Simplified automatic discharge function for vehicles

• US 7,768,237 B2
• Filed: 05/11/2007
• Issued: 08/03/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/11/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations Incorporated (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Tarchinski, James E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Assouad; Patrick J
• Assistant Examiner(s): DIAO, M BAYE
• Application Number:
  US11/747,379
• Publication Number:
  US 20080278117A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,180 Days
• Field of Search: 320/103, 320/104, 320/135, 320/137, 320/166, 320/167, 318/139, 307/9.1, 307/10.1, 307/52, 307/71, 307/75, 902/903, 902/906, 902/907, 290/40.C
• US Class Current: 320/135
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/32 characterised by the fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/48 Parallel type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/40 for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/24 including control of energy storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/086 Power change rate
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/24 Energy storage means
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/322 Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

Methods and system are disclosed for an automatic discharge function for a vehicle having an electric or hybrid electric motor. The methods and system monitor the motor for occurrence of a power shutdown. If the power shutdown occurs, a contactor pair is opened, and immediate discharging of capacitance is initiated in response to opening the contactors pair. Discharging is continued until the capacitance is completely discharged.

Claims

1. An automatic discharge method for a vehicle having an electric traction motor, the method comprising:

monitoring the electric traction motor for occurrence of a power shutdown;

controlling a first contactor and a second contactor if the power shutdown occurs, wherein the first contactor and the second contactor are coupled between respective poles of a capacitance and a battery pack;

initiating discharging of the capacitance using the first contactor and the second contactor, and

completing discharging of the capacitance;

wherein the initiating step further comprises;

coupling the first contactor to a first end of a first active discharge resistor, wherein the first active discharge resistor has a second end continuously connected to the second contactor; and

coupling the second contactor to a first end of a second active discharge resistor, wherein the second active discharge resistor has a second end continuously connected to the first contactor.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initiating step further comprises coupling the first contactor to a first end of an active discharge resistor, wherein the active discharge resistor has a second end continuously connected to the second contactor.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initiating step further comprises:

coupling the first contactor to a first end of an active discharge resistor; and

coupling the second contactor to a second end of the active discharge resistor.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power shutdown is an electrical circuit failure.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power shutdown is an electrical system shutdown.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power shutdown is an electrical circuit power shutdown.

7. An automatic discharge system for a vehicle having an electric traction motor, the system comprising:

a battery pack having a first battery pole and a second battery pole, and wherein the battery pack is configured to provide an electrical voltage and current to the electric traction motor via the first battery pole and the second battery pole;

a power output stage;

a capacitance having a first pole and a second pole, and coupled between the battery pack and the power output stage, wherein the capacitance is configured to control and buffer electrical energy between the battery pack and the power output stage;

an active discharge resistor having a first end and a second end, and configured to discharge the capacitance;

a passive discharge resistor configured to discharge the capacitance; and

a first contactor and a second contactor, wherein the first contactor is connected to the first pole of the capacitance and the second contactor is connected to the second pole of the capacitance, wherein the first contactor and the second contactor are configured to open to start discharging the capacitance and the first contactor is further configured to switch from the first battery pole to the first end of the active discharge resistor to facilitate the discharging.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the second end of the active discharge resistor is connected to the second contactor.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein a first end of a second active discharge resistor is connected to the first contactor;

and

the second contactor is further configured to switch from the second battery pole to the second end of the second active discharge resistor to facilitate the discharging.

10. The system according to claim 7, wherein the second contactor is further configured to switch from the second battery pole to the second end of the active discharge resistor to facilitate the discharging.

11. The system according to claim 7, wherein the electric traction motor has a plurality of modes.

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein the power output stage is configured to convert DC to AC to control how much power is sent to the electric traction motor based on one of the plurality of modes.

13. The system according to claim 11, wherein the plurality of modes comprise an acceleration mode of the electric traction motor.

14. The system according to claim 7, wherein the capacitance comprises a capacitance of an active electrical bus for the vehicle.

15. The system according to claim 7, wherein the capacitance comprises a capacitance of power electronics for the vehicle.

16. The system according to claim 7, wherein the capacitance comprises a capacitance of an ultra-capacitor for the vehicle.

17. The system according to claim 7, wherein the capacitance comprises a capacitance of the electric traction motor.

18. The system according to claim 7, wherein the capacitance comprises a capacitance of a DC-AC converter for the vehicle.

19. The system according to claim 7, wherein the capacitance comprises a capacitance of the power output stage.

20. An automatic discharge system for a vehicle having an electric traction motor, a power output stage for the electric traction motor, and a DC power supply for the power output stage, the system comprising:

a first structure corresponding to a first input node of the power output stage;

a second structure corresponding to a second input node of the power output stage, wherein the vehicle includes a capacitance across the first input node and the second input node;

a passive discharge resistor across the first input node and the second input node;

an active discharge resistor;

a contactor arrangement configured to couple the DC power supply in parallel with the capacitance while in an operating mode, and configured to couple the active discharge resistor in parallel with the capacitance while in a shutdown mode; and

a controller coupled to the contactor arrangement, the controller being configured to actuate the contactor arrangement in accordance with the shutdown mode and the operating mode, wherein the active discharge resistor and the passive discharge resistor discharge the capacitance during the shutdown mode.

21. The system according to claim 20, wherein the contactor arrangement comprises:

a first contactor configured to couple the first input node to a first end of the active discharge resistor while in the shutdown mode, and configured to couple the first input node to a first pole of the DC power supply while in the operating mode; and

a second contactor configured to couple the second input node to a second end of the active discharge resistor while in the shutdown mode, and configured to couple the second input node to a second pole of the DC power supply while in the operating mode.

22. The system according to claim 21, wherein:

the first contactor has a first end connected to the first input node, and a second end configured for coupling to either the first end of the active discharge resistor or the first pole of the DC power supply; and

the second contactor has a first end connected to the first input node and to the second end of the active discharge resistor, and a second end configured for coupling to the second pole of the DC power supply or to remain floating.

23. The system according to claim 21, wherein:

the first contactor has a first end connected to the first input node, and a second end configured for coupling to either the first end of the active discharge resistor or the first pole of the DC power supply; and

the second contactor has a first end connected to the second input node, and a second end configured for coupling to either the second end of the active discharge resistor or the second pole of the DC power supply.