Non-stoichiometric nanomaterial compositions with distinctive shape and morphology
First Claim
1. A non-stoichiometric nanomaterial comprising two or more elements having a composition different than that required for stoichiometric bonding between the two or more elements, the composition represented by the formula:
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Mn/pZ1−
x wherein M comprises an element that can lower its free energy by chemically bonding with Z;
wherein Z comprises a chalcogen;
wherein n and p are integers greater than or equal to 1;
wherein 0.01<
x<
0.99; and
wherein a value for a selected material property of the non-stoichiometric nanomaterial is greater than 10% different from a value for the same property for a stoichiometric form of the nanomaterial.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Nanoscale materials with domain sizes less than 100 nanometers and unusual shapes and morphologies are disclosed. A broad approach for manufacturing oxide and non-oxide nanomaterials with aspect ratio different than 1.0 is presented. Methods for engineering and manufacturing nanomaterials'"'"' size, shape, surface area, morphology, surface characteristics, surface composition, distribution, and degree of agglomeration are discussed. The methods taught includes the use of surfactants, dispersants, emulsifying agents in order to prepare precursors, which are then processed into novel nanoscale particle morphologies.
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Citations
29 Claims
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1. A non-stoichiometric nanomaterial comprising two or more elements having a composition different than that required for stoichiometric bonding between the two or more elements, the composition represented by the formula:
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Mn/pZ1−
xwherein M comprises an element that can lower its free energy by chemically bonding with Z; wherein Z comprises a chalcogen; wherein n and p are integers greater than or equal to 1; wherein 0.01<
x<
0.99; andwherein a value for a selected material property of the non-stoichiometric nanomaterial is greater than 10% different from a value for the same property for a stoichiometric form of the nanomaterial. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A nanostructured composite material comprising:
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a polymer matrix; and a nanofiller dispersed in the polymer matrix; wherein the nanofiller comprises a non-stoichiometric nanomaterial comprising two or more elements having a composition different than that required for stoichiometric bonding between the two or more elements, the composition represented by the formula;
Mn/pZ1−
xwherein M comprises an element that can lower its free energy by chemically bonding with Z; wherein Z comprises a chalcogen; wherein n and p are integers greater than or equal to 1; and wherein 0.01<
x<
0.99; andwherein a value for a selected material property of the nanostructured composite material comprising the nanofiller is at least 20% different from a value for the same property for an otherwise identical composite material comprising a micron-scale filler. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A non-stoichiometric nanomaterial comprising two or more elements having a composition different than that required for stoichiometric bonding between the two or more elements, the composition represented by the formula:
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Mn/pZ1−
xwherein M comprises an element that can lower its free energy by chemically bonding with Z; wherein Z comprises an element selected from the group consisting of B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, and H; wherein n and p are integers greater than or equal to 1; wherein 0<
x<
1; andwherein a value for a selected material property of the non-stoichiometric nanomaterial is greater than 10% different from a value for the same property for a stoichiometric form of the nanomaterial.
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29. A nanostructured composite material comprising:
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a polymer matrix; and a nanofiller dispersed in the polymer matrix; wherein the nanofiller comprises a non-stoichiometric nanomaterial comprising two or more elements having a composition different than that required for stoichiometric bonding between the two or more elements, the composition represented by the formula;
Mn/pZ1−
xwherein M comprises an element that can lower its free energy by chemically bonding with Z; wherein Z comprises an element selected from the group consisting of B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, and H; wherein n and p are integers greater than or equal to 1; wherein 0<
x<
1; andwherein a value for a selected material property of the nanostructured composite material comprising the nanofiller is at least 20% different from a value for the same property for an otherwise identical composite material comprising a micron-scale filler.
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Specification