Power amplifier efficiency using error estimate and data rate

• US 7,792,505 B2
• Filed: 01/29/2007
• Issued: 09/07/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 01/29/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Mueller, Peter D, Daniels, Melanie
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Lee
• Application Number:
  US11/699,096
• Publication Number:
  US 20080182530A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,317 Days
• Field of Search: 455/126, 4551271-1273, 370/208, 370/319, 370/344, 375/296, 375/297
• US Class Current: 455/126
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/3042 in modulators, frequency-changers, transmitters or power amplifiers transmission power control in bidirectional transmission systems H04W52/04

Abstract

A method of adjusting a power amplifier may include producing a power measure of an output signal of the power amplifier and estimating an estimated transmission error of the output signal from the power measure. The estimated transmission error may be compared with a maximum error that is associated with a data rate of the output signal. A bias voltage that is input to the power amplifier may be decreased if the comparing determines that the estimated transmission error is less than the maximum error.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wirelessly transmitting data, comprising:

a source of data to produce an input signal having an associated data rate;

a variable bias circuit to generate a bias voltage;

a power amplifier connected to the source and the variable bias circuit to amplify the input signal based on the bias voltage to produce an output signal;

a power detector to generate a power measure of the output signal; and

a processor connected to the power detector and the variable bias circuit to selectively control the variable bias circuit to lower the bias voltage based on the power measure and the data rate of the input signal, wherein the processor is arranged to estimate a transmission error measure from the power measure and wherein the processor is further arranged to compare the transmission error measure with a maximum allowable error that is associated with the data rate of the input signal, and to control the variable bias circuit to lower the bias voltage if the transmission error measure is lower than the maximum allowable error.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

an antenna connected to the power amplifier to transmit the output signal.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmission error measure is a relative constellation error or an error vector magnitude, and

wherein the power measure is a peak to average power ratio.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is arranged to estimate a transmission error measure by performing an arithmetic operation on the power measure.

5. A method of adjusting a power amplifier, comprising:

producing a power measure of an output signal of the power amplifier;

estimating an estimated transmission error of the output signal from the power measure;

comparing the estimated transmission error with a maximum error that is associated with a data rate of the output signal; and

decreasing a bias voltage input to the power amplifier if the comparing determines that the estimated transmission error is less than the maximum error.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

inputting an initial bias voltage to the power amplifier before the producing.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

repeating the producing a power measure, the estimating an estimated transmission error, and the comparing the estimated transmission error after decreasing the bias voltage.

8. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

transmitting the output signal from an antenna.

9. The method of claim 5, wherein the estimated transmission error is a relative constellation error or an error vector magnitude, and

wherein the power measure is a peak to average power ratio.

10. The method of claim 5, wherein the estimating includes:

multiplying the power measure by a scaling factor or looking up the estimated transmission error in a table using the power measure.

11. The method of claim 5, wherein the comparing includes:

determining whether the estimated transmission error is less than and not within a predetermined range of the maximum error.

12. A method of increasing efficiency of a power amplifier, comprising:

measuring a peak to average power ratio of an output signal of the power amplifier;

determining a data rate of the output signal;

calculating an estimated error based on the peak to average power ratio; and

adjusting a linearity of the power amplifier based on both the peak to average power ratio and the data rate.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

obtaining a maximum allowable error based on the data rate.

14. The method of claim 12, wherein the estimated error includes a relative constellation error or an error vector magnitude.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein the adjusting includes:

decreasing the linearity of the power amplifier when the estimated error is substantially less than the maximum allowable error.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the decreasing includes:

lowering a control voltage input to the power amplifier.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein the calculating includes:

scaling the peak to average power ratio by a constant, or

applying an arithmetic function to the peak to average power ratio.