Methods and devices for obtaining a broadcast-like streaming content

• US 7,818,445 B2
• Filed: 10/14/2009
• Issued: 10/19/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 10/15/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Xenogenic Development Limited Liability Company (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Original Assignee: Patentvc Limited
• Inventors: Zuckerman, Gal, Thieberger, Gil
• Primary Examiner(s): Lin, Kenny S
• Application Number:
  US12/579,384
• Publication Number:
  US 20100094964A1
• Time in Patent Office: 370 Days
• Field of Search: 709/226, 709/230, 709/231
• US Class Current: 709/231
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1001 for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1097 for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]

Abstract

Obtaining a broadcast-like streaming content by an assembling device from a distributed storage. The assembling device obtains erasure-coded fragments associated with sequential segments of streaming content from fractional-storage servers, approximately at the same rate that the fragments are being stored on the servers and shortly after the fragments are stored. And wherein the streaming content is segmented, encoded into the fragments, and stored on the servers progressively as the streaming content is made available.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

distributing erasure-coded fragment associated with segments of streaming content to fractional-storage servers, until each server stores at least one fragment and less than the minimum data required to decode the fragments;

obtaining, by an assembling device, an indication of a segment associated with the fragments that were already distributed; and

pulling fragments usable to decode the indicated segment, by the assembling device from the servers, before fragments associated with at least one following segment of the streaming content are being distributed to the servers;

wherein the pulling is pulled at an average rate that essentially follows the average rate at which fragments associated with new segments of the streaming content are distributed to the servers, although the assembling device operative to have enough incoming bandwidth to pull the fragments at a rate significantly greater than the average rate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein most of the time the assembling device requesting fragments having sizes for which the time to transmit each fragment in response to the assembling device request, through the slowest communication link connecting the responding server and the assembling device, is smaller than the round trip communication delay between the assembling device and the responding server, excluding the processing time of the responding server;

and the average fractional-storage server operative to have an outgoing bandwidth of at least 10 times the incoming bandwidth of the average assembling device.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication is for segments that have just been distributed, most of the time the assembling device requesting fragments having sizes for which the time to transmit each fragment in response to the assembling device request, through the slowest communication link connecting the responding server and the assembling device, is smaller than the round trip communication delay between the assembling device and the responding server, excluding the processing time of the responding server;

and further comprising reconstructing the segments from the pulled erasure-coded fragments at a rate that essentially maintains a fixed distance in segments between the currently reconstructed segment and the segment whose fragments have just been distributed to the servers, although the assembling device operative to have enough incoming bandwidth and computational resources to pull and reconstruct the fragments at a rate significantly greater than the fixed distance rate.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein pulling the fragments comprises pulling the fragments at a rate that essentially follows the corresponding rate at which the streaming content is played, although the assembling device operative to have enough incoming bandwidth to pull the fragments at a rate significantly greater than the corresponding playing rate.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising reconstructing, by the assembling device, at least a portion of the streaming content, and forwarding the portion, or a transcoded version of the portion, to a client device associated with the assembling device.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the erasure-coding is rateless-coding.

7. An apparatus comprising:

an assembling device configured to obtain essentially concurrently from a plurality of servers erasure-coded fragments usable to reconstruct a first nonempty set of segments of streaming content, at a rate that essentially follows the rate at which the obtained fragments are being stored on the servers, although the assembling device operative to have enough incoming bandwidth to obtain the fragments at a rate significantly greater than the rate that essentially follows the rate at which the obtained fragments are being stored on the servers; and

the assembling device is further configured to obtain the fragments before fragments associated with at least one following segment of the streaming content are being stored in the servers, and to obtain from each server an amount of fragments smaller than one-hundredth of the server'"'"'s fragment delivery bandwidth, such that the fragment load of the assembling device on each server is small.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the assembling device is further configured to obtain the fragments using a fragment pull protocol, each fragment pull request associated with a specific segment.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the assembling device is further configured to reconstruct the segments from the obtained fragments on-the-fly to create a broadcast-like effect.

10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the assembling device is configured to obtain from each server an amount of fragments smaller than one-thousandth of the server'"'"'s fragment delivery bandwidth, such that the fragment load of the assembling device on each server is tiny.

11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the erasure-coding is rateless-coding.

12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the assembling device is configured to obtain the fragments using sub-transmissions.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the assembling device is configured to obtain from each server an amount of fragments smaller than one-thousandth of the server'"'"'s fragment delivery bandwidth, such that the fragment load of the assembling device on each server is tiny;

and the erasure-coding is rateless-coding.

14. An apparatus comprising:

an assembling device configured to receive an indication of allowance to obtain, essentially concurrently from a plurality of servers, erasure-coded fragments associated with a first segment of streaming content;

the assembling device is further configured to obtain fragments associated with subsequent segments as the access to the segments is allowed essentially sequentially as time progresses and to reconstruct segments from the obtained fragments at an average rate that essentially follows the average rate at which the segments are allowed to be accessed, although the associated fragments of the first segment and the subsequent segments are pre-stored on the servers, and although the assembling device operative to have enough incoming bandwidth to obtain the fragments at a rate significantly greater than the allowance rate.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the assembling device is further configured to obtain the fragments using a fragment pull protocol, each fragment pull request associated with an indicated segment.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the assembling device is configured to obtain from each server an amount of fragments smaller than one-thousandth of the server'"'"'s fragment delivery bandwidth, such that the fragment load of the assembling device on each server is tiny.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the first reconstructed segments of the streaming content are played before the last segments are allowed to be accessed, and the rate at which the subsequent segments are allowed to be accessed essentially follows the rate at which segments are being used for continuous playing of the streaming content.

18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the assembling device is configured to obtain the fragments using sub-transmissions.

19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first segment is the most recent segment to which access was allowed out of all of the segments of the streaming content, and the fragments associated with the first segment are obtained shortly after access to the first segment is allowed;

the assembling device is further configured to reconstruct the first segment and provide a playable stream of the first segment shortly after it is obtained.