Adaptive voltage control by accessing information stored within and specific to a microprocessor

• US 7,774,625 B1
• Filed: 06/22/2004
• Issued: 08/10/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 06/22/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Meta Platforms, Inc. (f/k/a Facebook, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Intellectual Ventures Funding LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Inventors: Kawasumi, Steven, Sheng, Eric Chien-Li
• Primary Examiner(s): SURYAWANSHI, SURESH
• Application Number:
  US10/874,407
• Time in Patent Office: 2,240 Days
• Field of Search: 713/300, 713/320, 713/322, 365/227
• US Class Current: 713/300
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3203 Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/324 by lowering clock frequency
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3296 by lowering the supply or operating voltage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

Adaptive voltage control. In accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention, a desirable operating frequency for the microprocessor is determined. Information stored within and specific to the microprocessor is accessed. The information can comprise coefficients of a quadratic approximation of a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor. An efficient voltage for operating the microprocessor at said desirable operating frequency is computed. The microprocessor is operated at the efficient voltage.

Claims

1. A method of operating a microprocessor comprising:

determining, independent of a present operating condition of said microprocessor, a desirable operating frequency for the microprocessor;

accessing information stored within and specific to the microprocessor;

utilizing the information, computing an efficient voltage for operating the microprocessor at the desirable operating frequency; and

operating the microprocessor at the efficient voltage.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the information is encoded within the microprocessor prior to packaging of the microprocessor.

3. The method as described in claim 1 further comprising operating the microprocessor at the desirable operating frequency while operating at the efficient voltage.

4. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the information comprises coefficients of a quadratic approximation of a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

5. The method as described in claim 4 wherein the computing comprises evaluating the quadratic approximation of a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

6. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the information comprises a predicted maximum frequency of operation of the microprocessor.

7. The method as described in claim 6 wherein the computing comprises utilizing the predicted maximum frequency.

8. The method as described in claim 6 wherein the information comprises an additional efficient voltage for operation of the microprocessor at the predicted maximum frequency.

9. The method as described in claim 8 wherein the computing comprises utilizing the additional efficient voltage for operation of the microprocessor at the predicted maximum frequency.

10. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the information comprises a frequency adjustment term to adjust the desirable operating frequency for use in the computing.

11. The method as described in claim 10 wherein the computing comprises adjusting the desirable operating frequency by the frequency adjustment term.

12. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the information comprises a voltage adjustment term to adjust the efficient voltage.

13. The method as described in claim 12 wherein the computing comprises utilizing the efficient voltage.

14. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the information comprises a point on a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

15. The method as described in claim 14 wherein the computing comprises utilizing the point.

25. The method as described in claim 1 wherein the information comprises a continuous function approximating a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

40. An integrated circuit according to claim 1 wherein the information describes a continuous function approximating a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

16. A computer comprising:

a microprocessor integrated circuit;

a voltage supply for furnishing a selectable voltage to the microprocessor integrated circuit;

a memory space coupled to the microprocessor integrated circuit comprising instructions to implement a method of operating the microprocessor integrated circuit at an efficient voltage, the method comprising;

determining, independent of a present operating condition of said microprocessor, a desirable operating frequency for the microprocessor integrated circuit;

accessing information specific to the microprocessor integrated circuit;

utilizing the information, computing an efficient voltage for operating the microprocessor integrated circuit at the desirable operating frequency;

commanding the voltage supply to furnish the efficient voltage to the microprocessor integrated circuit; and

operating the microprocessor integrated circuit at the efficient voltage.

17. The computer as described in claim 16 wherein the method further comprises operating the microprocessor integrated circuit at the desirable operating frequency.

18. The computer as described in claim 16 wherein the information comprises coefficients of a quadratic approximation of a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

19. An electronic device comprising:

a microprocessor comprising information stored thereon of a quadratic approximation of a voltage-frequency relationship of the microprocessor, wherein the information is specific to the microprocessor and used to select an efficient voltage to be applied to the microprocessor based on a desired frequency of operation of the microprocessor.

20. An electronic device as described in claim 19 further comprising logic coupled to the microprocessor for applying the efficient voltage and for causing the microprocessor to operate at the desired frequency of operation.

21. An electronic device as described in claim 19 wherein the information is stored in a plurality of programmable fuses integrated on the microprocessor.

22. An electronic device as described in claim 19 wherein the information is stored in a programmable memory integrated on the microprocessor.

23. An electronic device as described in claim 19 wherein the information is obtained after characterization of the microprocessor.

24. An electronic device as described in claim 19 wherein the information is programmed into the microprocessor at wafer level.

26. A method of operating a microprocessor comprising:

determining, independent of a present operating condition of said microprocessor, a desirable operating frequency for the microprocessor;

accessing information representing measurements of the microprocessor, wherein the information is encoded within the microprocessor;

utilizing the information, determining an efficient voltage for operating the microprocessor at the desirable operating frequency; and

operating the microprocessor at the efficient voltage.

27. The method of claim 26 wherein the information is encoded within the microprocessor prior to packaging of the microprocessor.

28. The method as described in claim 26 further comprising operating the microprocessor at the desirable operating frequency while operating at the efficient voltage.

29. The method as described in claim 26 wherein the information comprises coefficients of a quadratic approximation of a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

30. The method as described in claim 29 wherein the determining comprises evaluating the quadratic approximation of a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

31. The method as described in claim 26 wherein the information comprises a predicted maximum frequency of operation of the microprocessor.

32. The method as described in claim 31 wherein the determining comprises utilizing the predicted maximum frequency.

33. A microprocessor comprising:

means for determining, independent of a present operating condition of said microprocessor, a desirable operating frequency for the microprocessor;

means for accessing information representing measurements of the microprocessor, wherein the information is encoded within the microprocessor;

means for determining an efficient voltage for operating the microprocessor at the desirable operating frequency utilizing the information; and

means for operating the microprocessor at the efficient voltage.

34. The microprocessor of claim 33 wherein the information is encoded within the microprocessor prior to packaging of the microprocessor.

35. The microprocessor as described in claim 33 further comprising means for operating the microprocessor at the desirable operating frequency while operating at the efficient voltage.

36. The microprocessor as described in claim 33 wherein the information comprises coefficients of a quadratic approximation of a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

37. The microprocessor as described in claim 36 wherein the means for determining comprises evaluating the quadratic approximation of a frequency-voltage characteristic of the microprocessor.

38. The microprocessor as described in claim 33 wherein the information comprises a predicted maximum frequency of operation of the microprocessor.

39. The microprocessor as described in claim 38 wherein the means for determining comprises means for utilizing the predicted maximum frequency.