Material analysis based on imaging effective atomic numbers

• US 7,769,132 B1
• Filed: 03/13/2008
• Issued: 08/03/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Leidos Security Detection & Automation Incorporated (Leidos Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: L-3 Communications Security & Detection Systems, Inc. (Leidos Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Stillson, Jeff, Hurd, Paul J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kiknadze; Irakli
• Application Number:
  US12/048,002
• Time in Patent Office: 873 Days
• Field of Search: 378/57, 378/62, 378/42, 378/44, 378/45, 378/51, 378/54, 378/70, 378 86- 90, 382/132
• US Class Current: 378/57
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 23/083 the radiation being X-rays
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/0041 Multiple energy techniques using one type of radiation, e.g. X-rays of different energies multi-beam applications, e.g. X-rays and neutrons G01V5/0033; spectroscopic applications G01V5/0016
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/224 Multiple energy techniques using one type of radiation, e.g. X-rays of different energies

Abstract

Effective atomic numbers associated with pixels in a region are received. An effective atomic number is associated with each pixel in the region. X-ray data for the region is received, and an item within the region is identified from the x-ray data. Some of the pixels in the region are correlated with the item such that the item is associated with an effective atomic number. An image of the region is rendered. The pixels of the item have a display style based on the effective atomic number of the item.

Claims

1. A method of imaging effective atomic numbers, the method comprising:

receiving effective atomic numbers associated with pixels in a region, wherein an effective atomic number is associated with each pixel in the region;

receiving x-ray data for the region;

identifying an item within the region from the x-ray data;

correlating some of the pixels in the region with the item such that the item is associated with an effective atomic number; and

rendering an image of the region, the pixels of the item having a display style based on the effective atomic number of the item.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving an indication of a range of effective atomic numbers of interest.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the display style comprises color, and a color is associated with the range of effective atomic numbers of interest.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising identifying additional items within the region from the x-ray data, the additional items covering the item in a region of overlap, and the additional items have effective atomic numbers different than the effective atomic number of the item.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the effective atomic numbers of the additional items are within the range of effective atomic numbers of interest, and the additional items and the region of overlap are represented by the color associated with the range of effective atomic numbers of interest.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein the display style comprises one or more patterns, and a pattern is associated with the range of effective atomic numbers of interest.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein receiving an indication of a range of effective atomic numbers of interest comprises accessing a predetermined range of effective atomic numbers of interest.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising displaying a re-sizeable selector that allows selection of one or more ranges of effective atomic numbers of interest.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the selector is movable.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein a size of the selector corresponds to one or more ranges of effective atomic numbers of interest, and a position of the selector corresponds to a mean of the effective atomic numbers included in the range.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying an item within the region from the x-ray data comprises determining edges within the x-ray data and identifying the item based on the edges.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying an item within the region from the x-ray data comprises aggregating pixels having similar attenuation values and identifying an item based on one or more boundaries around the aggregated pixels.

13. A system of imaging effective atomic numbers, the system comprising:

a processor configured to;

receive effective atomic numbers associated with pixels in a region, wherein an effective atomic number is associated with each pixel in the region,

receive x-ray data for the region,

identify an item within the region from the x-ray data,

correlate some of the pixels in the region with the item such that the item is associated with an effective atomic number; and

a display configured to render an image of the region, the pixels of the item having a display style based on the effective atomic number of the item.

14. The system of claim 13 further comprising a source configured to expose an area imaged by the pixels to x-rays of at least two energies.

15. The system of claim 14 further comprising a sensor configured to detect x-rays of at least two energies.

16. The system of claim 15 further comprising a filter positioned between the area and the sensor, the filter configured to separate the x-rays of at least two energies.

17. The system of claim 13, wherein the display is a touch screen.

18. The system of claim 13, further comprising an opening configured to receive an object.

19. The system of claim 13, wherein the opening is configured to receive cargo and the object comprises luggage.

20. A method of imaging effective atomic numbers, the method comprising:

receiving effective atomic numbers associated with pixels in a region, wherein an effective atomic number is associated with each pixel in the region;

receiving penetrating spectral data for the region;

identifying an item within the region from the penetrating spectral data;

correlating some of the pixels in the region with the item such that the item is associated with an effective atomic number; and

rendering an image of the region, the pixels of the item having a display style based on the effective atomic number of the item.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the penetrating spectral data comprises data based on x-rays of at least two energy levels.

22. A computer program tangibly embodied on a computer-readable medium, the computer program including instructions that, when executed, cause a processor to perform operations comprising:

receiving effective atomic numbers associated with pixels in a region, wherein an effective atomic number is associated with each pixel in the region;

receiving x-ray data for the region;

identifying an item within the region from the x-ray data;

correlating some of the pixels in the region with the item such that the item is associated with an effective atomic number; and

rendering an image of the region, the pixels of the item having a display style based on the effective atomic number of the item.