Process of photomorphogenically enhancing plants

• US 7,774,979 B2
• Filed: 08/08/2007
• Issued: 08/17/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 11/20/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: William E. Hurst
• Original Assignee: William E. Hurst
• Inventors: Hurst, William E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Swiatek; Rob
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hayes; Kristen C
• Application Number:
  US11/835,491
• Publication Number:
  US 20080120736A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,105 Days
• Field of Search: 47/17, 47/293, 47/581.LS, 522/045
• US Class Current: 47/58.1LS
• CPC Class Codes: A01G 7/045 with electric lighting
• CPC Class Codes: A01H 3/00 Processes for modifying phenotypes , e.g. symbiosis with bacteria A01H4/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A01H 4/008 Methods for regeneration to complete plants
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 60/14 Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Abstract

A process for photomorphogenically enhancing plants is presented wherein a natural or artificial light source emits light through a transmittive material. The material is optionally borosilicate glass with a steep edge situation at or near 280 nm so as to selectively filter out light in the UVC or low UVB regions. The glass allows high transmissibility such that as much as 98% of all light at or above the edge situation passes thorough the material. The percent transmission and edge situation may be defined by glass thickness or by combining multiple types of glass. The light is then contacted with a plant whereby a photomorphogenic response is elicited.

Claims

1. A process of radiating a plant with limited spectrum ultraviolet light to induce photomorphogenic growth comprising:

illuminating a light source to produce light with wavelengths extending between ultraviolet C (UVC) and infrared spectral regions;

maximizing ultraviolet B exposure and minimizing UVC exposure to light from said light source by transmitting the light from said light source through a single sheet of borosilicate glass having a thickness of between 1 and 10 millimeters, said single sheet of borosilicate glass being non-transmissive of at least 95% of the UVC and more permissive of remaining spectral regions, wherein said borosilicate glass has a point of inflection wavelength between 280 nanometers and 320 nanometers; and

exposing the plant to transmitted light to induce a photomorphogenic response induced by UVB exposure.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein said light source is sunlight or artificial light.

3. The process of claim 2 wherein said light source is artificial light selected from the group comprising:

high intensity discharge, fluorescent, metal halide, and high pressure sodium.

4. The process of claim 1 wherein said single sheet of borosilicate glass is doped with a metal oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of Li, Ti, Zn, Sb, and combinations thereof.

5. The process of claim 4 wherein said metal oxide is present between 0.1 and 10 total weight percent.

6. The process of claim 4 wherein said metal oxide comprises 0% to 5% by weight dilithium oxide, 0% to 2% titanium dioxide, 0% to 25% by weight ZnO, and 0% to 0.5% by weight Sb₂O₃, or combinations thereof present to at least 0.1% by weight.

7. The process of claim 4 wherein said borosilicate glass comprises between 0.1 and 10 total weight percent of a said metal oxide.

8. The process of claim 4 wherein said metal oxide is combination TiO₂ and Sb₂O₃ and said glass transmits greater than 50% of the light with a wavelength longer than the point of inflection wavelength.

9. The process of claim 1 further comprising at least one light transmittive glass wherein said light transmittive glass and said single sheet of borosilicate glass in combination transmit greater than 95% of all the light with wavelengths longer than the point of inflection wavelength.

10. The process of claim 9 wherein said light transmittive glass is greater than or equal to 1 millimeter thick.

11. The process of claim 9 wherein said light transmittive glass is between 1 millimeter and 10 millimeters thick.

12. The process of claim 9 wherein light transmittive glass is between 2 millimeters and 5 millimeters thick.

13. The process of claim 1 further comprising altering the photomorphogenic properties of said plant.

14. The process of claim 13 wherein said photomorphogenic property is selected from the group consisting of:

defense mechanisms against a pathogen attack, increased levels of UV activating genes, modified gene expression, thickening fruit skin, altering fruit flavor characteristics, increased production of flavonoids, increased fungal resistance, enhancing pigmentation, increased pigment production, essential oil output, resin output, decreased stem elongation, increased radial growth of flowers, altering architectural properties, post harvestability, increases or decreases in flower numbers, increases in thricome density, decreases in leaf area, altering production of terpenoid, alkaloid, phenolpropanoid or other economically valuable compounds such as pharmaceutics.

15. The process of claim 1 wherein said single sheet of borosilicate glass forms a ceiling panel of a greenhouse.

16. The process of claim 1 wherein said single sheet of borosilicate glass and said light source combine to form a bulb.