Control systems and methods for virtual power plants

• US 7,813,814 B2
• Filed: 09/29/2006
• Issued: 10/12/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/29/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: SAP SE
• Original Assignee: SAP AG (SAP SE)
• Inventors: Dittes, Uwe
• Primary Examiner(s): DeCady; Albert
• Assistant Examiner(s): Stevens; Thomas H
• Application Number:
  US11/529,739
• Publication Number:
  US 20080188955A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,474 Days
• Field of Search: 700/2, 700/200, 700/291, 700/19, 705/412, 705/80, 705/37
• US Class Current: 700/2
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 17/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/04 Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2203/20 Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/00 Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/50 Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/20 Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Abstract

Systems and methods for the control of distributed systems are presented, particularly virtual power plants. Control software therefore communicates through an interface with decentralized devices. Modules are provided to formulate strategies based on predicted demand for the system, for controlling individual system devices, for system evaluation, for accounting purposes and to provide a user interface.

Claims

1. A distributed generation system, comprising:

a first power generation unit, the first power generation unit comprising a first control interface, the first control interface configured to control a power generation of the first power generation unit, the first power generation unit being a structure able to generate power;

a second power generation unit, the second power generation unit comprising a second control interface, the second control interface configure to control a power generation of the second power generation unit, the second power generation unit being another structure able to generate power;

a central controller comprising a strategy module and a control module, the central controller is configured to communicate a first control command to the first control interface and to communicate a second control command to the second control interface; and

the strategy module is configure to determine a first power output of the first power generation unit and a second power output of the second power generation unit based on a tariff structure, a first unit capacity, a second unit capacity, a first unit availability and a second unit availability, the first power output of the first power generation unit being a first targeted power production level of the first power generation unit and the second power output of the second power generation unit being a second targeted power production level of the second power generation unit, the first unit availability being based on whether the first power generation unit may be utilized to produce power and the second unit availability being based on whether the second power generation unit may be utilized to produce power;

wherein the first control command is based on the first power output of the first power generation unit;

wherein the second control command is based on the second power output of the second power generation unit.

2. The distributed generation system of claim 1, wherein the strategy module is further configured to determine the first power output of the first power generation unit and the second power output of the second power generation unit based on a first cost of the first power generation unit and a second cost of the second power generation unit.

3. The distributed generation system of claim 1, wherein the strategy module is further configured to determine the first power output of the first power generation unit and the second power output of the second power generation unit based on a projected load and a demand volatility.

4. The distributed generation system of claim 1, further comprising a third module, comprising executable code for evaluating a current state of each of the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit.

5. The distributed generation system of claim 1, wherein the strategy module is further configured to determine the first power output of the first power generation unit and the second power output of the second power generation unit based on a projected load and a demand volatility and wherein the projected load and the demand volatility are based on a weather condition.

6. The distributed generation system of claim 1, wherein the strategy module is further configured to determine the first power output of the first power generation unit and the second power output of the second power generation unit based on a first power generation unit performance and a second power generation unit performance.

7. The distributed generation system of claim 1, further comprising a fourth module, comprising executable code for accepting system state data and generating thereupon a report of costs and revenue.

8. The distributed generation system of claim 1, wherein the strategy module is further configured to determine the first power output of the first power generation unit and the second power output of the second power generation unit based on a first cost of the first power generation unit, a second cost of the second power generation unit, a projected load, a demand volatility a first power generation unit performance, and a second power generation unit performance.

9. The distributed generation system of claim 8, further comprising a third module, comprising executable code for evaluating a current state of each of the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit.

10. The distributed generation system of claim 9, further comprising a fourth module, comprising executable code for accepting system state data and generating thereupon a report of costs and revenue.

11. The distributed generation system of claim 1, wherein a fifth module comprises executable code for receiving data relating to a cost performance function of at least one of the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit.

12. A method for controlling a plurality of geographically distributed devices, comprising the steps of:

receiving a first status of a first power generation unit and a first output of the first power generation unit, the first power generation unit being a structure able to generate power, a first power output of the first power generation unit being a first targeted power production level of the first power generation unit;

receiving a second status of a second power generation unit and a second output of the second power generation unit, the second power generation unit being another structure able to generate power, a second power output of the second power generation unit being a second targeted power production level of the second power generation unit;

calculating a system state based on the first status, the second status, the first output and the second output;

calculating, based on the system state and historical data, a predicted demand;

determining a third output of the first power generation unit based on a tariff structure, a first unit capacity, and a second unit capacity;

determining a fourth output of the second power generation unit based on the tariff structure, the first unit capacity, and the second unit capacity;

controlling through a communications interface at least one of the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit based on at least one of the third output and the fourth output; and

storing data relating to the first output, the second output, the third output, and the fourth output.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the third output of the first power generation unit is further based on a first cost of the first power generation unit.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising calculating based on cost to performance data a strategy based on the predicted demand.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the strategy comprises data indicating a future active status of the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit.

16. The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of generating a report based on the system state.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of controlling through the communications interface the at least one of the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit based on the at least one of the third output and the fourth output comprises controlling the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit through an interface specific to the first power generation unit and the second power generation unit.