Mobile distributed antenna array for wireless communication

• US 7,777,674 B1
• Filed: 08/20/2008
• Issued: 08/17/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 08/20/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: L3 Technologies, Inc. (L3Harris Technologies, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: L-3 Communications Corporation (L3Harris Technologies, Inc.)
• Inventors: Jones, Timothy D., Haddadin, Osama S., Taylor-Rojas, Aurora
• Primary Examiner(s): PHAN, DAO LINDA
• Application Number:
  US12/195,043
• Time in Patent Office: 727 Days
• Field of Search: 342/81, 342/154, 342/157, 342/368, 342/372, 342/373, 455/456.1, 455/456.6
• US Class Current: 342/368
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/28 Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/28 Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems multiple beam H01Q25/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/01 varying the shape of the antenna or antenna system

Abstract

A mobile distributed antenna array can include a plurality of mobile platforms, each platform having at least one antenna element and radio equipment coupled to the at least one antenna element. The radio equipment can be capable of transmission, reception, or both of propagated radio signals. A control platform can be capable of communication with the mobile platforms to control movement of the mobile platforms to position the mobile platforms relative to each other to provide a desired array pattern.

Claims

1. A mobile distributed antenna array system for wireless communications comprising:

a plurality of mobile platforms, each mobile platform capable of controlled movement in three dimensions and comprising;

an antenna element, and

radio equipment coupled to the antenna element and capable of at least one of transmission and reception of a propagating radio signal via the antenna element; and

a control platform capable of communication with each of the plurality of mobile platforms to control of movement of the plurality of mobile platforms and position the mobile platforms relative to each other to achieve a desired array pattern relative to the propagating radio signal.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the control platform comprises:

a position control system configured to communicate with each one of the plurality of mobile platforms via a first communication link to control movement; and

an array control subsystem configured to communicate with each one of the mobile platforms via a second communication link to control at least one of phase and amplitude of the radio signal during the at least one of transmission and reception.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the radio equipment is configured to transmit radio signals and wherein the system further comprises:

a signal source in communication with each one of the plurality of mobile platforms to communicate a source signal to each one of the plurality of mobile platforms; and

wherein the plurality of mobile platforms transmits the source signal using a phase and amplitude under control of the control platform, wherein the combination of the phase, amplitude, and positions of the mobile platforms results in the desired array pattern for the propagating radio signal.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the radio equipment is configured to receive radio signals and wherein the system further comprises:

a signal combiner in communication with each one of the plurality of mobile platforms to communicate a received signal from each one of the plurality of mobile platforms; and

wherein the plurality of mobile platforms receives the propagating radio signal using a phase and amplitude under control of the control platform to form the received signal, wherein the combination of the phase, amplitude, and positions of the mobile platforms results in the desired array pattern for the propagating radio signal.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the control platform is an aerial vehicle.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the control platform is a ground vehicle.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein ones of the mobile platforms comprise an aerial vehicle.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein

the antenna element of each of the plurality of mobile platforms comprises a receive antenna and a transmit antenna;

and

the radio equipment of each of the plurality of mobile platforms comprises a power amplifier having an input coupled to the receive antenna and an output coupled to the transmit antenna.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the radio equipment of each of the plurality of mobile platforms comprises a signal processor.

37. The system of claim 1, wherein the control platform can position the mobile platforms relative to each other so that the propagating radio signal coherently combines across the antenna elements to form the desired antenna pattern.

10. A method of forming a distributed antenna array using a plurality of mobile elements comprising:

deploying a plurality of mobile elements, each mobile element having radio equipment disposed thereon;

transmitting or receiving a radio signal at ones of the plurality of mobile elements; and

controlling the movement of the plurality of mobile elements from a control platform so that radio signals transmitted or received from the plurality of mobile elements form a desired antenna pattern.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the deploying comprises releasing the plurality of mobile elements from the control platform, wherein the mobile elements are disposed on corresponding unmanned aerial vehicles.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting or receiving a radio signal comprises:

transmitting a first radio signal at a first one of the plurality of mobile elements; and

receiving a second radio signal at a second, differing one of the plurality of mobile elements.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting or receiving a radio signal comprises:

transmitting a first radio signal at each of the plurality of mobile elements; and

receiving a second radio signal at each of the plurality of mobile elements.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement comprises moving the plurality of mobile elements in three-dimensions relative to each other.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement comprises moving the plurality of mobile elements in three-dimensions relative to each other based on characteristics of the radio signal.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements so that transmitted radio signals coherently combine to form a peak in a first direction.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements so that transmitted radio signals coherently combine to form a null in a first direction.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements so that transmitted radio signals cover a desired geographic extent.

19. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements so that transmitted radio signals creates a plurality of resolvable multipath components, and further comprising transmitting data via the transmitted radio signals using multiple-input multiple-output processing techniques.

20. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting or receiving a radio signal comprises combining received radio signals to form a combined signal.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein controlling the movement comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements so that the combined signal has an antenna pattern peak in a first direction.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein controlling the movement comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements so that the combined signal has an antenna pattern a null in a first direction.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein controlling the movement comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements so that the combined signal contains a plurality of resolvable multipath components, and further comprising receiving data via the received radio signals using multiple-input multiple-output processing techniques.

24. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement of the plurality of mobile elements comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements to form a baseline for direction finding in a desired direction.

25. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement of the plurality of mobile elements comprises positioning the plurality of mobile elements so that received radio signals cover a desired geographic extent.

26. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting or receiving a radio signal comprises:

receiving a radio signal at a first one of the plurality of mobile elements;

transmitting a retransmitted radio signal from the first one of the plurality of mobile elements; and

receiving the retransmitted radio signal at a second one of the plurality of mobile elements.

27. The method of claim 10, wherein controlling the movement of the plurality of mobile elements comprises communicating control commands from the control platform to the plurality of mobile elements via a wireless link.

28. The method of claim 10, wherein transmitting or receiving a radio signal at ones of the plurality of mobile elements comprises communicating signals between the control platform and each of the plurality of mobile elements via a wireless link.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the communicating signals between the control platform and each of the plurality of mobile elements comprises using a different channel for each mobile element, wherein the channel is any of a frequency division multiple access channel, a time division multiple access channel, a code division multiple access channel, and combinations thereof.

30. The method of claim 10, further comprising varying a number of the plurality of mobile elements that have been deployed.

38. The method of claim 10, wherein the transmitting or receiving a radio signal comprises causing the radio signal(s) to coherently combine to form the desired antenna pattern.

31. A mobile distributed antenna array system for wireless communications comprising:

means for deploying a plurality of mobile elements into a three-dimensional space;

means for transmitting or receiving a radio signal disposed on each one of the plurality of mobile elements; and

means for controlling the movement of the plurality of mobile elements within the three-dimensional space so that the radio signals transmitted or received from the plurality of mobile elements form a desired antenna pattern.

32. The system of claim 31, further comprising means for coordinating at least one of amplitude and phase of the radio signal at each one of the plurality of mobile elements.

33. The system of claim 31, wherein ones of the plurality of mobile elements comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle.

34. The system of claim 31, further comprising a control platform, wherein the means for controlling is at least partially disposed on the control platform.

35. The system of claim 34, wherein the control platform comprises an aerial vehicle.

36. The system of claim 34, wherein the means for deploying a plurality of mobile elements further comprises means for varying a deployed number of mobile elements.

39. The system of claim 31, wherein the means for controlling comprising means for controlling the movement of the plurality of mobile of elements so that the radio signals transmitted or received from the plurality of mobile elements coherently combine to form the desired antenna pattern.