudinal axis;

and

wherein said expansion member includes a first portion positioned within said slot and a second portion positioned between said axial walls such that axial movement of said expansion member generally along said longitudinal axis displaces said first portion along said length of said slot and displaces said second portion between said axial walls and into engagement with said central portions of said axial walls to transition said implant body from said initial configuration to said expanded configuration.

15. The implant of claim 14, wherein said second portion of said expansion member includes a pair of side portions extending in generally opposite directions relative to said first portion, each of said side portions at least partially positioned between said axial walls such that said axial movement of said expansion member generally along said longitudinal axis engages each of said side portions with said central portion of said first and second axial walls to transition said implant body from said initial configuration to said expanded configuration.

16. The implant of claim 14, wherein said first portion of said expansion member is sized for sliding engagement along opposing side surfaces of said slot to guide said expansion member generally along said longitudinal axis during said axial movement.

17. The implant of claim 14, wherein each of said first and second axial walls defines a slot having a length extending generally along said longitudinal axis, said first portion of said expansion member including a first segment positioned within said slot in said first axial wall and a second segment positioned within said slot in said second axial wall.

18. The implant of claim 17, wherein said first and second segments of said first portion of said expansion member are sized in relatively close tolerance with said slots in said first and second axial walls.

19. The implant of claim 14, wherein said first portion of said expansion member defines a passage extending therethrough having an inner transverse dimension sized larger than an outer transverse dimension of said second portion.

20. The implant of claim 14, wherein said first and second axial walls include opposing inner surfaces, at least one of said inner surfaces defining an inward taper along said longitudinal axis, said second portion of said expansion member being displaced between said inner surfaces and slidably engaged along said inward taper during said axial movement of said expansion member to transition said implant body toward said expanded configuration.

21. The implant of claim 14, wherein said implant body defines an inner fusion chamber, each of said first and second axial walls defining at least one bone in-growth opening extending therethrough and communicating with said inner fusion chamber;

and

further comprising a bone growth promoting substance positioned within said inner chamber to facilitate fusion with adjacent vertebral bodies.

22. The implant of claim 21, wherein said expansion member is positioned within a central portion of said inner chamber to transition said implant body to said expanded configuration, said bone growth promoting substance positioned within first and second end portions of said inner chamber on opposite sides of said expansion member, said expansion member defining a passage extending therethrough, said bone growth promoting substance conveyed through said passage and into one of said first and second end portions of said inner chamber.

23. The implant of claim 22, wherein said passage extending through said expansion member has an inner transverse dimension sized larger than an outer transverse dimension of said second portion of said expansion member.

24. The implant of claim 1, wherein said opposite end portions of said first and second axial walls are planar.

25. An expandable intervertebral implant, comprising:

an implant body having a longitudinal axis and being transitionable between an initial configuration and an expanded configuration, said implant body including first and second axial walls spaced apart along a transverse axis to define an implant height and having opposite end portions spaced apart along said longitudinal axis and a central portion located between said end portions, said implant body including first and second transverse end walls interconnecting said opposite end portions of said first axial wall with said opposite end portions of said second axial wall to substantially maintain said opposite end portions in a non-expanded state, said opposite end portions of said at least one of said axial walls positioned along a plane, said central portion of at least one of said axial walls positioned inward of said plane to define a recessed region when said implant body is in said initial configuration; and

an expansion member co-acting with and engaging said at least one of said axial walls to transition said implant body from said initial configuration to said expanded configuration, said at least one of said axial walls being flexibly deformed wherein said recessed region is outwardly expanded generally along said transverse axis to increase said implant height along said central portion while substantially maintaining said end portions in said non-expanded state to substantially maintain said implant height adjacent said end portions, said expansion member engaged with said central portion of each of said first and second axial walls in said expanded configuration with at least a portion of said recessed region extending outwardly beyond said plane when said implant body is in said expanded configuration; and

wherein said recessed region comprises a concave curvature extending inwardly along said transverse axis and curving in a longitudinal direction along said longitudinal axis and along substantially an entire length of said at least one of said axial walls between said pair of opposite end portions wherein said opposite end portions of the first and second axial walls are planar.

26. An expandable intervertebral implant, comprising:

an implant body having a longitudinal axis and being transitionable between an initial configuration and an expanded configuration, said implant body including first and second axial walls spaced apart along a transverse axis; and

an expansion member including a body portion and at least one side portion, said at least one side portion at least partially positioned between said axial walls such that movement of said expansion member generally along said longitudinal axis displaces said side portion between said axial walls to transition said implant body from said initial configuration to said expanded configuration wherein at least one of said axial walls is outwardly expanded generally along said transverse axis, said body portion defining a passage extending therethrough having an inner transverse dimension sized larger than an outer transverse dimension of said at least one side portion; and

wherein said first and second axial walls include opposing inner surfaces, said inner surfaces defining opposing ramped surfaces each defining an inward taper along said longitudinal axis, said at least one side portion of said expansion member being displaced between said inner surfaces and slidably engaged with each of said opposing ramped surfaces during said axial movement of said expansion member to transition said implant body toward said expanded configuration, said at least one side portion of said expansion member concurrently engaged with a central portion of each of said opposing inner surfaces when said implant body is in said expanded configuration to maintain said implant body in said expanded configuration.

27. The implant of claim 26, wherein said implant body includes first and second transverse end walls interconnecting opposite end portions of said first axial wall with opposite end portions of said second axial wall;

and

wherein said axial movement of said expansion member transitions said implant body toward said expanded configuration to increase a first implant height along a central portion of said first and second axial walls while substantially maintaining said opposite end portions in a non-expanded state to substantially maintain a second implant height adjacent said first and second transverse end walls, said expansion member engaged with said central portion of said first and second axial walls in said expanded configuration.

28. The implant of claim 27, wherein at least one of said axial walls defines a recessed region comprising a concave curvature when said implant body is in said initial configuration;

and

wherein said concave curvature of said recessed region is outwardly expanded generally along said transverse axis to a convex curvature as said implant body is transitioned to said expanded configuration.

29. The implant of claim 28, wherein said recessed region extends along substantially an entire length of said at least one of said axial walls between said pair of opposite end portions.

30. The implant of claim 28, wherein said at least one of said axial walls includes a number of surface protrusions projecting outwardly from said recessed region, said opposite end portions of said at least one of said axial walls positioned along a plane, said surface protrusions at least partially positioned inward of said plane when said implant body is in said initial configuration.

31. The implant of claim 26, wherein said implant body defines an inner fusion chamber, each of said first and second axial walls defining at least one bone in-growth opening extending therethrough and communicating with said inner fusion chamber;

and

further comprising a bone growth promoting substance positioned within said inner chamber to facilitate fusion with adjacent vertebral bodies.

32. The implant of claim 31, wherein said expansion member is positioned within a central portion of said inner chamber to transition said implant body to said expanded configuration, said bone growth promoting substance positioned within first and second end portions of said inner chamber on opposite sides of said expansion member, said body portion of said expansion member defining a passage extending therethrough, said bone growth promoting substance conveyed through said passage and into one of said first and second end portions of said inner chamber.

33. The implant of claim 26, wherein said passage has a generally circular shape defining a first diameter, said at least one side portion of said expansion member having a generally circular outer cross section defining a second diameter, said first diameter of said passage sized larger than said second diameter of said at least one side portion of said expansion member.

34. The implant of claim 26, wherein said expansion member includes a pair of said side portions extending in generally opposite directions relative to said body portion, each of said side portions at least partially positioned between said axial walls such that axial movement of said expansion member generally along said longitudinal axis displaces said side portions between said axial walls to transition said implant body from said initial configuration to said expanded configuration.

35. The implant of claim 26, wherein at least one of said axial walls defines a slot having a length extending generally along said longitudinal axis, said body portion of said expansion member including a segment positioned within said slot such that said axial movement of said expansion member displaces said segment along said length of said slot.

36. The implant of claim 35, wherein said segment of said body portion is sized for sliding engagement along opposing side surfaces of said slot to guide said expansion member generally along said longitudinal axis during said axial movement.

37. The implant of claim 26, wherein each of said first and second axial walls defines a slot having a length extending generally along said longitudinal axis, said body portion of said expansion member including a first segment positioned within said slot in said first axial wall and a second segment positioned within said slot in said second axial wall, each of said first and second segments of said body portion sized in relatively close tolerance with said slots in said first and second axial walls.

38. The implant of claim 26, wherein said central portions of said opposing inner surfaces of said first and second axial walls each have a recessed area defining opposing concave surfaces, said at least one side portion of said expansion member positioned within said recessed areas and engaged with said opposing concave surfaces to maintain said implant body in said expanded configuration.