Selectively permeable film supported membrane

• US 7,829,185 B2
• Filed: 08/26/2004
• Issued: 11/09/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 08/26/2003
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: University of Cincinnati
• Original Assignee: University of Cincinnati
• Inventors: Cuppoletti, John
• Primary Examiner(s): Chang; Victor S
• Application Number:
  US10/569,694
• Publication Number:
  US 20070026217A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,266 Days
• Field of Search: 428/304.4, 435/5
• US Class Current: 428/304.4
• CPC Class Codes: A62D 5/00 Composition of materials for coverings or clothing affording protection against harmful chemical agents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/02 characterised by their properties
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/10 Supported membranes; Membrane supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/122 Separate manufacturing of ultra-thin membranes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 69/141 Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 71/74 Natural macromolecular material or derivatives thereof B01D71/08, B01D71/24 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/40 Semi-permeable membranes or partitions
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0094 in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0289 Means for holding the electrolyte solid polymer electrolytes H01M8/1018
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1023 having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1039 halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1053 consisting of layers of polymers with at least one layer being ionically conductive
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249953 Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31504 Composite [nonstructural laminate]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31544 Addition polymer is perhalogenated
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31855 Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31938 Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon

Abstract

A selectively permeable film supported membrane comprises a selectively permeable film comprising at least one ionomer; a bilayer formed on the film; and at least one transport substance incorporated into the bilayer. Methods for forming a selectively permeable film supported membrane comprise the steps of forming a bilayer on a selectively permeable film comprising at least one ionomer and incorporating at least one transport substance into the bilayer. Fuel cells, toxins detectors and protective devices comprise a selectively permeable film supported membrane.

Claims

1. A selectively permeable film supported membrane comprising:

a. a selectively permeable film comprising at least one ionomer;

b. a lipid bilayer formed on the film; and

c. at least one transport substance selected from the group consisting of HCl transport system, H/K ATPase, Na/K ATPase, K/H exchanger, Na/H exchanger, and Ca²⁺/H exchanger, incorporated into the lipid bilayer,

wherein the at least one transport substance is capable of generating gradients selected from the group consisting of proton, potassium, sodium, chloride, and calcium ion gradients.

2. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the selectively permeable film comprises:

porous material;

perfluorinated polymer;

base polymer grafted with terminally sulphonated or carboxylated radicals, wherein the base polymer comprises substituted or unsubstituted polyolefin;

substituted or unsubstituted vinyl polymer, or a copolymer thereof;

or combinations thereof.

3. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the lipid bilayer comprises biological lipid, synthetic lipid, or combinations thereof.

4. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the selectively permeable film contains a positive charge.

5. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the selectively permeable film contains a negative charge.

6. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the selectively permeable film contains a mixture of positive and negative charges.

7. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the transport substance is in a lipid vesicle, detergent solution or combinations thereof.

8. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the transport substance comprises native protein, recombinant protein, or combinations thereof.

9. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the transport substance maintains transport function.

10. The membrane according to claim 1, wherein the membrane has an increased resistance to the flow of ions or molecules as compared to the film alone.

11. A fuel cell, comprising:

a. a selectively permeable film comprising at least one ionomer;

b. a bilayer formed on the film; and

c. at least one transport substance incorporated into the bilayer,

wherein the transport substance is capable of generating an electrochemical gradient of protons.

12. The fuel cell according to claim 11, wherein the electrochemical gradient of protons is continuous.

13. The fuel cell according to claim 12, wherein the electrochemical gradient of protons is produced at ambient temperatures.

14. A toxin detector, comprising:

a. a selectively permeable film supported membrane comprising;

a selectively permeable film comprising at least one ionomer;

a bilayer formed on the film; and

at least one transport substance incorporated into the bilayer, wherein the transport substance is capable of transporting the toxin; and

b. means to facilitate detection of a toxin in or near the membrane.

15. A protective device against toxins, comprising:

a. a selectively permeable film supported membrane; and

b. a material to be protected,

wherein the membrane is capable of generating an acid gradient, and wherein the coating protects against diffusion of toxins that are not degraded.

16. The device according to claim 15, wherein the selectively permeable film supported membrane comprises:

a. a selectively permeable film comprising at least one ionomer;

b. a bilayer formed on the film; and

c. at least one transport substance incorporated into the bilayer.

17. The device according to claim 15, wherein the material to be protected comprises a fabric, synthetic material, or combinations thereof.

18. The device according to claim 15, wherein the device further comprises at least one catalyst facilitating transport.

19. The device according to claim 15, wherein the protective device detoxifies toxins.