Methods and apparatus for dispensing solid pharmaceutical articles

• US 7,837,061 B2
• Filed: 05/18/2007
• Issued: 11/23/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/18/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Parata Systems, LLC (Becton, Dickinson & Co)
• Original Assignee: Parata Systems, LLC (Becton, Dickinson & Co)
• Inventors: Michelli, Richard D., Dummer, Andrew Kirk, Farnsworth, Bryan Patrick, Williams, Jeffrey P., Calderwood, David Alan
• Primary Examiner(s): Crawford; Gene
• Assistant Examiner(s): Randall, Jr.; Kelvin L
• Application Number:
  US11/750,710
• Publication Number:
  US 20080283549A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,285 Days
• Field of Search: 221/1, 221/9, 221/278
• US Class Current: 221/278
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 11/44 in which magazines the articles are stored in bulk
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 17/0092 for assembling and dispensing of pharmaceutical articles medical dispensers for private use, A61J7/00

Abstract

An apparatus for dispensing pharmaceutical articles includes a housing and a gas source to provide a positive pressure supply gas flow. The housing defines a hopper chamber to hold the articles, a dispensing channel fluidly connected to the hopper chamber, a drive jet outlet, and an agitation outlet. The dispensing channel has an inlet and an outlet and defines a flow path therebetween. The gas source is fluidly connected to each of the drive jet outlet and the agitation outlet to provide: a pressurized drive jet gas flow through the drive jet outlet to convey articles through the dispensing channel along the flow path; and a pressurized agitation gas flow through the agitation outlet to agitate articles in the hopper chamber.

Claims

1. An apparatus for dispensing pharmaceutical articles, the apparatus comprising:

a) a housing defining;

a hopper chamber to hold the articles;

a dispensing channel fluidly connected to the hopper chamber, the dispensing channel having an inlet and an outlet and defining a flow path therebetween;

a drive jet outlet; and

an agitation outlet; and

b) a gas source to provide a positive pressure supply gas flow, wherein the gas source is fluidly connected to each of the drive jet outlet and the agitation outlet to provide;

a pressurized drive jet gas flow through the drive jet outlet to convey articles through the dispensing channel along the flow path; and

a pressurized agitation gas flow through the agitation outlet to agitate articles in the hopper chamber;

wherein the agitation gas flow has a greater mass flow rate than the drive jet gas flow; and

wherein the apparatus is configured to generate the drive jet gas flow and the agitation gas flow simultaneously using the same gas source.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the agitation gas flow has a greater mass flow rate than the supply gas flow.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 including an air amplifier interposed and fluidly connected between the gas source and the agitation outlet.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the air amplifier is integrated into the housing.

5. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the air amplifier is configured to utilize the Coanda Effect.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein the agitation outlet is elongated.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein:

the housing further includes a second agitation outlet; and

the gas source is fluidly connected to the second agitation outlet to provide a second pressurized agitation gas flow through the second agitation outlet to agitate articles in the hopper chamber.

8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein:

the housing includes a divider wall configured to define, in the hopper chamber, a front region between the inlet and the divider wall and a rear region on a side of the divider wall opposite the front region, and to further form a choke passage between the front and rear regions;

the agitation outlet is a first agitation outlet and the agitation gas flow is a first agitation gas flow;

the first agitation outlet is positioned and configured to direct the first agitation gas flow into the front region to agitate articles in the front region; and

the second agitation outlet is positioned and configured to direct the second agitation gas flow into the rear region to agitate articles in the rear region.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein:

the drive jet gas flow is operative to convey the articles through the dispensing channel in a forward direction toward the outlet; and

the apparatus includes at least one valve operable to simultaneously provide the drive jet gas flow through the drive jet outlet and the first agitation gas flow through the first agitation outlet to dispense articles from the hopper chamber.

10. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein:

the drive jet gas flow is operative to convey the articles through the dispensing channel in a reverse direction toward the inlet; and

the apparatus includes at least one valve operable to simultaneously provide the drive jet gas flow through the drive jet outlet and the second agitation gas flow through the second agitation outlet.

11. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein a spacing between the divider wall and a floor of the housing is adjustable to adjust the size of the choke passage.

12. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the divider wall is angled with respect to vertical to support a load of the articles in the rear region.

13. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the housing is configured to direct tablets through the choke passage from the rear region to the front region.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the housing further includes a second divider wall configured to divide the rear region into a first rear region between the first and second divider walls and a second rear region on a side of the second divider wall opposite the first rear region, the second divider wall forming a second choke passage between the first and second rear regions, wherein the housing is configured to direct tablets through the second choke passage from the second rear region to the first rear region and thereafter from the first rear region to the front region.

15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein:

the drive jet gas flow is operative to convey the articles through the dispensing channel in a reverse direction toward the inlet; and

the apparatus includes a controller operative to simultaneously provide the drive jet gas flow through the drive jet outlet and the agitation gas flow through the agitation outlet responsive to a tablet jam condition.

16. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the housing includes a floor and a divider wall configured to define, in the hopper chamber:

a front region between the inlet and the divider wall;

a rear region on a side of the divider wall opposite the front region; and

a choke passage between the front and rear regions and between the divider wall and the floor;

wherein a spacing between the divider wall and the floor is adjustable to adjust the size of the choke passage.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the housing further includes a second divider wall configured to divide the rear region into a first rear region between the first and second divider walls and a second rear region on a side of the second divider wall opposite the first rear region, the second divider wall forming a second choke passage between the first and second rear regions and between the second divider wall and the floor, wherein the housing is configured to direct tablets through the second choke passage from the second rear region to the first rear region and thereafter from the first rear region to the front region.

18. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the agitation outlet is positioned and configured to direct a gas flow from the gas source into at least one of the front region and the rear region to agitate articles therein.

19. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the divider wall is angled with respect to vertical to support a load of the articles in the rear region.

20. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein:

the housing includes a divider wall configured to define, in the hopper chamber, a front region between the inlet and the divider wall and a rear region on a side of the divider wall opposite the front region, and to further form a choke passage between the front and rear regions;

the housing further includes a second agitation outlet and the gas source is fluidly connected to the second agitation outlet to provide a second pressurized agitation gas flow through the second agitation outlet to agitate articles in the hopper chamber;

the drive jet outlet is a forward drive jet outlet and the drive jet gas flow is a forward drive jet gas flow;

the housing further includes a reverse drive jet outlet and the gas source is fluidly connected to the reverse drive jet outlet to provide a reverse drive jet gas flow through the reverse drive jet outlet to convey articles through the dispensing channel along the flow path;

the agitation outlet is a first agitation outlet and the agitation gas flow is a first agitation gas flow;

the first agitation outlet is positioned and configured to direct the first agitation gas flow into the front region to agitate articles in the front region;

the second agitation outlet is positioned and configured to direct the second agitation gas flow into the rear region to agitate articles in the rear region;

the forward drive jet gas flow is operative to convey the articles through the dispensing channel in a forward direction toward the outlet;

the reverse drive jet gas flow is operative to convey the articles through the dispensing channel in a reverse direction toward the inlet; and

the apparatus is operative to alternate between a forward mode and a reverse mode, wherein;

in the forward mode, the apparatus simultaneously provides the forward drive jet gas flow through the forward drive jet outlet and the first agitation gas flow through the first agitation outlet to dispense articles from the hopper chamber while not providing the reverse drive jet gas flow and the second agitation gas flow; and

in the reverse mode, the apparatus simultaneously provides the reverse drive jet gas flow through the reverse drive jet outlet and the second agitation gas flow through the second agitation outlet to return articles to the hopper chamber while not providing the forward drive jet gas flow and the first agitation gas flow.

21. A method for dispensing pharmaceutical articles, the method comprising:

a) providing an apparatus including;

1) a housing defining;

a hopper chamber to hold the articles;

a dispensing channel fluidly connected to the hopper chamber, the dispensing channel having an inlet and an outlet and defining a flow path therebetween;

a drive jet outlet; and

an agitation outlet; and

2) a gas source to provide a positive pressure supply gas flow, wherein the gas source is fluidly connected to each of the drive jet outlet and the agitation outlet; and

b) providing the positive pressure supply gas flow from the gas source to each of the drive jet outlet and the agitation outlet to simultaneously generate, using the same gas source, each of a pressurized drive jet gas flow through the drive jet outlet and a pressurized agitation gas flow through the agitation outlet, wherein the drive jet gas flow conveys articles through the dispensing channel along the flow path and the agitation gas flow agitates articles in the hopper chamber;

wherein the agitation gas flow has a greater mass flow rate than the drive jet gas flow.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein the agitation gas flow has a greater mass flow rate than the supply gas flow.

23. The method of claim 21 including providing the supply gas flow from the gas source to the agitation outlet via an air amplifier interposed and fluidly connected between the gas source and the agitation outlet.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein the air amplifier is configured to utilize the Coanda Effect.

25. The method of claim 21 further including providing the positive pressure gas from the gas source to a second agitation outlet in the housing to generate a second pressurized agitation gas flow through the second agitation outlet to agitate articles in the hopper chamber.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein the agitation gas flow is a first agitation gas flow, the method including:

providing a divider wall configured to define, in the hopper chamber, a front region between the inlet and the divider wall and a rear region on a side of the divider wall opposite the first region, and to further form a choke passage between the front and rear regions;

directing the first agitation gas flow into a front region to agitate articles in the front region; and

directing the second agitation gas flow into the rear region to agitate articles in the rear region.

27. The method of claim 26 including:

conveying the articles through the dispensing channel in a forward direction toward the outlet using the drive jet gas flow; and

providing the drive jet gas flow through the drive jet outlet and the first agitation gas flow through the first agitation outlet simultaneously to dispense articles from the hopper chamber.

28. The method of claim 26 including:

conveying the articles through the dispensing channel in a reverse direction toward the inlet using the drive jet gas flow; and

providing the drive jet gas flow through the drive jet outlet and the second agitation gas flow through the second agitation outlet simultaneously.

29. The method of claim 21 including:

detecting a tablet jam condition; and

in response to the tablet jam condition, generating the drive jet gas flow and the agitation gas flow, wherein the drive jet gas flow is operative to convey the articles through the dispensing channel in a reverse direction toward the inlet.

30. The method of claim 21 wherein:

the housing includes a divider wall configured to define, in the hopper chamber, a front region between the inlet and the divider wall and a rear region on a side of the divider wall opposite the front region, and to further form a choke passage between the front and rear regions;

the housing further includes a second agitation outlet and the gas source is fluidly connected to the second agitation outlet to provide a second pressurized agitation gas flow through the second agitation outlet to agitate articles in the hopper chamber;

the drive jet outlet is a forward drive jet outlet and the drive jet gas flow is a forward drive jet gas flow;

the housing further includes a reverse drive jet outlet and the gas source is fluidly connected to the reverse drive jet outlet to provide a reverse drive jet gas flow through the reverse drive jet outlet to convey articles through the dispensing channel along the flow path;

the agitation outlet is a first agitation outlet and the agitation gas flow is a first agitation gas flow;

the first agitation outlet is positioned and configured to direct the first agitation gas flow into the front region to agitate articles in the front region;

the second agitation outlet is positioned and configured to direct the second agitation gas flow into the rear region to agitate articles in the rear region;

the forward drive jet gas flow is operative to convey the articles through the dispensing channel in a forward direction toward the outlet;

the reverse drive jet gas flow is operative to convey the articles through the dispensing channel in a reverse direction toward the inlet; and

the method includes alternating between a forward mode and a reverse mode, wherein;

in the forward mode, the apparatus simultaneously provides the forward drive jet gas flow through the forward drive jet outlet and the first agitation gas flow through the first agitation outlet to dispense articles from the hopper chamber while not providing the reverse drive jet gas flow and the second agitation gas flow; and

in the reverse mode, the apparatus simultaneously provides the reverse drive jet gas flow through the reverse drive jet outlet and the second agitation gas flow through the second agitation outlet to return articles to the hopper chamber while not providing the forward drive jet gas flow and the first agitation gas flow.