Combined uterine activity and fetal heart rate monitoring device

• US 7,758,522 B2
• Filed: 01/03/2007
• Issued: 07/20/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 01/03/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Pandit, Ashit Madhusudan
• Primary Examiner(s): Hindenburg; Max
• Assistant Examiner(s): SMITH, FANGEMONIQUE A
• Application Number:
  US11/619,500
• Publication Number:
  US 20080161689A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,294 Days
• Field of Search: 600/591, 600/485, 600/438, 600/453, 600/437, 600/443, 600/300
• US Class Current: 600/591
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/002 Monitoring the patient using a local or closed circuit, e.g. in a room or building A61B5/0017 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02411 of foetuses
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02438 with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/033 Uterine pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0535 Impedance plethysmography for measuring blood flow A61B5/0295
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4356 Assessing uterine contractions A61B5/033 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4362 Assessing foetal parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/02 Measuring pulse or heart rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0866 involving foetal diagnosis; pre-natal or peri-natal diagnosis of the baby
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4472 Wireless probes

Abstract

A combinational fetal heart rate monitor and uterine activity measuring device for use on a pregnant patient. The fetal heart rate and uterine activity monitor comprising a plurality of electrodes disposed to be attached on the abdomen of the patient and an ultrasound transducers disposed to be attached on the abdomen of the patient. An energy source is operable to generate an excitation signal and the energy source is connected to a multiplexer which is connected between the plurality of electrodes and the ultrasound transducer, the multiplexer being selectively positioned to direct the excitation signal from the energy source to either the electrode or the ultrasound transducer. An amplifier connected to the energy source compares the excitation signal to the excitation signal after it passes through the abdomen of the patient. The signal from the amplifier is demodulated and processed to calculate physiological parameter based on the change in the excitation signal.

Claims

1. A fetal heart rate and uterine activity monitor the monitor comprising:

a plurality of electrodes disposed to be attached to the abdomen of the patient;

a plurality of ultrasound crystals disposed to be held in communication with the abdomen of the patient;

an energy source operable to generate an excitation signal, the energy source being connected to both the plurality of electrodes and the plurality of ultrasound crystals to provide the excitation signal to the electrodes and the ultrasound crystals;

an impedance monitor including a first amplifier connected to the plurality of electrodes, the first amplifier producing a signal representative of the impedance of the abdomen of the patient and a first demodulator connected to the first amplifier, the first demodulator calculating the change in amplitude of the signal from the first amplifier;

a fetal heart rate monitor including a second amplifier connected to the plurality of ultrasound crystals, the second amplifier producing a signal representative of the difference between the excitation signal applied to the plurality of ultrasound crystals and the acoustical return received by the ultrasound crystals and a second demodulator connected to the second amplifier, the second demodulator calculating the change in amplitude of the signal from the second amplifier; and

a processor that receives a signal from the first demodulator indicative of the impedance of the abdomen of the patient and calculates the uterine activity of the patient and receives a signal from the second demodulator and calculates the fetal heart rate.

2. The device of claim 1 wherein the energy source produces a sine wave excitation signal.

3. The device of claim 2 further comprising a transmitter that receives a signal indicative of the uterine activity and the fetal heart rate and transmits the signal to a base station for the display of the uterine activity and fetal heart rate.

4. The device of claim 3 further comprising:

a first analog to digital converter connected between the first demodulator and the processor, the first analog to digital converter converting a first analog signal from the first demodulator to a first digital signal provided to the processor; and

a second analog to digital convert connected between the second demodulator and the processor, the second analog to digital converter converting a second analog signal from the second demodulator to a second digital signal provided to the processor.

5. The device of claim 3, further comprising an outer casing, the casing encapsulating the energy source, the first amplifier, the second amplifier, the first demodulator, the second demodulator, and the processor.

6. The device of claim 5, further comprising a single power source for supplying power to the energy source, impedance monitor, and the fetal heart rate monitor.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of electrodes are two electrodes, the energy source being connected to both of the electrodes and the first amplifier being connected to both of the electrodes.

8. A method of monitoring the uterine activity of a pregnant patient, the method comprising:

attaching a plurality of electrodes to the abdomen of the patient;

attaching an ultrasound transducer to the abdomen of the patient;

generating an excitation signal suitable for the excitation of an ultrasound crystal;

alternately directing the excitation signal to energize either the plurality of electrodes or the ultrasound transducers;

wherein the excitation or signal is directed to the plurality of electrodes;

energizing at least one of the electrodes with the excitation signal;

monitoring at least one of the electrodes to obtain the excitation signal after the excitation signal has passed through the patient'"'"'s abdomen;

demodulating the excitation signal to measure the impedance of the patient'"'"'s abdomen;

calculating the uterine activity of the patient based on the measured impedance;

and wherein when the excitation signal is directed to the ultrasound transducer;

energizing the ultrasound transducer with the excitation signal;

monitoring the ultrasound transducer to obtain a ultrasound signal;

demodulating the ultrasound signal to obtain a signal representative of the heart rate of the fetus; and

calculating the fetal heart rate.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the steps of energizing the at least one electrode and the step of energizing the ultrasound transducer are performed using the same excitation signal produced by an energy source.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the uterine activity and the fetal heart rate are alternatively monitored and calculated.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein at least one of the electrodes and the ultrasound transducer are energized simultaneously;

at least one of the electrodes and the ultrasound transducer are monitored simultaneously; and

the uterine activity and the fetal heart rate are calculated simultaneously.

12. A combinational fetal heart rate monitor and uterine activity measuring device for use on a pregnant patient, the device comprising:

an energy source that generates an excitation signal;

an impedance monitor including a plurality of electrodes attached to the abdomen of the patient, the electrodes connected to the energy source to receive the excitation signal;

a fetal heart rate monitor including an ultrasound transducer attached to the abdomen of the patient, the ultrasound transducer connected to the energy source to receive the excitation signal;

a processor connected to the impedance monitor and the fetal heart rate monitor, the processor calculating uterine activity when a signal is received from the impedance monitor and calculating the fetal heart rate when a signal is received from the fetal heart rate monitor; and

a multiplexer connected between the energy source and both the electrodes and the ultrasound transducer, the multiplexer being selectively positioned to direct the excitation signal from the energy source to selectively between the electrodes and the ultrasound transducer;

wherein if the multiplexer is positioned to direct the excitation signal to the electrodes, the processor receives a signal from the electrodes and if the multiplexer is positioned to direct the excitation signal to the ultrasound transducer, the processor receives a signal from the ultrasound transducer.

13. The device of claim 12, further comprising a common amplifier connected to the impedance monitor and the fetal heart rate monitor, the common amplifier amplifying a signal from one of the impedance monitor and the fetal heart rate monitor and directing an amplified signal to the processor.

14. The device of claim 12, further comprising a common demodulator connected to the impedance monitor and the fetal heart rate monitor, the common demodulator demodulating a signal from one of the impedance monitor and the fetal heart rate monitor and directing a demodulated signal to the processor.

15. The device of claim 13, further comprising a common demodulator connected to the impedance monitor and the fetal heart rate monitor through the common amplifier, the common demodulator demodulating the amplified signal from the common amplifier and directing a demodulated signal to the processor.

16. The device of claim 12, wherein the plurality of electrodes are two electrodes, wherein when the multiplexer is positioned to direct the excitation signal to the electrodes, the excitation signal is applied to one of the two electrodes.

17. The device of claim 12, further comprising an outer casing, the outer casing encapsulating the energy source, the multiplexer, the amplifier, the demodulator and the processor.

18. The device of claim 17, further comprising an elastomeric belt, the elastomeric belt disposed to secure the device to the abdomen of the patient.

19. The device of claim 12, further comprising a single power source for supplying power to the energy source, the impedance monitor, and the fetal heart rate monitor device.

20. The device of claim 19, wherein the single power source is a battery pack, the battery pack being secured to an elastomeric belt.