Robust decoder

• US 7,831,421 B2
• Filed: 05/31/2005
• Issued: 11/09/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Sun, Xiaoqin, Khalil, Hosam A., Chen, Wei-Ge, Koishida, Kazuhito, Wang, Tian
• Primary Examiner(s): Vo; Huyen X.
• Application Number:
  US11/142,602
• Publication Number:
  US 20060271373A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,988 Days
• Field of Search: 704206-208, 704/214, 704/216, 704/200.1, 704219-223, 704500-504, 704/210, 704/217, 704/200, 704/205, 704/228, 704/201, 704/215, 704/278, 702/183, 714/746
• US Class Current: 704/228
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/005 Correction of errors induced by the transmission channel, if related to the coding algorithm
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 21/045 using thinning out or insertion of a waveform

Abstract

Techniques and tools related to delayed or lost coded audio information are described. For example, a concealment technique for one or more missing frames is selected based on one or more factors that include a classification of each of one or more available frames near the one or more missing frames. As another example, information from a concealment signal is used to produce substitute information that is relied on in decoding a subsequent frame. As yet another example, a data structure having nodes corresponding to received packet delays is used to determine a desired decoder packet delay value.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method comprising:

processing a bit stream for an audio signal, including, when one or more missing frames is encountered while processing the bit stream,

based at least in part on one or more factors, at a computer processor, selecting a concealment technique from among multiple available signal-dependent concealment techniques, wherein the one or more factors comprise a classification of an available prior frame from an earlier point in the audio signal than the one or more missing frames and a classification of an available following frame from a later point in the audio signal than the one or more missing frames, a count of the one or more missing frames, the count indicating how many consecutive frames are missing, and wherein the classification of the available prior frame is one of a set of possible classifications comprising voiced and unvoiced;

determining whether the classification of the available prior frame is voiced or unvoiced and determining whether the classification of the available following frame is voiced or unvoiced, wherein;

if the classification of the available prior frame and the classification of the available following frame are both voiced, and the count of the one or more missing frames is less than a threshold value, then the selected concealment technique comprises bi-directional concealment; and

if the classification of the available prior frame is voiced, and the count of the one or more missing frames is more than a threshold value, then the selected concealment technique comprises unidirectional concealment;

performing the selected concealment technique; and

outputting a result.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein:

if the classification of the available prior frame is voiced, then the selected concealment technique comprises using a pitch extension technique to generate a concealment signal; and

if the classification of the available prior frame is unvoiced, then the selected concealment technique comprises generating the concealment signal based at least in part on energy of the available prior frame.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein if the classification of the available prior frame is voiced, then the selected concealment technique comprises adding noise to a concealment signal if the concealment signal is longer than a threshold duration.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein if the classification of the available prior frame is unvoiced, then the selected concealment technique comprises:

identifying multiple segments of the available prior frame;

using the multiple prior frame segments to generate multiple concealment signal segments; and

merging the multiple prior frame segments together with the multiple concealment segments to generate a concealment signal.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected concealment technique comprises:

generating an extension signal; and

adding noise to the extension signal to produce a concealment signal.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the selected concealment technique further comprises:

gradually decreasing energy of the extension signal along at least part of the audio signal; and

gradually increasing energy of the noise along the at least part of the audio signal.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein if the classification of the available prior frame is unvoiced then the selected concealment technique comprises a unidirectional concealment technique that is different than the unidirectional concealment technique for voiced content.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein, the selected concealment technique generates a concealment signal based at least in part on pitch cycles in one or more previous frames, including introducing pitch jitter;

and

wherein the introducing pitch jitter includes adding random or pseudorandom pitch offset adjustment factors to pitch for the concealment signal.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the random or pseudorandom pitch offset adjustment factors include positive and negative values.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein a separate random or pseudorandom pitch offset adjustment factor is applied to each of plural parts of the concealment signal.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the introducing includes increasing the pitch jitter as distance away from the one or more previous frames increases.