System and method for optimized runway exiting

• US 7,818,100 B2
• Filed: 07/13/2007
• Issued: 10/19/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 04/03/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Original Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Inventors: Goodman, William L., Imrich, Thomas
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran; Khoi
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kim; Kyung J
• Application Number:
  US11/777,351
• Publication Number:
  US 20080249675A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,194 Days
• Field of Search: 701/16
• US Class Current: 701/16
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 25/426 Braking devices providing an automatic sequence of braking
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0083 to help an aircraft pilot in the rolling phase

Abstract

Methods and apparatus are provided for optimizing runway exiting. Prior to landing, the pilot may choose to input one or more new landing parameters. Then, based on current landing parameters (e.g., any new landing parameter(s) and remaining default landing parameters) and the aircraft performance parameters, predicted landing performance can be updated and indicia of the updated predicted landing performance can be displayed to the pilot on an updated airport map and display. The updated predicted landing performance can include, among other things, a display of AUTOBRAKE landing performance. When no further changes to the current landing parameters are desired, the automatic braking system can be set to provide dynamic braking to slow the aircraft to a selected velocity at a selected position on a particular runway.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

inputting manually, prior to landing, at least one new landing parameter to generate current landing parameters comprising the at least one new landing parameter and default landing parameters, said at least one new landing parameter including a selected position on a particular runway and a specified velocity at said selected position, said selected position and specified velocity selectable independent of one another;

determining updated predicted landing performance based on the current landing parameters and aircraft performance parameters prior to landing, said determining comprising a computer executing programmed instructions residing in memory; and

displaying an updated airport map which displays a currently selected runway with updated indicia of updated predicted landing performance for at least one exit taxiway of the currently selected runway, wherein the updated indicia of updated predicted landing performance include a recommended setting for an automatic braking system that will provide dynamic braking to slow an aircraft to said selected velocity at said selected position on the currently selected runway, manually selecting said setting.

2. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

displaying default landing parameters and aircraft performance parameters; and

displaying an airport map with a default runway having a number of exit taxiways and indicia of predicted landing performance for at least one exit taxiway displayed on the default runway, wherein the indicia of predicted landing performance are determined based on the default landing parameters and the aircraft performance parameters.

3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the indicia of predicted landing performance displayed on the airport map comprise:

a Landing Performance Indicator (LPI).

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the indicia of predicted landing performance displayed on the airport map further comprise:

a Runway Exit Indicator (REI) comprising a particular taxiway exit located on a particular landing runway, and a Runway Exit Target (RET) comprising a particular runway target position on the particular landing runway.

5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the updated indicia of predicted landing performance displayed on the updated airport map comprise at least one of:

said updated Runway Exit Indicator (REI), said updated Runway Exit Target (RET), an updated Brake Activation Target (BAT) and an updated Landing Performance Indicator (LPI).

6. A method according to claim 1, further comprising:

setting the automatic braking system to provide dynamic braking to slow the aircraft to the selected velocity at the selected position on the currently selected runway if there are no further changes to the current landing parameters and default landing parameters.

7. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of:

using an automatic braking system to automatically control the brake activation system of the aircraft to slow the landing aircraft to said selected velocity greater than or equal to zero at said selected position on the particular runway, wherein the selected position is one of;

a particular taxiway exit located on the particular landing runway; and

a particular runway target position on the particular landing runway.

8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one new landing parameter comprises at least one of:

an updated landing condition variable, an updated landing variable and an updated minimum equipment list (MEL) item, and wherein the aircraft performance parameters comprise at least one of;

aircraft weight, aircraft configuration, and aircraft generated performance measurements.

9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the updated landing condition variable comprises at least one of:

an updated runway surface condition of the particular runway; and

an updated braking action report.

10. A method according to claim 8, wherein the updated landing variables comprise at least one of:

an updated value of the selected velocity;

an updated reverse thrust adjustment value;

an updated value for the selected position;

a delayed braking setting adjustment; and

a Land and Hold Short (LAHSO) setting adjustment.

11. A method according to claim 7, wherein the step of using an automatic braking system to automatically control the brake activation system of the aircraft to slow the landing aircraft to a selected velocity at a selected position on a particular runway comprises the steps of:

determining, upon landing the aircraft, a deceleration rate required for slowing the aircraft to reach the selected velocity at the selected position based on a current position of the aircraft and a current ground velocity of the aircraft;

controlling deceleration of the aircraft via the automatic braking system based on the deceleration rate so that the aircraft will reach the selected velocity at the selected position; and

further comprising the step of;

displaying indicia of actual landing performance with respect to the selected position as the aircraft approaches the selected position, wherein the indicia of actual landing performance are determined based on a current ground velocity of the aircraft and the current deceleration rate, and wherein indicia of the actual landing performance comprise a static Runway Exit Indicator (REI) comprising a particular taxiway exit located on the particular landing runway, a static Runway Exit Target (RET) comprising a particular runway target position located on the particular landing runway, a static Brake Activation Target (BAT) and at least one dynamic Landing Performance Indicator (LPI).

12. A system, comprising:

an input device in communication with a programmed computer comprising programmed instructions residing in memory, said input device designed to receive manual input, said input comprising at least one new landing parameter prior to landing, said at least one new landing parameter including a selected position on a particular runway and a specified velocity at said selected position, said selected position and specified velocity selectable independent of one another;

said computer programmed to update current landing parameters each time a landing parameter is changed, and to determine updated predicted landing performance based on the current landing parameters and aircraft performance parameters including prior to landing, said computer executing programmed instructions residing in memory; and

at least one display unit designed to display an updated airport map which displays a currently selected runway and updated indicia of updated predicted landing performance for at least one exit taxiway displayed on the currently selected runway;

wherein the updated indicia of updated predicted landing performance include a recommended setting for an automatic braking system that will provide dynamic braking to slow an aircraft to a selected velocity at a selected position on the currently selected runway, manually selecting said setting.

13. A system according to claim 12, wherein:

the display unit is designed to display default landing parameters and the aircraft performance parameters;

the computer is programmed to determine predicted landing performance, wherein the predicted landing performance is determined based on the default landing parameters and the aircraft performance parameters; and

the at least one display unit is designed to display an airport map with a default runway having a number of exit taxiways and indicia of the predicted landing performance.

14. A system according to claim 13, wherein the indicia of predicted landing performance displayed on the airport map comprise at least one of:

a Runway Exit Indicator (REI) comprising a particular taxiway exit located on the particular landing runway, a Runway Exit Target (RET) comprising a particular runway target position located on the particular landing runway, and a Landing Performance Indicator (LPI).

15. A system according to claim 12, wherein the updated indicia of predicted landing performance displayed on the updated airport map comprise at least one of:

an updated Runway Exit Indicator (REI) comprising a particular taxiway exit located on the particular landing runway, an updated Runway Exit Target (RET) comprising a particular runway target position located on the particular landing runway, an updated Brake Activation Target (BAT) and an updated Landing Performance Indicator (LPI).

16. A system according to claim 12, wherein the at least one new landing parameter comprises at least one of:

an updated landing condition variable, an updated landing variable and an updated minimum equipment list (MEL) item, and

wherein the aircraft performance parameters comprise at least one of;

aircraft weight, aircraft configuration, and aircraft generated performance measurements.

17. A system according to claim 16, wherein the updated landing condition variable comprises at least one of:

an updated runway surface condition of the particular runway;

an updated braking action report.

18. A system according to claim 16, wherein the updated landing variables comprise at least one of:

an updated value of the selected velocity;

an updated reverse thrust adjustment value;

an updated value for the selected position;

a delayed braking setting adjustment; and

a Land and Hold Short (LAHSO) setting adjustment.

19. A system according to claim 12, wherein the automatic braking system automatically controls a brake activation system of the aircraft to slow the aircraft to a selected velocity greater than or equal to zero at a selected position on a particular runway, wherein the selected position is one of:

a particular taxiway exit located on the particular landing runway; and

a particular runway target position on the particular landing runway.

20. A system according to claim 19, wherein the computer is further programmed to determine, upon landing the aircraft, a deceleration rate required for slowing the aircraft to reach the selected velocity at the selected position based on a current position of the aircraft and a current ground velocity of the aircraft, and to control deceleration of the aircraft via the automatic braking system based on the deceleration rate so that the aircraft will reach the selected velocity at the selected position.

21. A system according to claim 20, wherein the display is further designed to display indicia of actual landing performance with respect to the selected position as the aircraft approaches the selected position, wherein the indicia of actual landing performance are determined based on a current ground velocity of the aircraft and the current deceleration rate, and wherein indicia of the actual landing performance comprise a static Runway Exit Indicator (REI) comprising a particular taxiway exit located on the particular landing runway, a static Runway Exit Target (RET) comprising a particular runway target position located on the particular landing runway, a static Brake Activation Target (BAT) and at least one Landing Performance Indicator (LPI).

22. In a computer system having a graphical user interface including at least one display and an input device, a method comprising the steps of:

displaying, on the display, default landing parameters and aircraft performance parameters;

displaying, on the display, an airport map with a default runway having a number of exit taxiways and predicted landing performance of the aircraft, wherein the predicted landing performance is determined based on the default landing parameters and the aircraft performance parameters, wherein the airport map displays a Runway Exit Indicator (REI) comprising a particular taxiway exit located on the particular landing runway, Runway Exit Target (RET) comprising a particular runway target position located on the particular landing runway, and a Landing Performance Indicator (LPI);

inputting manually, prior to landing, at least one new landing parameter to generate current landing parameters comprising the at least one new landing parameter and default landing parameters, said at least one new landing parameter including a selected position on a particular runway and a specified velocity at said selected position said selected position and specified velocity selectable independent of one another;

displaying, on the display, an updated airport map with the default runway and updated predicted landing performance including prior to landing, wherein the updated airport map displays an updated Runway Exit Indicator (REI), an updated Runway Exit Target (RET), and an updated Landing Performance Indicator (LPI).

23. A method according to claim 22, further comprising the step of:

displaying, on the display, another airport map with indicia of actual landing performance with respect to the selected position as an aircraft approaches the selected position, wherein indicia of the actual landing performance are based on a current ground velocity of the aircraft and a current deceleration rate, wherein indicia of the actual landing performance comprise at least one of;

a symbol representing an updated predicted touchdown position of the aircraft, an updated Runway Exit Indicator (REI), an updated Runway Exit Target (RET), an updated Brake Activation Target (BAT) and an updated dynamic Landing Performance Indicator (LPI).

24. In a computer system having a graphical user interface including at least one display, a method for assisting a pilot in preparing to land an aircraft, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting manually, prior to landing, at least one new landing parameter to generate current landing parameters comprising the at least one new landing parameter and default landing parameters, said at least one new landing parameter including a selected position on a particular runway and a specified velocity at said selected position, said selected position and specified velocity selectable independent of one another;

displaying, on the display, an airport map with a default runway and indicia of predicted landing performance for at least one exit taxiway displayed on the default runway including prior to landing, wherein the indicia of predicted landing performance are determined based on said current landing parameters and aircraft performance parameters.