Methods of displaying volumetric 3D images

• US 7,804,500 B2
• Filed: 07/25/2005
• Issued: 09/28/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 07/26/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Che-Chih Tsao
• Original Assignee: Che-Chih Tsao
• Inventors: Tsao, Che-Chih
• Primary Examiner(s): Mengistu; Amare
• Assistant Examiner(s): Guertin; Aaron M
• Application Number:
  US11/188,409
• Publication Number:
  US 20060017727A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,891 Days
• Field of Search: 345/6, 345/13, 345/14, 345/16, 345/31, 345/32, 345/72, 345/84, 345/201, 345/339, 345/340, 345342-345, 345/348, 345/355, 345/358, 345/419, 345/420, 345424-430, 345/433, 345/435, 345/438, 345/439, 345/473, 345/976, 345/977, 345/589, 348/42, 348/51, 348/52, 359/212, 359/478, 359/629, 359/865, 395/119, 395/120, 395125-129, 382/285, 382/286, 382/287, 382/154, 382/276
• US Class Current: 345/427
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/388 Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume

Abstract

This invention describes methods of displaying both physiological and psychological depth cues in a volumetric image display. This added psychological visual depth can display a background image of infinite depth. The basic concept is to combine a skewed coordinate system with a 2D image plane and display the V3D object as a V3D image according to the skewed 3D coordinates if the object falls in the physical 3D space, but display the object as a 2D perspective image if it falls beyond the 3D space into the 2D plane'"'"'s virtual space.

Claims

1. Method of using a volumetric 3D display to display 3D data defined in a continuous space in order to display both physiological and psychological depth cues and a background image capable of infinite depth said volumetric 3D display being a type of display that displays 3D images in a display volume in real 3D space, the method including steps of:

(1) defining a skewed space and a 2D image plane, said skewed space being a 3D space with a skewed coordinate system, said 2D image plane and at least part of said skewed space being inside said display volume, said skewed coordinate presenting an orthogonal 3D space with skewed dimensions such that unit length on one end of said skewed space appears longer than a unit length on the other end of said skewed s pace, thereby providing, additional psychological depth cues;

(2) defining a virtual space with a 3D virtual coordinate system inside said 2D image plane, said 3D virtual coordinate system and said skewed coordinate system connecting at said 2D image plane, thereby extending psychological depth cues from said skewed space into said 2D image plane;

(3) mapping the coordinate system of a part of said continuous space to said skewed coordinate system of said skewed space, naming this part of said continuous space as the first part of said continuous space;

(4) mapping the coordinate system of the remaining part of said continuous space to said virtual 3D coordinate system of said virtual space in said 2D image plane;

(5) displaying the part of said 3D data located within the first part of said continuous space in said skewed space according to the mapping of coordinate systems between said first part of said continuous space and said skewed space;

(6) displaying the part of said 3D data located within the remaining part of the continuous space as perspective images in said 2D image plane according to the mapping of coordinate systems between said remaining part of said continuous space and said virtual space.

2. Method of claim 1, wherein the step(3) including steps of:

selecting an eye location in said continuous space, said eye location also corresponding to a location at a distance from said 2D image plane;

defining a reference plane in said continuous space and determining a reference location of said reference plane, said reference plane appearing just fitting in said 2D image plane when viewed from said eye location said continuous space thereby being divided into two portions by a plane on which said reference plane resides, one portion being closer to said eye location while the other portion being farther from said eye location, said first part of said continuous space being defined within the portion that is closer to said eye location;

the mapping of coordinate systems described in the step (3) and the step (4) of claim 1 being based on trigonometry using said eye location as the origin.

3. Method of claim 1, wherein the step (6) including a step of rendering said perspective image as a bitmap and a step of rendering said 2D image plane with said bitmap by texture mapping.

4. Method of claim 1, wherein said volumetric 3D display comprising a moving display surface that displays and distributes image frames that form volumetric 3D images, said 2D image plane being located near and parallel to one of said image frames.

5. Method of claim 4, wherein said moving display surface revolving about an axis and sweeping said display volume while always keeping the display surface facing a fixed direction, said 2D image plane being located near top or bottom of said display volume, the method further including a step of generating on said display surface an additional number of image frames to be superimposed to form said 2D image plane.

6. Method of claim 5, wherein the displayed time periods of said additional number of image frames having a predefined ratio, said additional number of image frames forming levels of gray scale or color on said 2D image plane by the principle of pulse-width modulation.

7. Method of claim 4, further including a step of generating images for said 2D image plane by a separate projector means.

8. Method of claim 7, further including a step of using a switchable reflector to guide the projection beam from said projector means to said display surface.

9. Method of claim 1, further including a step of defining at least one additional skewed space with a skewed coordinate system and at least one additional 2D image plane in said display volume and the steps of mapping to and displaying in the additional set of skewed space and 2D image plane, said additional set of skewed space and 2D image plane connecting to the original set of skewed space and 2D image plane to cover a wide angle of view.

10. Method of using a volumetric 3D display to display 3D data defined in a continuous space in order to display both physiological and psychological depth cues and a background image capable of infinite depth, said volumetric 3D display being a type of display that displays 3D images in a display volume in real 3D space, the method including:

combining a skewed coordinate system with a 2D image plane in said display volume, said skewed coordinate system presenting an orthogonal 3D space with skewed dimensions such that a unit length on one end of a physical 3D space appears longer than a unit length on the other end of said physical 3D space, thereby providing additional psychological depth cues, said 2D image plane displaying images according to a virtual 3D coordinate system, said virtual 3D coordinate system and said skewed coordinate system connecting at said 2D image plane, thereby extending psychological depth cues from said physical space into said 2D image plane;

displaying a volumetric 3D object as a volumetric 3D image according to said skewed coordinates if the object falls in said physical 3D space, but displaying the object as a 2D perspective image according to said virtual 3D coordinates on said 2D image plane if the object falls beyond said physical 3D space.