Uninterruptible power supply

• US 7,843,676 B2
• Filed: 03/11/2009
• Issued: 11/30/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 08/15/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: American Power Conversion Corporation (Schneider Electric SE)
• Original Assignee: American Power Conversion Corporation (Schneider Electric SE)
• Inventors: Beg, Mirza A., Klikic, Damir, Melanson, Mark R., Samstad, Jeffrey B., Kotlyar, Edward
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen; Danny
• Application Number:
  US12/402,202
• Publication Number:
  US 20090231892A1
• Time in Patent Office: 629 Days
• Field of Search: 361/78, 361/79, 361/93.1, 307 64- 66
• US Class Current: 361/93.1
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/062 for AC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/10 Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc

Abstract

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system includes an AC power input configured to receive AC power from a single-phase AC power source or a multi-phase AC power source, a DC power source, an output circuit including a power output, a controllable switch configured to selectively couple at least one of the AC power input and the DC power source to the output circuit, and a processor coupled and configured to affect operation of the output circuit depending upon which of single-phase and multi-phase operation of the UPS is indicated.

Claims

1. A short-circuit response device for use in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system, the device comprising:

an inverter coupled to an output of power circuitry of the UPS, the inverter including an output configured to be coupled to a load to provide power to the load; and

a processor coupled to the inverter and configured to turn off the inverter if the inverter is determined to be coupled to a short circuit for longer than a threshold amount of time, wherein a determination of whether the inverter is coupled to the short circuit is based on a waveshape of an output voltage of the inverter,

wherein the processor is configured to provide a signal to inhibit the UPS from being connected in a bypass configuration coupling an input power source of the UPS directly to the load if the load has been determined to include a short circuit.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to provide a signal to shut the inverter off if the inverter is determined to be coupled to the short circuit.

3. The device of claim 1, further comprising a waveshape detector coupled to the inverter and the processor and configured to provide a waveshape indication to the processor.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein, in a current-limit mode of operation, the inverter is configured to limit current provided to the load to a maximum current, and wherein, in the current-limit mode of operation, the waveshape detector is configured to provide the waveshape indication to the processor that the inverter output is valid regardless of the waveshape of the output voltage.

5. The device of claim 3, wherein, in a current-limit mode of operation, the inverter is configured to limit current provided to the load to a maximum current, and wherein, in the current-limit mode of operation, operation of the waveshape detector is disabled.

6. The device of claim 1, further comprising a waveshape detector included in the processor, wherein the waveshape detector is configured to provide a waveshape indication indicative of whether the waveshape of the output voltage is valid.

7. A method of short circuit protection for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) that includes an inverter having an output which is coupled to a load, the method comprising acts of:

monitoring a waveshape of an output voltage of the inverter to determine whether the load includes a short circuit;

turning the inverter off if the waveshape of the output voltage indicates that the short circuit exists;

providing a predetermined threshold amount of time that the waveshape indicates the short circuit exists before turning the inverter off; and

establishing the predetermined threshold amount of time to turn the inverter off before the short circuit propagates to an AC power source coupled to an input of the UPS.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising an act of coordinating the predetermined threshold time with an operation of at least one overcurrent protection device which is coupled to an input of the inverter.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the UPS includes a waveshape detector coupled to the output of the inverter, and wherein the method further comprises acts of:

monitoring the waveshape with the waveshape detector; and

generating, based on the waveshape and with the waveshape detector, an output signal indicative of whether the short circuit exists.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the UPS includes a processor coupled to the waveshape detector and the inverter, and wherein the method further comprises an act of communicating the output signal to the processor.

11. The method of claim 9, further comprising an act of generating, during startup of the UPS, the output signal to indicate that the short circuit does not exist.

12. The method of claim 9, further comprising an act of establishing the predetermined threshold amount of time to avoid a false determination that the short circuit exists which would otherwise result from load transients expected during a normal operation of the load.

13. A short-circuit response device for use in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system, the device comprising:

an inverter coupled to an output of power circuitry of the UPS, the inverter including an output configured to be coupled to a load to provide power to the load;

means for monitoring a waveshape of an output voltage of an inverter to determine whether the inverter is coupled to a short circuit for longer than a threshold amount of time;

means for turning off the inverter responsive to a determination that the inverter is coupled to the short circuit for longer than the threshold amount of timer; and

a processor, wherein the processor includes the means for monitoring the waveshape and the means for turning off the inverter, and wherein the means for monitoring the waveshape of the output voltage comprises means for providing a waveshape indication of whether the waveshape is valid to the means for turning off the inverter.

14. The device of claim 13, wherein in a current-limit mode of operation of the inverter, the means for providing the waveshape indication is disabled.

15. The device of claim 13, wherein the means for turning off the inverter is configured to turn the inverter off to prevent the short circuit from being propagated to one or more upstream overcurrent protection devices.

16. A short-circuit response device for use in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system, the device comprising:

an inverter coupled to an output of power circuitry of the UPS, the inverter including an output configured to be coupled to a load to provide power to the load;

a processor coupled to the inverter and configured to turn off the inverter if the inverter is determined to be coupled to a short circuit for longer than a threshold amount of time, wherein a determination of whether the inverter is coupled to the short circuit is based on a waveshape of an output voltage of the inverter; and

a waveshape detector included in the processor, wherein the waveshape detector is configured to provide a waveshape indication indicative of whether the waveshape of the output voltage is valid.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein, in a current-limit mode of operation, the inverter is configured to limit current provided to the load to a maximum current, and wherein, during the current limiting mode of operation, the waveshape detector is configured to be one of disabled, and configured to provide the waveshape indication which indicates that the inverter output is valid regardless of the waveshape of the output voltage.

18. A method of short circuit protection for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) that includes an inverter having an output which is coupled to a load and a waveshape detector coupled to the output of the inverter, the method comprising acts of:

monitoring a waveshape of an output voltage of the inverter to determine whether the load includes a short circuit;

turning the inverter off if the waveshape of the output voltage indicates that the short circuit exists;

providing a predetermined threshold amount of time that the waveshape indicates the short circuit exists before turning the inverter off;

monitoring the waveshape with the waveshape detector;

generating, based on the waveshape and with the waveshape detector, an output signal indicative of whether the short circuit exists; and

establishing the predetermined threshold amount of time to avoid a false determination that the short circuit exists which would otherwise result from load transients expected during a normal operation of the load.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising an act of establishing the predetermined threshold amount of time as about 500 milliseconds.