Selection of transmission media in an ad-hoc network based upon approximate predicted information utility

• US 7,751,390 B2
• Filed: 07/03/2006
• Issued: 07/06/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/03/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Palo Alto Research Center, Inc. (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Liu, Juan, Huang, Qingfeng, Greene, Daniel H., Reich, James E., Mosko, Marc E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sheikh; Ayaz R
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sloms; Nicholas
• Application Number:
  US11/428,438
• Publication Number:
  US 20080002574A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,464 Days
• Field of Search: 370/254
• US Class Current: 370/389
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/08 Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/302 Route determination based on requested QoS
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/02 Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 40/18 based on predicted events
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Abstract

A method of managing traffic in an ad hoc network includes measuring local data traffic levels on at least one network resource. Criteria are established for different transmission media. A microutility of a data sample is evaluated and the data sample is transmitted through one or more media, the selection of the media being based upon evaluation of the microutility against the criteria.

Claims

1. A method of managing traffic in an ad hoc network, comprising:

measuring local data traffic levels on at least one network resource;

establishing criteria for different transmission media having different distance ranges;

evaluating a microutility of a data sample, the microutility based upon a predicted usefulness of the data sample and specifies to which geographic region the data sample is to be propagated and calculated at a data source to accompany the data sample, the microutility calculated by application of a utility function specifying information dissemination needs of an application at the data source wanting to propagate information; and

transmitting the data sample through one or more transmission media, wherein the selection of the transmission media is based upon evaluation of the microutility against the criteria.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the criteria are ranges of microutility values.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein establishing criteria further comprises using the microutilities of recently received data samples to establish the criteria.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein establishing criteria further comprises establishing one or more media to use for data samples having microutilities in a premium range.

5. The method of claim 1, measuring local data traffic levels further comprising measuring queue length at the network resource.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein measuring local data traffic levels further comprises measuring historic queue lengths where recent queue lengths have a larger effect than less recent queue lengths on a resulting measure.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein measuring local data traffic levels further comprises measuring a local queue delay.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein measuring local data traffic levels further comprises measuring historic local queue delay, where recent queue delays have a larger effect than less recent queue delays on a resulting measurement.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein determining local data traffic levels further comprises measuring packet-size weighted queue length.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein determining local data traffic levels further comprises measuring historic packet-size weighted queue lengths, where recent packet-size queue lengths have a larger effect than less recent packet-size queue lengths on a resulting measure.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the data sample through one or more transmission media is repeated at each of an in transit forwarding node.

12. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising storing the data sample if the data sample retains an information value over time.

13. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising dropping the data sample if the microutility of the data sample does not fall into any range of microutility.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection of the transmission media is based upon characteristics of the transmission media.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the characteristics of the transmission media are determined by nodes connected by a particular transmission medium.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the characteristics of the transmission media are determined by registration of nodes and transmission media to which the nodes are connected with a central repository.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the characteristics of the transmission media change over time and changes are propagated to interested nodes.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the nodes connected by the particular transmission medium change over time.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the selection of the transmission media is based upon the evaluation of the microutility at a remote end of a connection in the transmission media.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein the characteristics of the transmission media is based upon a transmitting node, a receiving node, a nature of the data sample and conditions of channels in the transmission media.

21. The method of claim 1, the method further comprising controlling transmission of data samples through the transmission media such that duplicate samples are detected and suppressed in each transmission media, unless a hold is in use.

22. The method of claim 21, controlling transmission further comprises using a media-dependent suppression mechanism.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein each available transmission medium, if employing a hold-and-forward mechanism, has a hold-and-forward mechanism independent from other transmission media.

24. The method of claim 14, wherein the characteristics of the transmission media determines a number of samples included in a packet.

25. The method of claim 14, wherein the characteristics of the transmission media include encryption.

26. The method of claim 14, wherein the characteristics of the transmission media include security requirements.

27. An article of computer-readable storage media containing instructions that, when executed, cause the computer to:

measure local data traffic levels on at least one network resource;

establish criteria for different transmission media having different distance ranges;

evaluate a microutility of a data sample, the microutility based upon a predicted usefulness of the data sample and specifies to what geographic area the sample is to be propagated and calculated at a data source to accompany the data sample, the microutility calculated by application of a utility function specifying information dissemination needs of an application at the data source wanting to propagate information; and

transmit the data sample through one or more transmission media, wherein the selection of the transmission media is based upon evaluation of the microutility against the criteria.

28. The article of claim 27, wherein the instructions that cause the computer to establish criteria further causes the computer to use the microutilities of recently received data samples to establish the criteria.

29. The article of claim 27, wherein the instructions that cause the computer to transmit the data sample further cause the computer to select the transmission media based upon characteristics of the media.