Spatially patterned substrates for chemical and biological sensing

• US 7,830,507 B2
• Filed: 02/13/2006
• Issued: 11/09/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 02/13/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: ASB International Services Limited
• Original Assignee: Optopo Inc.
• Inventors: Potuluri, Prasant, Sullivan, Michael E., Brady, David J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Toatley, Jr.; Gregory J
• Assistant Examiner(s): BRYANT, REBECCA CAROLE
• Application Number:
  US11/352,298
• Publication Number:
  US 20070188749A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,730 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 356/328
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/317 Special constructive features
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/6417 Spectrofluorimetric devices
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/31 Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry G01N21/72 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/554 detecting the surface plasmon resonance of nanostructured metals, e.g. localised surface plasmon resonance
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/6452 Individual samples arranged in a regular 2D-array, e.g. multiwell plates
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/648 using evanescent coupling or surface plasmon coupling for the excitation of fluorescence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/658 enhancement Raman, e.g. surface plasmons
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/06113 Coherent sources; lasers
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/062 LED's

Abstract

A system and method are provided for imaging a test substrate having a test surface that is configured to enable spectroscopic detection of one or more chemical or biological species, wherein the test surface includes a testing site disposed thereon according to a predetermined spatial pattern. The test substrate is provided in an image plane or a Fourier Transform plane of a sensor. The invention provides high throughput and high spectral resolution.

Claims

1. A patterned substrate spectrometer, comprising:

a test substrate;

a spatial pattern of chemically active substances for binding chemical or biological samples distributed across the test substrate according to a mathematical function;

a diffractive element;

a detector array;

a radiation source that emits radiation onto the spatial pattern;

one or more optical components that guide radiation radiated by the spatial pattern from the test substrate through the diffractive element and onto the detector array; and

a processor that receives an optical intensity from the detector array and calculates a mean spectrum of the spatial pattern from the optical intensity and the mathematical function.

2. The spectrometer of claim 1, further comprising

a test sample that binds to the spatial pattern, wherein the processor receives a second optical intensity from the detector array and calculates a second mean spectrum of the spatial pattern from the second optical intensity and the mathematical function.

3. The spectrometer of claim 2, wherein the test sample includes a chemical species.

4. The spectrometer of claim 2, wherein the test sample includes a biological species.

5. The spectrometer of claim 2, wherein the processor correlates a change between the mean spectrum and the second mean spectrum to a concentration of the test sample.

6. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the chemically active substance includes fluorescent tags.

7. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the chemically active substance includes nanoparticle assays.

8. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the detector array detects Raman scattering.

9. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the detector array detects localized surface plasmon resonance.

10. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the detector array detects fluorescence.

11. The spectrometer of claim 1, wherein the mathematical function includes a harmonic function.

12. A patterned substrate spectrometer, comprising:

a test substrate;

a spatial pattern of chemically active substances for binding chemical or biological samples distributed across the test substrate according to a mathematical function to generate diffraction orders;

a detector array;

a radiation source that emits radiation;

one or more optical components that guide radiation radiated by the radiation source through the spatial pattern and onto the detector array; and

a processor that receives an optical intensity from the detector array and calculates a mean spectrum of the spatial pattern from the optical intensity and the mathematical function.

13. The spectrometer of claim 12, further comprising

a test sample that binds to the spatial pattern, wherein the processor receives a second optical intensity from the detector array and calculates a second mean spectrum of the spatial pattern from the second optical intensity and the mathematical function.

14. The spectrometer of claim 13, wherein the test sample includes a chemical species.

15. The spectrometer of claim 13, wherein the test sample includes a biological species.

16. The spectrometer of claim 13, wherein the processor correlates a change between the mean spectrum and the second mean spectrum to a concentration of the test sample.

17. The spectrometer of claim 12, wherein the chemically active substance includes fluorescent tags.

18. The spectrometer of claim 12, wherein the chemically active substance includes nanoparticle assays.

19. The spectrometer of claim 12, wherein the detector array detects Raman scattering.

20. The spectrometer of claim 12, wherein the detector array detects localized surface plasmon resonance.

21. The spectrometer of claim 12, wherein the detector array detects fluorescence.

22. The spectrometer of claim 12, wherein the mathematical function includes a harmonic function.

23. A method for calculating a concentration of a test sample using a patterned substrate spectrometer, comprising:

distributing a spatial pattern of chemically active substances for binding chemical or biological samples across a test substrate of the patterned substrate spectrometer according to a mathematical function;

detecting a first optical intensity radiated by the spatial pattern using a detector array of the patterned substrate spectrometer;

receiving the first optical intensity from the detector array using a processor;

calculating a first mean spectrum of the spatial pattern from the first optical intensity and the mathematical function using the processor;

binding a test sample to the spatial pattern;

detecting a second optical intensity radiated by the test sample bound to the spatial pattern using a detector array;

receiving the second optical intensity from the detector array using a processor;

calculating a second mean spectrum of the spatial pattern from the second optical intensity and the mathematical function using the processor; and

calculating a concentration of the test sample from a difference between the first mean spectrum and the second mean spectrum using the processor.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the test substrate is located in an image plane of the patterned substrate spectrometer.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the test substrate is located in a Fourier transform plane of the patterned substrate spectrometer.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein the test sample includes a chemical species.

27. The method of claim 23, wherein the test sample includes a biological species.

28. The method of claim 23, wherein the chemically active substance includes fluorescent tags.

29. The method of claim 23, wherein the chemically active substance includes nanoparticle assays.

30. The method of claim 23, wherein the detector array detects Raman scattering.

31. The method of claim 23, wherein the detector array detects localized surface plasmon resonance.

32. The method of claim 23, wherein the detector array detects fluorescence.

33. The method of claim 23, wherein the mathematical function includes a harmonic function.

34. The method of claim 23, wherein the spatial pattern is selected to enhance spectral signal isolation and detection during spectroscopic detection.

35. The method of claim 23, wherein the spatial pattern enables the spectroscopic detection based on a single spectroscopic image of the test substrate.