Electro-optic display and materials for use therein
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A process for forming a layer of an anisotropic adhesive having greater conductivity perpendicular to the plane of the layer than in this plane, the process comprising:
- dispersing a plurality of conductive particles in an adhesive matrix, the particles having a complex conductivity differing from that of the matrix;
applying to the particles/matrix mixture an electric or magnetic field effective to cause the particles to form conductive strands extending substantially perpendicular to the plane of the layer; and
increasing the viscosity of the matrix to prevent the particles moving out of the strands.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
An electro-optic display comprises a layer (130) of a solid electro-optic material, at least one electrode disposed adjacent the layer (130) of electro-optic material, and a layer (180) of a lamination adhesive interposed between the layer (130) of electro-optic material and the electrode, the lamination adhesive (180) having a higher electrical conductivity in a direction perpendicular to the layer of lamination adhesive than in the plane of the layer.
-
Citations
29 Claims
-
1. A process for forming a layer of an anisotropic adhesive having greater conductivity perpendicular to the plane of the layer than in this plane, the process comprising:
- dispersing a plurality of conductive particles in an adhesive matrix, the particles having a complex conductivity differing from that of the matrix;
applying to the particles/matrix mixture an electric or magnetic field effective to cause the particles to form conductive strands extending substantially perpendicular to the plane of the layer; and
increasing the viscosity of the matrix to prevent the particles moving out of the strands. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
- dispersing a plurality of conductive particles in an adhesive matrix, the particles having a complex conductivity differing from that of the matrix;
-
9. A microcavity electrophoretic display comprising a layer of a binder having a plurality of closed cavities formed therein, said cavities being at least partially filled with an electrophoretic medium comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising at least one electrode arranged to apply an electric field to the electrophoretic medium, the binder being characterized by any one or more of the following:
-
(a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10°
C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25°
C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;(b) having a volume resistivity which changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(c) having a shear modulus at 120°
C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the binder is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer; (f) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the binder to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than about 2 percent;(g) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the binder to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than a factor of about 100;(h) the solubility of the fluid in the binder does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50°
C.; and(i) the binder is substantially free from mobile species. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11)
-
-
12. An article of manufacture comprising in order:
-
a light-transmissive electrically-conductive layer; a layer of an electrophoretic medium in electrical contact with the electrically-conductive layer, the electrophoretic medium comprising a binder having a plurality of closed cavities formed therein, said cavities being at least partially filled with an electrophoretic medium comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium; an adhesive layer; and a release sheet, the binder being characterized by any one or more of the following; (a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10°
C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25°
C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;(b) having a volume resistivity which changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(c) having a shear modulus at 120°
C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the binder is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer; (f) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the binder to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than about 2 percent;(g) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the binder to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than a factor of about 100;(h) the solubility of the fluid in the binder does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50°
C.; and(i) the binder is substantially free from mobile species. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14)
-
-
15. An article of manufacture comprising:
-
a layer of an electrophoretic medium having first and second surfaces on opposed sides thereof, the electrophoretic medium comprising a binder having a plurality of closed cavities formed therein, said cavities being at least partially filled with an internal comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium; a first adhesive layer on the first surface of the layer of electrophoretic medium; a release sheet disposed on the opposed side of the first adhesive layer from the layer of electrophoretic medium; and a second adhesive layer on the second surface of the layer of electrophoretic medium, the binder being characterized by any one or more of the following; (a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10°
C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25°
C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;(b) having a volume resistivity which changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(c) having a shear modulus at 120°
C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the binder is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer; (f) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the binder to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than about 2 percent;(g) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the binder to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than a factor of about 100;(h) the solubility of the fluid in the binder does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50°
C.; and(i) the binder is substantially free from mobile species. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17)
-
-
18. An article of manufacture comprising in order:
-
a light-transmissive electrically-conductive layer; a layer of a solid electro-optic medium in electrical contact with the electrically-conductive layer;
an adhesive layer; anda release sheet, the adhesive layer being characterized by any one or more of the following; (a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10°
C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25°
C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;(b) the volume resistivity of the adhesive changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(c) the adhesive has a shear modulus at 120°
C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the adhesive is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the electro-optic medium within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer; (f) being substantially free from mobile species. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20)
-
-
21. An article of manufacture comprising in order:
-
a light-transmissive electrically-conductive layer; a layer of an electrophoretic medium in electrical contact with the electrically-conductive layer, the electrophoretic medium comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium; an adhesive layer; and a release sheet, the adhesive layer being characterized by any one or more of the following; (a) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the adhesive layer is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(b) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the adhesive layer to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than about 2 percent;(c) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the adhesive layer to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than a factor of about 100; and(d) the solubility of the fluid in the adhesive layer does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50°
C. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23)
-
-
24. An article of manufacture comprising:
-
a layer of a solid electro-optic medium having first and second surfaces on opposed sides thereof; a first adhesive layer on the first surface of the layer of solid electro-optic medium; a release sheet disposed on the opposed side of the first adhesive layer from the layer of solid electro-optic medium; and a second adhesive layer on the second surface of the layer of solid electro-optic medium, at least one of first and second adhesive layers being characterized by any one or more of the following; (a) having a volume resistivity, measured at 10°
C., which does not change by a factor of more than about 3 after being held at 25°
C. and 45 percent relative humidity for 1000 hours;(b) the volume resistivity of the adhesive changes by a factor of less than about 10 within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(c) the adhesive has a shear modulus at 120°
C. of not more than about 1 megaPascal;(d) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the adhesive is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the electro-optic medium within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(e) comprising an ultra-violet stabilizer; and (f) being substantially free from mobile species. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26)
-
-
27. An article of manufacture comprising:
-
a layer of an electrophoretic medium having first and second surfaces on opposed sides thereof, the electrophoretic medium comprising a plurality of electrically charged particles in a fluid and capable of moving therethrough on application of an electric field to the electrophoretic medium; a first adhesive layer on the first surface of the layer of electrophoretic medium; a release sheet disposed on the opposed side of the first adhesive layer from the layer of electrophoretic medium; and a second adhesive layer on the second surface of the layer of electrophoretic medium, at least one of first and second adhesive layers being characterized by any one or more of the following; (a) the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the adhesive layer is not greater than the product of the dielectric constant and the volume resistivity of the fluid within a range of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity and over a temperature range of 10 to 50°
C.;(b) the ratio of the dielectric constant of the adhesive layer to the dielectric constant of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than about 2 percent;(c) the ratio of the volume resistivity of the adhesive layer to the volume resistivity of the fluid within the temperature over the range of from 10 to 50°
C. does not vary from this ratio at 25°
C. by more than a factor of about 100; and(d) the solubility of the fluid in the adhesive layer does not exceed about 1 percent weight/weight over the range of 10 to 50°
C. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29)
-
Specification