Two wire oscillator system for determining body impedance

• US 7,809,436 B2
• Filed: 11/23/2005
• Issued: 10/05/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Measurement Ltd (Measurement Ltd., Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Measurement Ltd (Measurement Ltd., Inc.)
• Inventors: Petrucelli, Steven
• Primary Examiner(s): Hindenburg; Max
• Assistant Examiner(s): Stout; Michael C
• Application Number:
  US11/286,955
• Publication Number:
  US 20060111645A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,777 Days
• Field of Search: 600/547
• US Class Current: 600/547
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/053 Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body

Abstract

An apparatus for determining body impedance comprising: first and second electrodes suitable for being electrically coupled to the body; and a variable frequency relaxation oscillator coupled to the electrodes; wherein, the period of oscillation is indicative of the body impedance.

Claims

1. An apparatus for determining body impedance comprising:

first and second electrodes adapted for being electrically coupled to a body;

a variable frequency relaxation oscillator circuit electrically coupled to said electrodes; and

at least one resistor coupled across said electrodes, said at least one resistor coupled in parallel with the body,

wherein, the period of oscillation of said variable frequency relaxation oscillator circuit is indicative of the body impedance,

wherein the oscillator circuit comprises at least one amplifier, and

wherein the electrodes at least partially define a negative feedback network for said amplifier.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first of said electrodes is resistively coupled to an output terminal of said amplifier.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second of said electrodes is coupled to common through at least one capacitor and is shorted to an inverting input terminal of said amplifier.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a positive feedback network comprising a resistor electrically coupled between said amplifier output terminal and a non-inverting input terminal of said amplifier.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein when biased and coupled to the body, said at least one capacitor charges and discharges exponentially through said electrodes with respect to said amplifier non-inverting input terminal.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one resistor is at least two hundred kilo-ohms.

7. A method for measuring an impedance of a body, comprising:

electrically coupling first and second electrodes to the body;

electrically coupling at least one resistor across said first and second electrodes, said at least one resistor coupled in parallel with the body;

electrically biasing a variable frequency relaxation oscillator having both a negative feedback network comprising said electrodes, and a positive resistive feedback network; and

measuring the period of oscillation of said variable frequency oscillator, wherein the measured period of oscillation is indicative of the impedance of the body.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the measured period of oscillation is proportional to the impedance of the body.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the oscillator comprises at least one operational amplifier.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first of said electrodes is resistively coupled to an output terminal of said operational amplifier.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the second of said electrodes is coupled to common through at least one capacitor and is shorted to an inverting input terminal of said operational amplifier.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein said at least one capacitor charges and discharges exponentially through said electrodes with respect to an operational amplifier non-inverting input terminal.