Applying quality of service to application messages in network elements

• US 7,827,256 B2
• Filed: 06/21/2006
• Issued: 11/02/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 06/21/2005
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Joshi, Praveen, Potti, Sunil, Phillips, Steve, Tripathi, Rahul, Anthias, Tefcros, Singhal, Pravin
• Primary Examiner(s): Phillips; Hassan
• Assistant Examiner(s): Golabbakhsh; Ebrahim
• Application Number:
  US11/472,807
• Publication Number:
  US 20070028001A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,595 Days
• Field of Search: 709/220
• US Class Current: 709/220
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2221/2141 Access rights, e.g. capability lists, access control lists, access tables, access matrices
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/656 while running
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/026 using e-messaging for transporting management information, e.g. email, instant messaging or chat
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/06 Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0893 Assignment of logical groups to network elements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0894 Policy-based network configuration management
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/12 Discovery or management of network topologies
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/22 comprising specially adapted graphical user interfaces [GUI]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5003 Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5009 Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5012 determining service availability, e.g. which services are available at a certain point in time
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/5096 wherein the managed service relates to distributed or central networked applications
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0811 by checking connectivity
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/00 Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks routing or path finding in wireless networks H04W40/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/56 Routing software
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/563 Software download or update
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0245 Filtering by information in the payload
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/0428 wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/08 for authentication of entities cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication H04L9/32
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/102 Entity profiles
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/12 : Applying verification of the received information cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for data integrity or data verification H04L9/32
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/02 : based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/34 : involving the movement of software or configuration parameters network booting or remote initial program loading [RIPL] G06F9/4416
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/22 : Parsing or analysis of headers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 : Network security protocols

Abstract

A network element such as a router or switch provides application-level quality of service for application-layer messages processed in the network element, using application QoS logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to cause receiving an application-layer message; matching one or more attributes of the application-layer message to the message classification rules; determining a message classification of the application-layer message based on the matching; selecting one of the network-level QoS values using the mapping and based on the determined message classification; and marking a network-level header of the application-layer message using the selected QoS value. As a result, attributes of application messages at OSI Layer 5, 6, or 7 can be used to determine how to mark packets of the messages with QoS values at OSI Layer 2, 3 or 4, integrating application-level concepts of order and priority into network-layer QoS mechanisms.

Claims

1. A data processing apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of network interfaces that are coupled to a data network for receiving one or more packets therefrom and sending one or more packets thereto;

one or more processors;

a switching system coupled to the one or more processors and packet forwarding logic, wherein the switching system and packet forwarding logic are configured to receive packets on a first network interface, determine a second network interface on which to send the packets, and to send the packets on the second network interface;

a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium recorded with one or more message classification rules and a mapping of message classification values to network-level QoS values, wherein each of the one or more message classification rules specifies one or more application-level attributes and one of the message classification values;

application QoS logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to cause;

intercepting an application-layer message encapsulated in a collective payload portion of two or more data packets according to an application-layer protocol;

wherein the application-layer message communicates application-level information between applications, and wherein the application-level information comprises application-level attributes that are contained in a body of the application-layer message;

extracting and assembling the application-layer message from the collective payload portion based at least in part on the application-layer protocol;

matching one or more application-level attributes from the body of the extracted and assembled application-layer message to the one or more message classification rules;

determining a message classification value of the extracted and assembled application-layer message based at least in part on the matching;

selecting one of the network-level QoS values using the mapping and based at least in part on the determined message classification value;

marking a network-level header of at least one of the two or more data packets based at least in part on the selected network-level QoS value.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the message classification rules classify the application-layer message as one of mission critical, transactional data, bulk data transfer, and best effort.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the network-level QoS values are differentiated services code point (DSCP) values.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to mark an IP header of the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the application-layer message with one of the DSCP values.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the network-level QoS values are IP Type of Service (ToS) values.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to mark an IP header of the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the application-layer message with one of the ToS values.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to forward the application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on the selected QoS value and a set of priority queues.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to establish a plurality of prioritized virtual connections between the apparatus and a next hop apparatus, and to forward the application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on writing the application-layer message to one of the virtual connections that is associated with the selected QoS value.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising any of a packet data router and a packet data switch in a packet-switched network.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the application-layer message is a first application-layer message, and wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to:

forward the first application-layer message to an endpoint;

intercept a second application-layer message from the endpoint;

determine that the second application-layer message is associated with the first application-layer message;

mark one or more data packets containing the second application-layer message with the same selected QoS value that was used to mark the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the first application-layer message; and

forward the second application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on writing the second application-layer message to one of the virtual connections that is associated with the selected QoS value.

11. A data processing apparatus, comprising:

a plurality of network interfaces that are coupled to a data network for receiving one or more packets therefrom and sending one or more packets thereto;

one or more processors;

a switching system coupled to the one or more processors and packet forwarding logic, wherein the switching system and packet forwarding logic are configured to receive packets on a first network interface, determine a second network interface on which to send the packets, and to send the packets on the second network interface;

a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium recorded with one or more message classification rules and a mapping of message classification values to network-level QoS values, wherein each of the one or more message classification rules specifies one or more application-level attributes and one of the message classification values;

means for intercepting an application-layer message encapsulated in a collective payload portion of two or more data packets according to an application-layer protocol;

wherein the application-layer message communicates application-level information between applications, and wherein the application-level information comprises application-level attributes that are contained in a body of the application-layer message;

means for extracting and assembling the application-layer message from the collective payload portion based at least in part on the application-layer protocol;

means for matching one or more application-level attributes from the body of the extracted and assembled application-layer message to the one or more message classification rules;

means for determining a message classification value of the extracted and assembled application-layer message based at least in part on the matching;

means for selecting one of the network-level QoS values using the mapping and based at least in part on the determined message classification value;

means for marking a network-level header of at least one of the two or more data packets based at least in part on the selected network-level QoS value.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the message classification rules classify the application-layer message as one of mission critical, transactional data, bulk data transfer, and best effort.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the network-level QoS values are differentiated services code point (DSCP) values.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising means for marking an IP header of the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the application-layer message with one of the DSCP values.

15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the network-level QoS values are IP Type of Service (ToS) values.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising means for marking an IP header of the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the application-layer message with one of the ToS values.

17. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising means for forwarding the application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on the selected QoS value and a set of priority queues.

18. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising means for establishing a plurality of prioritized virtual connections between the apparatus and a next hop apparatus, and for forwarding the application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on writing the application-layer message to one of the virtual connections that is associated with the selected QoS value.

19. The apparatus of claim 11, comprising any of a packet data router and a packet data switch in a packet-switched network.

20. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the application-layer message is a first application-layer message, further comprising:

means for forwarding the first application-layer message to an endpoint;

means for intercepting a second application-layer message from the endpoint;

means for determining that the second application-layer message is associated with the first application-layer message;

means for marking one or more data packets containing the second application-layer message with the same selected QoS value that was used to mark the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the first application-layer message; and

means for forwarding the second application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on writing the second application-layer message to one of the virtual connections that is associated with the selected QoS value.

21. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium recorded with one or more message classification rules and a mapping of message classification values to network-level QoS values, wherein each of the one or more message classification rules specifies one or more application-level attributes and one of the message classification values, and recorded with application QoS logic which when executed by one or more processors is operable to cause:

intercepting an application-layer message encapsulated in a collective payload portion of two or more data packets according to an application-layer protocol, wherein the application-layer message is received at a network infrastructure element comprising a plurality of network interfaces that are coupled to a data network for receiving one or more packets therefrom and sending one or more packets thereto, the one or more processors, and a switching system coupled to the one or more processors and packet forwarding logic, wherein the switching system and packet forwarding logic are configured to receive packets on a first network interface, determine a second network interface on which to send the packets, and to send the packets on the second network interface;

wherein the application-layer message communicates application-level information between applications, and wherein the application-level information comprises application-level attributes that are contained in a body of the application-layer message;

extracting and assembling the application-layer message from the collective payload portion based at least in part on the application-layer protocol;

matching one or more application-level attributes from the body of the extracted and assembled application-layer message to the one or more message classification rules;

determining a message classification value of the extracted and assembled application-layer message based at least in part on the matching;

selecting one of the network-level QoS values using the mapping and based at least in part on the determined message classification value;

marking a network-level header of the at least one of the two or more data packets using the selected network-level QoS value.

22. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the message classification rules classify the application-layer message as one of mission critical, transactional data, bulk data transfer, and best effort.

23. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the network-level QoS values are differentiated services code point (DSCP) values.

24. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23, wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to mark an IP header of the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the application-layer message with one of the DSCP values.

25. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the network-level QoS values are IP Type of Service (ToS) values.

26. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 25, wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to mark an IP header of the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the application-layer message with one of the ToS values.

27. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to forward the application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on the selected QoS value and a set of priority queues.

28. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to establish a plurality of prioritized virtual connections between the computer-readable medium and a next hop computer-readable medium, and to forward the application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on writing the application-layer message to one of the virtual connections that is associated with the selected QoS value.

29. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, comprising any of a packet data router and a packet data switch in a packet-switched network.

30. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the application-layer message is a first application-layer message, and wherein the application QoS logic comprises logic which when executed by the one or more processors is operable to:

forward the first application-layer message to an endpoint;

intercept a second application-layer message from the endpoint;

determine that the second application-layer message is associated with the first application-layer message;

mark one or more data packets containing the second application-layer message with the same selected QoS value that was used to mark the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the first application-layer message; and

forward the second application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on writing the second application-layer message to one of the virtual connections that is associated with the selected QoS value.

31. A method, comprising:

creating and storing one or more message classification rules and a mapping of message classification values to network-level QoS values, wherein each of the one or more message classification rules specifies one or more application-level attributes and one of the message classification values;

intercepting an application-layer message encapsulated in a collective payload portion of two or more data packets according to an application-layer protocol, wherein the application-layer message is received at a network infrastructure element comprising a plurality of network interfaces that are coupled to a data network for receiving one or more packets therefrom and sending one or more packets thereto, the one or more processors, and a switching system coupled to the one or more processors and packet forwarding logic, wherein the switching system and packet forwarding logic are configured to receive packets on a first network interface, determine a second network interface on which to send the packets, and to send the packets on the second network interface;

wherein the application-layer message communicates application-level information between applications, and wherein the application-level information comprises application-level attributes that are contained in a body of the application-layer message;

extracting and assembling the application-layer message from the collective payload portion based at least in part on the application protocol;

matching one or more application-level attributes from the body of the extracted and assembled application-layer message to the one or more message classification rules;

determining a message classification value of the extracted and assembled application-layer message based at least in part on the matching;

selecting one of the network-level QoS values using the mapping and based at least in part on the determined message classification value;

marking a network-level header of the at least one of the two or more data packets based at least in part on the selected network-level QoS value;

wherein the method is performed by one or more computing devices.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the message classification rules classify the application-layer message as one of mission critical, transactional data, bulk data transfer, and best effort.

33. The method of claim 31, wherein the network-level QoS values are differentiated services code point (DSCP) values.

34. The method of claim 33, further comprising marking an IP header of the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the application-layer message with one of the DSCP values.

35. The method of claim 31, wherein the network-level QoS values are IP Type of Service (ToS) values.

36. The method of claim 35, further comprising marking an IP header of the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the application-layer message with one of the ToS values.

37. The method of claim 31, further comprising forwarding the application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on the selected QoS value and a set of priority queues.

38. The method of claim 31, further comprising establishing a plurality of prioritized virtual connections between the method and a next hop method, and forwarding the application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on writing the application-layer message to one of the virtual connections that is associated with the selected QoS value.

39. The method of claim 31, comprising receiving the application-layer message at the network infrastructure element comprising any of a packet data router and a packet data switch in a packet-switched network.

40. The method of claim 31, wherein the application-layer message is a first application-layer message, further comprising:

forwarding the first application-layer message to an endpoint;

intercepting a second application-layer message from the endpoint;

determining that the second application-layer message is associated with the first application-layer message;

marking one or more data packets containing the second application-layer message with the same selected QoS value that was used to mark the at least one of the two or more data packets containing the first application-layer message; and

forwarding the second application-layer message to a next hop, wherein the forwarding is prioritized based at least in part on writing the second application-layer message to one of the virtual connections that is associated with the selected QoS value.