Controlling neuromodulation using stimulus modalities

• US 7,801,601 B2
• Filed: 01/27/2006
• Issued: 09/21/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 01/27/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: LivaNova USA, Inc. (LivaNova Plc)
• Original Assignee: Cyberonics, Inc
• Inventors: Thompson, David, Maschino, Steven E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Layno; Carl H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gedeon; Brian T
• Application Number:
  US11/341,956
• Publication Number:
  US 20070179557A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,698 Days
• Field of Search: 607/45, 607/2, 607/46
• US Class Current: 607/2
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0529 Electrodes for brain stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0531 Brain cortex electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0534 Electrodes for deep brain stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36071 Pain
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36082 Cognitive or psychiatric applications, e.g. dementia or Alzheimer's disease
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2/008 for pain treatment or analgesia

Abstract

A method, apparatus, and system for affecting neuromodulation based upon an evoking signal applied to a patient'"'"'s body. An internal and/or external evoking and/or therapeutic signal is applied to a first target portion of a patient'"'"'s body. Data relating to a physiological response resulting from the internal and/or external evoking and/or therapeutic signal is received. A neurotransmission characteristic of the patient'"'"'s body is determined based upon the data relating to the physiological response. At least one parameter defining an electrical therapeutic signal provided by an implantable medical device is controlled based upon the determined neurotransmission characteristic to treat a disorder.

Claims

1. A method for affecting a neuromodulation therapy based upon an external evoking signal applied to a patient'"'"'s body, comprising:

applying an external evoking signal to a first target portion of a patient'"'"'s body;

receiving data relating to a physiological response resulting from applying said external evoking signal to the patient'"'"'s body;

determining a neurotransmission characteristic of said patient'"'"'s body based upon said data relating to the physiological response; and

controlling at least one parameter defining a therapeutic electrical stimulation signal provided by an implantable medical device based upon said neurotransmission characteristic to treat a disorder.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving said data relating to a physiological response resulting from applying said external evoking signal comprises sensing a physiological response to said external evoking signal.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein applying an external evoking signal to a first target portion of a patient'"'"'s body comprises providing at least one of a transcranial magnetic stimulation, a transcranial electrical stimulation, and a delivery of an electrical signal to a neural structure.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein applying an external evoking signal to a first target portion of a patient'"'"'s body comprises delivering said external evoking signal to at least one of:

a cervical nerve selected from a group consisting of a greater occipital nerve and a lesser occipital nerve, and

a cranial nerve.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said neurotransmission characteristic is selected from the group consisting of a time delay between delivery of the external evoking signal and the physiological response, the magnitude of a physiological response signal, a frequency of a physiological response signal, a conduction velocity of a physiological response signal, a physiological response signal latency, a spectral analysis characteristic of a physiological response signal, an onset latency, an interpeak latency, a signal morphology, a signal polarity, and a signal dispersion.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling at least one parameter defining said therapeutic electrical stimulation signal provided by an implantable medical device comprises controlling a parameter selected from a group consisting of a pulse width, a polarity, a pulse frequency, a current or voltage amplitude an on-time, an off-time, and a phase characteristic, wherein said parameter is selected to treat the disorder.

7. A method for affecting a neuromodulation therapy based upon an external evoking signal applied to a patient'"'"'s body, comprising:

applying an external evoking signal to a first target portion of a patient'"'"'s body;

receiving data relating to a physiological response resulting from applying said external evoking signal to the patient'"'"'s body;

determining a neurotransmission characteristic of said patient'"'"'s body based upon said data relating to the physiological response; and

determining at least one of a cranial nerve location and a cervical nerve location at which to couple an electrode for delivering a therapeutic electrical stimulation signal based on said neurotransmission characteristic.

8. A method for identification of a patient as a candidate for a neurostimulation therapy based upon an external evoking signal applied to the patient'"'"'s body, comprising:

applying an external evoking signal to a first target portion of a patient'"'"'s body;

receiving data relating to a physiological response resulting from applying said external evoking signal to the patient'"'"'s body;

determining a neurotransmission characteristic of said patient'"'"'s body based upon said data relating to the physiological response; and

determining whether said patient is a potential candidate for a neurostimulation therapy based on said neurotransmission characteristic.

9. A method for controlling a therapeutic stimulation signal provided by an implantable medical device based upon an external signal applied to the patient'"'"'s body, comprising:

applying a first signal to a portion of a patient'"'"'s body from a source external to said implantable medical device;

receiving data relating to a physiological response resulting from said first signal;

determining a neurotransmission characteristic of said patient'"'"'s body based upon said data relating to said physiological response; and

adjusting at least one parameter defining a therapeutic stimulation signal provided by said implantable medical device based upon said neurotransmission characteristic to treat a disorder.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein providing said first stimulation signal to said portion of the patient'"'"'s body comprises providing at least one of a transcranial magnetic stimulation, a transcranial electrical stimulation, and a delivery of a neurostimulation signal selected from the group consisting of a deep brain stimulation, a cranial nerve stimulation, and a spinal cord stimulation.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein determining said neurotransmission characteristic of said patient'"'"'s body comprises determining a characteristic selected from the group consisting of a time delay between delivery of a said first signal and a physiological response, the magnitude of a physiological response signal, a frequency of a physiological response signal, a conduction velocity of a physiological response signal, a physiological response signal latency, a spectral analysis characteristic of a physiological response signal, an onset latency, an interpeak latency, a signal morphology, a signal polarity, and a signal dispersion.

12. A medical device system for providing a neurostimulation therapy, comprising:

at least one external stimulation system for delivering a first external evoking signal to a first portion of a patient'"'"'s body; and

at least one implantable medical device (IMD) for delivering a therapeutic electrical signal to a second portion of said patient'"'"'s body, wherein said IMD comprises a controller to receive data relating to a physiological response resulting from said first external evoking signal, the controller to also determine a neurotransmission characteristic of said patient'"'"'s body based upon said data relating to the physiological response, and to control at least one parameter defining said therapeutic electrical signal based upon said neurotransmission characteristic to treat a disorder.

13. The medical device system of claim 12, further comprising:

at least one electrode operatively coupled to said IMD and to said second portion of the patient'"'"'s body, said electrode to deliver said therapeutic electrical signal; and

at least one device communicatively coupled to said IMD and to said external stimulation system, said device to receive said data relating to a physiological response resulting from said external stimulation system and provide said data to said IMD.

14. The medical device system of claim 12, wherein said external stimulation system comprises:

a transcranial stimulation system for delivering at least one of an electrical evoking signal and a magnetic evoking signal to said first portion of said patient'"'"'s body; and

a sensor for detecting said physiological response.

15. The medical device system of claim 12, wherein said first portion of said patient'"'"'s body is a portion selected from a group consisting of the head, the face, and the neck of the patient.