System and method for varying response amplitude of radio transponders

• US 7,791,453 B2
• Filed: 11/21/2006
• Issued: 09/07/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Friedman, Daniel J., Chen, Han, Moskowitz, Paul A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Holloway, III; Edwin C
• Application Number:
  US11/562,355
• Publication Number:
  US 20080238630A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,386 Days
• Field of Search: 340/10.1, 340/10.2, 340/10.3, 340/10.33, 340/10.34, 340/10.5, 340/572.1, 340/825.49, 340/539.13
• US Class Current: 340/10.2
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0701 at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 13/2417 having a radio frequency identification chip

Abstract

A system and method are provided for modifying the effective reading range of an radio frequency identification tag. The tag, a chip based tag, includes an antenna and a chip in communication with the antenna. The chip includes circuitry including field effect transistors that can modify the effective reading range of the tag by modifying characteristics of the tag including the modulation depth of the backscatter signal, the impedance characteristics of the tag front end electronics, the power consumption characteristics and the threshold power-on voltage of the tag. These characteristics are change either temporarily or permanently in response to commands communicated to the tag from a radio frequency identification reader.

Claims

1. A method for locating an object using a radio frequency identification system, the method comprising:

communicating at least one interrogation signal to a chip-based radio frequency identification tag comprising an antenna and a chip in communication with the antenna;

transmitting at least one response signal from the radio frequency identification tag to each one of a plurality of radio frequency identification readers;

reducing an effective reading range of the transmitted response signal over time by controlling the amplitude of backwater radiation that the radio frequency identification tag, uses to communicate with the radio frequency identification readers;

identifying a minimum effective reading range of the transmitted response signal for each one of the plurality of radio frequency identification readers; and

determining a location of the radio frequency identification tag based upon the identified minimum effective reading ranges.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the location further comprises:

communicating an interrogation signal to each one of a plurality of chip-based radio frequency identification calibration tags comprising an antenna and a chip in communication with the antenna, each calibration tag located as known distance from each one of the plurality of radio frequency identification readers;

transmitting a response signal from the calibration tags tag to each one of a plurality of radio frequency identification readers;

reducing an effective reading range of the transmitted response signals over time;

identifying a minimum effective reading range of the transmitted response signal for each calibration tag and radio frequency identification reader;

associating the effective reading range between each calibration tag and radio frequency identification reader with the known distance; and

using the associations between effective reading ranges and distances to deter nine the location of the radio frequency identification tag.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of reducing the effective reading range further comprises reducing a modulation depth of a backscatter signal transmitted by the radio frequency identification tag in response to an interrogation signal from the radio frequency identification reader.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of reducing the modulation depth further comprises:

modulating impedance values between the antenna and the chip between two modulation states; and

limiting impedance difference between the two modulation states.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of reducing the effective reading range further comprises modifying impedance characteristics of front end electronics in the chip.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of reducing the effective reading range further comprises modifying power consumption characteristics of the radio frequency identification tag.

7. The method of claim 6, further wherein the step of modifying power consumption characteristics further comprises incorporating an additional power drain in a power path of the tag.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of incorporating an additional power drain further comprises using a field-effect transistor to increase tag power consumption.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of reducing the effective reading range further comprises modifying a level of incident power sufficient to operate the chip in the tag.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of modifying the level of incident power further comprises changing a threshold voltage of a power-on reset circuit capable of activating circuitry in the chip.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of reducing the effective reading range further comprising modifying electrical characteristics of front end electronics in the chip of the radio frequency identification tag.