Assay plates, reader systems and methods for luminescence test measurements

• US 7,842,246 B2
• Filed: 06/28/2002
• Issued: 11/30/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 06/29/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Meso Scale Technologies, LLC
• Original Assignee: Meso Scale Technologies, LLC
• Inventors: Wohlstadter, Jacob N., Kishbaugh, Alan, Jeffrey-Coker, Bandele, Wilbur, James, Fischer, Alan B., Debad, Jeff D., Glezer, Eli, Clinton, Charles, Johnson, Kent, Sigal, George
• Primary Examiner(s): Ludlow; Jan M
• Application Number:
  US10/185,274
• Publication Number:
  US 20040022677A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,077 Days
• Field of Search: 422/102, 422/82.01, 422/82.02, 422/52, 435/288.4, 435/305.2
• US Class Current: 422/401
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/021 Identification, e.g. bar codes
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0645 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0829 Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0851 Bottom walls
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/12 Specific details about materials
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5085 for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 9/50 Clamping means, tongs in general F16B2/06
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 9/56 Means for indicating position of a recipient or sample in an array
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/042 moved independently, e.g. by fork manipulator
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0425 Stacks, magazines or elevators for plates
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/0494 Detecting or compensating piositioning errors
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/253 for batch operation, i.e. multisample apparatus analytical automats G01N35/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/645 Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/66 electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/69 specially adapted for fluids , e.g. molten metal
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/76 Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49155 Manufacturing circuit on or in base
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 83/04 Processes

Abstract

Luminescence test measurements are conducted using an assay module having integrated electrodes with a reader apparatus adapted to receive assay modules, induce luminescence, preferably electrode induced luminescence, in the wells or assay regions of the assay modules and measure the induced luminescence.

Claims

1. A multi-well plate comprising a plate top having plate top openings and a plate bottom mated to said plate top to define wells of said multi-well plate, said plate bottom comprising a substrate having a top surface with electrodes patterned thereon and a bottom surface with electrical contacts patterned thereon, wherein said electrodes and contacts are patterned to define two or more independently addressable sectors of two or more jointly addressable assay wells, each sector comprising two or more wells with:

(a) jointly addressable working electrodes on said top surface of said substrate, wherein each of said working electrodes is electrically connected with each other and connected to at least a first of said electrical contacts; and

(b) jointly addressable counter electrodes on said top surface of said substrate, wherein each of said counter electrodes is electrically connected with each other, but not with said working electrodes, and connected to at least a second of said electrical contacts.

2. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said multi-well plate is a 4 well plate, 6 well plate, 24 well plate, 96 well plate, 384 well plate, 1536 well plate, 6144 well plate or 9600 well plate.

3. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said independently addressable sectors include less than 50% of said wells of said multi-well plate.

4. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said independently addressable sectors include less than 20% of said wells of said multi-well plate.

5. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said independently addressable sectors comprise a 4×

4 array of said wells.

6. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said multi-well plate comprises a 2×

3 array of independently addressable sectors.

7. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said independently addressable sectors comprise one or more rows or one or more columns of said wells.

8. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said electrodes comprise carbon particles.

9. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said electrodes comprise a printed conductive material.

10. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein one or more of said electrodes comprise a plurality of assay domains formed thereon.

11. The multi-well plate of claim 10, wherein said plurality of assay domains comprises at least four assay domains.

12. The multi-well plate of claim 10, wherein said plurality of assay domains comprises at least seven assay domains.

13. The multi-well plate of claim 10, wherein said plurality of assay domains comprises at least ten assay domains.

14. The multi-well plate of claim 1, further comprising a luminescent label in one or more of said wells.

15. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said multi-well plate further includes one or more wells useful in the conduct of a chemiluminescence and/or fluorescence assay.

16. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein the inner surface of said wells is substantially free of silicon and silicone.

17. A method of making the multi-well plate of claim 1, comprising:

(a) forming said patterned electrodes on said top surface and said electrical contacts patterned on said bottom surface, thereby forming said patterned electrodes and contacts to define said independently addressable sectors of jointly addressable working electrodes and said jointly addressable counter electrodes; and

(b) attaching said plate top having a plurality of openings onto said plate bottom;

wherein said plurality of openings forms a plurality of wells, each having at least one of said working electrodes.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein said forming step (a) further comprises

(i) introducing a plurality of through-holes in said substrate;

and

(ii) screen-printing said patterned electrodes and/or said electrical contacts and thereby filling said through-holes with a conducting material to provide an electrical connection between said working electrodes and said electrical contacts.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein said introducing step (i) comprises a method selected from the group consisting of punching, drilling, burning, laser-drilling, machining, etching and a combination thereof.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein said conductive material is a conductive ink.

21. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said electrodes comprise metal-coated pressure sensitive adhesive.

22. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein at least one well comprises a surface of said working electrodes and said surface is bounded by a dielectric surface.

23. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein at least one of said working electrodes in at least one of said wells of said multi-well plate has one or more assay domains comprising immobilized reagents, said assay domains being defined by openings in one or more dielectric layers supported on said at least one working electrode.

24. The multi-plate of claim 1, wherein said plate top comprises a plurality of rows of openings and said plate bottom comprises said working electrodes and said counter electrodes patterned as strips on said plate bottom, wherein said plate top is affixed to said plate bottom thereby forming a plurality of rows of wells defined by said openings, wherein the bottom of each well comprises an exposed portion of at least one working electrode strip and two exposed edge portions of at least one of said counter electrodes strips.

25. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein said plate bottom comprises an insulating substrate and a conductive substrate, wherein said conductive substrate is folded around said insulating substrate forming said electrodes on a first side of said insulating substrate and said electrical contacts on a second side of said insulating substrate.

26. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein at least one of said wells comprises a surface of one of said working electrodes, said surface having a plurality of assay domains formed thereon.

27. The multi-well plate of claim 26, wherein said assay domains are independently addressable.

28. The multi-well plate of claim 1, wherein two or more of said wells of said multi-well plate each comprise a working electrode surface formed by applying one or more layers of carbon onto a conductive layer comprising silver.

29. A multi-well plate according to claim 1 wherein said electrodes patterned on said top surface are electrically connected to said electrical contacts patterned on said bottom surface, wherein said substrate further comprises one or more conductive through-holes electrically that provide said electrical connections between said electrodes patterned on said top surface and said electrical contacts patterned on said bottom surface.