Method and device for analyte measurement
First Claim
1. An apparatus for measuring a concentration of a target analyte in a sample containing at least one alternate analyte, the apparatus comprising:
- a light generation module comprising at least three light sources simultaneously generating a plurality of light wavelength bands, each light band of a narrow wavelength, the at least three light sources together comprising a non-monochromatic source;
the light generation module switching each of the plurality of light wavelength bands between two or more predetermined intensities;
a light combination module comprising a plurality of light -directing optical elements for combining the plurality of light bands into a narrow beam;
a focusing module comprising at least one of a module for directing;
(1) the narrow beam onto the sample and (2) the light collected from the sample onto a detector;
a detector for receiving light having passed through or reflected from the sample;
a measurement module for measuring a sum of received intensities of a set of the light bands in the narrow beam which have passed through or reflected from the sample; and
a determination module comprising a processor and circuitry for choosing the predetermined intensities of each of the plurality of light bands emitted by the light generation module so that a sum of the received intensities of the light bands which have passed through or reflected from the sample is a function of the concentration of the target analyte.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A device for non-invasively measuring concentration of one or more analytes in a living subject or a biological sample, wherein the device includes several light sources, a system for controlling the timing and intensity of the light source outputs, a system for passing the light through the subject or sample, a system for measuring the amount of light transmitted, and a system for relating the measurement to the concentration of the analyte in question. The light sources are narrow band sources at different wavelengths, and are capable of being rapidly switched between two levels of intensity. The actual number of light sources required and the wavelengths of the sources are dependent upon the specific analyte being measured.
69 Citations
38 Claims
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1. An apparatus for measuring a concentration of a target analyte in a sample containing at least one alternate analyte, the apparatus comprising:
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a light generation module comprising at least three light sources simultaneously generating a plurality of light wavelength bands, each light band of a narrow wavelength, the at least three light sources together comprising a non-monochromatic source; the light generation module switching each of the plurality of light wavelength bands between two or more predetermined intensities; a light combination module comprising a plurality of light -directing optical elements for combining the plurality of light bands into a narrow beam; a focusing module comprising at least one of a module for directing;
(1) the narrow beam onto the sample and (2) the light collected from the sample onto a detector;a detector for receiving light having passed through or reflected from the sample; a measurement module for measuring a sum of received intensities of a set of the light bands in the narrow beam which have passed through or reflected from the sample; and a determination module comprising a processor and circuitry for choosing the predetermined intensities of each of the plurality of light bands emitted by the light generation module so that a sum of the received intensities of the light bands which have passed through or reflected from the sample is a function of the concentration of the target analyte. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 38)
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21. An apparatus for measuring a concentration of a target analyte in a sample containing at least one alternate analyte, the apparatus comprising:
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a light generation module comprising light sources for generating a plurality of light wavelength bands each band of a narrow wavelength; a light combination module comprising a plurality of light -directing optical elements for combining the plurality of light bands into a narrow beam; a focusing module comprising at least one of a module for directing;
(1) the narrow beam onto the sample and (2) the light collected from the sample onto a detector;a detector for receiving light having passed through or reflected from the sample; a measurement module to measure a sum of received intensities of a set of the light bands which have passed through or reflected from the sample; a processor for choosing a generated intensity of each of the plurality of light bands emitted by the light generation module so that the received intensity of the combined light transmitted through or reflected from the sample is a function of the concentration of the target analyte; wherein the light generation module further comprises light sources, each generating one or more of the plurality of light bands; wherein one or more of the plurality of light sources generating a single light band are duplicated at different spatial locations within the light generation module; and wherein the processor uses one or more ratios of light transmission between duplicated sources to correct measurements of the target analyte concentration. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. A method of measuring a concentration of a target analyte in a sample containing at least one alternate analyte, the method comprising:
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generating a plurality of independently controlled light wavelength bands; switching a plurality of light bands between two or more predetermined waveband intensity distributions; combining the plurality of light bands into a narrow light beam; directing the narrow light beam onto the sample; detecting the light beam having passed through or reflected from the sample; measuring the intensity of the light beam which has passed through or reflected from the sample; determining the concentration of the target analyte based on a measured net difference in the intensity between two waveband intensity distributions in the measured light beam which has passed through or reflected from the sample, wherein the switched predetermined waveband intensity distributions are chosen to make said measured net difference in intensity sensitive to the concentration of the target analyte and insensitive to the concentration of at least one alternate analyte; and correcting the analyte concentration measurement using light transmission data from one or more light sources which have been duplicated at different locations in space. - View Dependent Claims (28)
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29. A method of measuring a concentration of a target analyte in a sample containing at least one alternate analyte, the method comprising:
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generating a plurality of light wavelength bands; combining the plurality of light bands into a narrow beam; directing the narrow beam onto the sample; detecting the narrow beam having passed through or reflected from the sample; measuring an intensity of the narrow beam which has passed through or reflected from the sample; determining the concentration of the target analyte based on the measured intensity of the narrow beam which has passed through or reflected from the sample; wherein generating a plurality of light bands further comprises generating a plurality of light bands using a plurality of light sources, each of the plurality of light sources generating one or more of the plurality of light bands; wherein one or more of the plurality of light sources generating a single light band are duplicated at different spatial locations within the light generation module; and wherein determining the concentration of the target analyte further comprises using one or more ratios of light transmission between duplicated sources to correct measurements of the target analyte concentration. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35)
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36. An apparatus for measuring a concentration of a target analyte in a sample containing at least one alternate analyte, the apparatus comprising:
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a light generation module comprising light sources for generating a plurality of light wavelength bands each band of a narrow wavelength; the light generation module switching each of the plurality of light wavelength bands between two or more predetermined intensities; a light combination module comprising a plurality of light-directing optical elements for combining the plurality of light bands into a narrow beam; a detector module for receiving light having passed through or reflected from the sample; a measurement module for measuring a sum of the intensities of the plurality of light bands which have passed through or reflected from the sample; and a memory module for retaining settings of the predetermined intensities of each of the plurality of light bands emitted by the light generation module, wherein said settings are chosen so that the sum of the intensities of the light which has passed through or reflected from the sample is a function of the concentration of the target analyte.
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37. An apparatus for measuring a concentration of a target analyte in a sample containing at least one alternate analyte, the apparatus comprising:
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alight generation module comprising light sources and a first at least one circuit for generating a plurality of light wavelength bands each band of a narrow wavelength; the light generation module switching each of the plurality of light wavelength bands between two or more predetermined intensities; a light combination module comprising a plurality of light-directing optical elements for combining the plurality of light bands into a narrow beam; a detector for receiving light having passed through or reflected from the sample; a measurement module comprising a second at least one circuit for measuring a sum of intensities of the plurality of light bands which have passed through or reflected from the sample; and a memory module for retaining settings of the predetermined intensities of each of the plurality of light bands emitted by the light generation module, wherein said settings are chosen so that the sum of the intensities of the light which has passed through or reflected from the sample is a function of the concentration of the target analyte.
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Specification