Enzyme electrode, enzyme electrode producing method, sensor and fuel cell each using enzyme electrode

• US 7,816,025 B2
• Filed: 08/10/2007
• Issued: 10/19/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (Canon Inc.)
• Inventors: Nomoto, Tsuyoshi, Kubo, Wataru
• Primary Examiner(s): Michener; Jennifer
• Assistant Examiner(s): WILLS, MONIQUE M
• Application Number:
  US11/837,074
• Publication Number:
  US 20080102323A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,166 Days
• Field of Search: 429/12, 429/218.1, 429/221, 429/231.1, 429/231.6, 204/403, 435/69.1
• US Class Current: 429/437
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/001 Enzyme electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/90 Selection of catalytic material
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/16 Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

An amino acid capable of coordinately binding to a metallic complex is introduced to an active site within the enzyme or another controlled position near the active site. Therefore, when a mediator is introduced into the enzyme, a mediator-introduced position is controlled to be held at or near the active site.

Claims

1. An enzyme electrode comprising:

a redox enzyme;

an electrically conductive member to which the redox enzyme is immobilized;

an iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, or chromium metallic complex electrically connected to the electrically conductive member; and

an amino acid capable of binding to the metallic complex by a coordinate bond arranged at an active site within the redox enzyme or at a controlled position near the active site,

wherein the amino acid is coordinately bound to the metallic complex.

2. The enzyme electrode according to claim 1, wherein a gene coding the redox enzyme is recombined by a genetic engineering operation and the amino acid is artificially introduced to or near the active site within the redox enzyme.

3. The enzyme electrode according to claim 1, wherein the amino acid is histidine.

4. An enzyme sensor comprising an enzyme electrode and a unit arranged to apply a voltage or a potential to the enzyme electrode, the enzyme electrode comprising:

a redox enzyme;

an electrically conductive member to which the redox enzyme is immobilized;

an iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, or chromium metallic complex electrically connected to the electrically conductive member; and

an amino acid capable of binding to the metallic complex by a coordinate bond located at an active site within the redox enzyme or at a controlled position near the active site,

wherein the amino acid is coordinately bound to the metallic complex.

5. A fuel cell comprising an enzyme electrode, a counter electrode, and an electrolyte arranged between the enzyme electrode and the counter electrode, the enzyme electrode comprising:

a redox enzyme;

an electrically conductive member to which the redox enzyme is immobilized;

an iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, or chromium metallic complex electrically connected to the electrically conductive member; and

an amino acid capable of binding to the metallic complex by a coordinate bond located at an active site within the redox enzyme or at a controlled position near the active site,

wherein the amino acid is coordinately bound to the metallic complex.