Vehicle with electric hybrid powering of external loads and engine-off capability

• US 7,779,616 B2
• Filed: 06/03/2008
• Issued: 08/24/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 06/03/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Deere & Company
• Original Assignee: Deere & Company
• Inventors: Finamore, Peter, Musser, James W., Sheidler, Alan D.
• Primary Examiner(s): PEZZUTO, ROBERT ERIC
• Application Number:
  US12/132,127
• Publication Number:
  US 20090294191A1
• Time in Patent Office: 812 Days
• Field of Search: 56/102.R, 56 102 A- 102 G, 56/1, 56/111, 56/113, 56/119, 172 2- 11, 373/48, 701/50, 701/207, 701/213, 701/208, 701/52, 701/53, 701/56, 701/98, 180/65.8, 180/65.2
• US Class Current: 56/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/48 Parallel type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/441 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/486 Operating parameters
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/30 including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/13 in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0604 Throttle position
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0628 Inlet air flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0638 Engine speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/16 Ratio selector position
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2200/222 Harvesters
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2200/41 Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2300/476 Regeneration of particle filters
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2400/214 by power from domestic supply, e.g. plug in supplies
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2400/435 Supercharger or turbochargers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 60/14 Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

A vehicle includes a power unit mechanically couplable with one or more primary loads, including a propulsion load. At least one electrical storage device has an electrical output which is couplable with at least one external load over a drive period of time. Each external load is distinct from the one or more primary loads. A generator is mechanically couplable with the power unit and electrically couplable with the at least one electrical storage device. The generator has an electrical charging output to the at least one electrical storage device. At least one electrical processing circuit is configured for selectively coupling the at least one electrical storage device with one or more external loads. The at least one electrical processing circuit is also configured for selectively coupling the generator with the at least one electrical storage device over a charging period of time. The charging output and the charging period of time are dependent upon the electrical output from the at least one electrical storage device and the drive period of time.

Claims

1. A vehicle, comprising:

a power unit mechanically couplable with at least one primary load, said at least one primary load including a propulsion load;

at least one electrical storage device having an electrical output which is couplable with at least one external load over a drive period of time, each said external load being distinct from said at least one primary load;

a generator which is mechanically couplable with said power unit and electrically couplable with said at least one electrical storage device, said generator having an electrical charging output to said at least one electrical storage device; and

at least one electrical processing circuit configured for selectively coupling said at least one electrical storage device with at least one said external load, and for selectively coupling said generator with said at least one electrical storage device over a charging period of time, said charging output and said charging period of time being dependent upon said electrical output from said at least one electrical storage device and said drive period of time.

2. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit selectively controls said charging output and said charging period of time from said generator, dependent upon an average duty cycle of said at least one external load.

3. The vehicle of claim 1, including a detector for monitoring power consumption over time from said at least one electrical storage device, and wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit selectively controls said charging output and said charging period of time from said generator, dependent upon said power consumption over time.

4. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit selectively couples said generator with said at least one electrical storage device such that a total charging amp*hours from said generator approximates a total drive amp*hours from said at least one electrical storage device.

5. The vehicle of claim 3, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit can vary at least one of said charging output and said charging period of time to vary said total charging amp*hours.

6. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit is configured for selectively coupling said at least one electrical storage device with at least one said external load while said power unit is in an OFF state.

7. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit can selectively operate said generator to directly power at least one said external load.

8. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein each said external load corresponds to one of an auxiliary load and a parasitic load.

9. The vehicle of claim 8, wherein said power unit is coupled with a drive train and each said primary load is driven by said drive train, each said auxiliary load being a non-drivetrain load with operator intervention, and each said parasitic load being a non-drivetrain load without operator intervention.

10. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit includes a vehicle control unit (VCU) and a transmission control unit (TCU), said VCU controlling operation of at least one said auxiliary load.

11. The vehicle of claim 9, wherein said vehicle is an agricultural combine, and said at least one auxiliary load corresponds to at least one of:

a clean grain unloading system;

a heating and air conditioning system;

a reel drive;

a cleaning shoe drive;

an air compressor for cleanout function;

a vehicle lighting system;

a cleaning fan drive;

a cutterbar/auger drive;

a chaff spreader;

a clean grain elevator; and

an auxiliary electrical power outlet.

12. The vehicle of claim 8, wherein said vehicle is an agricultural combine, and said at least one auxiliary load includes a clean grain unloading auger driven by an electric motor.

13. The vehicle of claim 12, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit controls operation of said unloading auger with a variable operating speed.

14. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein said variable operating speed of said unloading auger is dependent upon one of time and an operating parameter associated with an unloading operation.

15. The vehicle of claim 14, wherein said operating parameter includes at least one of:

a sensed level of grain in a clean grain tank;

a material level of a container to which the grain is transferred;

a start up condition of said unloading auger;

a type of grain being augered through said unloading auger.

16. The vehicle of claim 15, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit is configured to speed up said variable operating speed of said unloading auger as the sensed material level within the container approaches a full level.

17. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein said material level of said container is determined by one of a sensor and an operator input.

18. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit is configured to at least one of slow down and stop said variable operating speed of said unloading auger as the material level within the container approaches a full level.

19. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit ramps up said variable operating speed of said unloading auger at said start up condition.

20. The vehicle of claim 13, wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit alters a forward speed and a reverse speed of said motor at a start up condition to loosen any stationary material attached to said unloading auger.

21. The vehicle of claim 13, including a DC-to-AC inverter coupled between said at least one electrical storage device and said electric motor, and wherein said at least one electrical processing circuit varies said operating speed dependent upon a feedback current from said inverter.

22. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said vehicle is an agricultural harvester, and said at least one primary load includes a threshing system load.

23. The vehicle of claim 22, wherein said agricultural harvester is an agricultural combine, and said threshing system load corresponds to at least one of:

a cutting platform;

a header;

a feederhousing;

a rotor;

a separator; and

a residue chopper.

24. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said power unit is an internal combustion (IC) engine.

25. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said generator is configured as an integral motor/generator, and said at least one electrical processing circuit is configured for selectively operating said motor/generator as a motor, and selectively coupling and thereby driving said motor with said at least one electrical storage device.

26. The vehicle of claim 25, wherein said motor can selectively transfer mechanical power back to a drivetrain coupled with said power unit.

27. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said at least one electrical storage device comprises at least one of:

at least one battery and at least one capacitor.

28. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein said vehicle is a work machine in the form of a construction work machine, an agricultural work machine, a forestry work machine, a mining work machine, and an industrial work machine.

29. A method of operating a vehicle, comprising the steps of:

mechanically driving at least one primary load with a power unit, said at least one primary load including a propulsion load;

mechanically driving an electrical generator using said power unit;

electrically powering at least one external load using at least one electrical storage device, each said external load being distinct from said at least one primary load; and

controlling said generator to charge said at least one electrical storage device, said controlling step including selectively controlling a charging output and a charging period of time from said generator, dependent upon an average duty cycle of said at least one external load.

30. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 29, including the step of monitoring power consumption over time from said at least one electrical storage device, and wherein said controlling step includes selectively controlling a charging output and a charging period of time from said generator, dependent upon said power consumption over time.

31. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 30, wherein said controlling step includes varying at least one of said charging output and said charging period of time to vary said total charging amp*hours.

32. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 29, wherein said electrically powering step is carried out while said power unit is in an OFF state.

33. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 29, wherein said generator may be selectively operated to directly power at least one said external load.

34. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 29, wherein said vehicle is an agricultural combine, and said at least one auxiliary load includes a clean grain unloading auger driven by an electric motor, and wherein said electrically powering step includes operating said unloading auger with a variable operating speed.

35. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 34, wherein said variable operating speed of said unloading auger is dependent upon one of time and an operating parameter associated with an unloading operation.

36. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 29, wherein said generator is configured as an integral motor/generator, and including the steps of:

selectively operating said motor/generator as a motor, and selectively coupling and thereby driving said motor with said at least one electrical storage device.

37. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 36, including the step of selectively transferring mechanical power back to a drivetrain coupled with said power unit.

38. A method of operating a work machine, comprising the steps of:

mechanically driving at least one primary load with a power unit, said at least one primary load including a propulsion load;

mechanically driving an electrical generator using said power unit, said generator having an electrical charging output;

electrically powering at least one external load using an electrical output from at least one electrical storage device over a drive period of time, each said external load being distinct from said at least one primary load; and

controlling said generator to charge said at least one electrical storage device over a charging period of time, said charging output and said charging period of time being dependent upon said electrical output from said at least one electrical storage device and said drive period of time.

39. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 38, wherein said controlling step includes selectively controlling a charging output and a charging period of time from said generator, dependent upon an average duty cycle of said at least one external load.

40. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 38, including the step of monitoring power consumption over time from said at least one electrical storage device, and wherein said controlling step includes selectively controlling a charging output and a charging period of time from said generator, dependent upon said power consumption over time.

41. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 40, wherein said controlling step includes varying at least one of said charging output and said charging period of time to vary said total charging amp*hours.

42. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 38, wherein said electrically powering step is carried out while said power unit is in an OFF state.

43. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 38, wherein said generator may be selectively operated to directly power at least one said external load.

44. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 38, wherein said vehicle is an agricultural combine, and said at least one auxiliary load includes a clean grain unloading auger driven by an electric motor, and wherein said electrically powering step includes operating said unloading auger with a variable operating speed.

45. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 44, wherein said variable operating speed of said unloading auger is dependent upon one of time and an operating parameter associated with an unloading operation.

46. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 38, wherein said generator is configured as an integral motor/generator, and including the steps of:

selectively operating said motor/generator as a motor, and selectively coupling and thereby driving said motor with said at least one electrical storage device.

47. The method of operating a vehicle of claim 46, including the step of selectively transferring mechanical power back to a drivetrain coupled with said power unit.