Minimally invasive joint implant with 3-dimensional geometry matching the articular surfaces
DCFirst Claim
1. An articular implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of each of the first and second surfaces of the implant has a three-dimensional shape that substantially conforms with or duplicates the shape of the first articular surface so as to have at least one of a convexity and a concavity on the first and second surfaces of the implant, wherein movement of the implant in the joint is limited without an attachment mechanism.
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Abstract
This invention is directed to orthopedic implants and systems. The invention also relates to methods of implant design, manufacture, modeling and implantation as well as to surgical tools and kits used therewith. The implants are designed by analyzing the articular surface to be corrected and creating a device with an anatomic or near anatomic fit; or selecting a pre-designed implant having characteristics that give the implant the best fit to the existing defect.
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Citations
84 Claims
- 1. An articular implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of each of the first and second surfaces of the implant has a three-dimensional shape that substantially conforms with or duplicates the shape of the first articular surface so as to have at least one of a convexity and a concavity on the first and second surfaces of the implant, wherein movement of the implant in the joint is limited without an attachment mechanism.
- 65. An articular implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of each of the first and second surfaces of the implant has a three-dimensional shape that substantially conforms with or duplicates the shape of the first articular surface so as to have at least one of a convexity and a concavity on the first and second surfaces of the implant, the first articular surface being one of a substantially uncut articular cartilage surface and a substantially uncut subchondral bone surface, wherein the implant has a plurality of components, and wherein a first component of the plurality of components engages a second component of the plurality of components in at least one of slideably and rotatably.
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76. A method of making an implant suitable for a joint, the method comprising the steps of:
- determining three-dimensional shapes of one or more articular surfaces of the joint; and
producing an implant having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the first surface and second surface of the implant oppose a first and second articular surface of the joint, respectively, and further wherein at least a portion of each of the first and second surfaces of the implant substantially conforms with or duplicates the three-dimensional shape of the first articular surface so as to have a plurality of convexities and a plurality of concavities on the first and second surfaces of the implant, wherein movement of the implant in the joint is limited without an attachment mechanism. - View Dependent Claims (77, 78)
- determining three-dimensional shapes of one or more articular surfaces of the joint; and
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79. A cartilage conforming implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of each of the first and second surfaces of the implant has a three-dimensional shape that substantially conforms with or duplicates the shape of cartilage on the first articular surface so as to have a plurality of convexities and a plurality of concavities on the first and second surfaces of the implant, wherein movement of the implant in the joint is limited without an attachment mechanism.
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80. A subchondral bone conforming implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of each of the first and second surfaces of the implant has a three-dimensional shape that substantially conforms with or duplicates the shape of subchondral bone on the first articular surface so as to have a plurality of convexities and a plurality of concavities on the first and second surfaces of the implant, wherein movement of the implant in the joint is limited without an attachment mechanism.
- 81. An articular implant having a first surface and a second surface wherein the first surface opposes a first articular surface of a joint and the second surface opposes a second articular surface of the joint and further wherein at least a portion of each of the first and second surfaces of the implant has a three-dimensional shape that substantially conforms with or duplicates the shape of the first articular surface so as to have at least one of a convexity and a concavity on the first and second surfaces of the implant, the first articular surface being one of substantially uncut cartilage and substantially uncut bone.
Specification