Hybrid vehicle and method of controlling the same

• US 7,847,495 B2
• Filed: 08/30/2006
• Issued: 12/07/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 09/01/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Oyobe, Hichirosai, Nakamura, Makoto
• Primary Examiner(s): Benson; Walter
• Assistant Examiner(s): Dinh; Thai
• Application Number:
  US11/919,501
• Publication Number:
  US 20090058326A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,560 Days
• Field of Search: 318/53, 318/105, 318/106, 180/53.1, 180/54.1, 180/65.1, 180/65.3, 180/65.5, 180/69.4, 180/69.5, 180/69.6
• US Class Current: 318/53
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/32 characterised by the fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/26 Transition between different drive modes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/40 for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/28 including control of fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2540/215 Selection or confirmation of options
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/082 Selecting or switching between different modes of propelling
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/085 Changing the parameters of the control units, e.g. changing limit values, working points by control input
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2300/476 Regeneration of particle filters
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 16/006 : of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2201/09 : Boost converter, i.e. DC-DC step up converter increasing the voltage between the supply and the inverter driving the motor
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 : Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 : Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/84 : Data processing systems or methods, management, administration
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/40 : Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

A hybrid automobile, wherein a second power source operated with less frequency can be forcibly operated. The hybrid automobile comprises a storage battery as a first power source. The hybrid automobile further comprises an engine and a motor generator or a fuel cell as the second power source. When the hybrid automobile is run by the first power source, a driver can change over an operation mode to a running by the second power source by operating an input device. The hybrid automobile further comprises a notification means for prompting the driver to operate the input device when the non-operating time of the second power source exceeds a predetermined time or longer.

Claims

1. A hybrid vehicle comprising:

first and second motive power sources;

control means to switch between a first travel mode of traveling by stopping said second motive power source and a second travel mode of traveling using said first and second motive power sources for controlling said first and second motive power sources according to selected said first or second travel mode;

an input device actuated by a user for switching a travel mode to said second travel mode during traveling in said first travel mode;

timer means for counting a non-operating time of said second motive power source; and

notification means for prompting a driver to operate said input device when said non-operating time is equal to or longer than a first prescribed time.

2. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said first motive power source includes a first electric rotating machine and an electricity storage device supplying electric power to said first electric rotating machine,

said second motive power source includes an internal combustion engine,

said first travel mode is an electric vehicle mode of traveling by stopping said internal combustion engine and driving said first electric rotating machine, and

said second travel mode is a hybrid mode of traveling by driving said first electric rotating machine and said internal combustion engine.

3. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising an electric power input portion receiving electric power provided from an outside of the vehicle for charging said electricity storage device.

4. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 3, further comprising:

a second electric rotating machine generating electric power using an output of said internal combustion engine and being able to supply the generated electric power to said electricity storage device;

first and second inverters provided respectively corresponding to said first and second electric rotating machines; and

inverter control means for controlling said first and second inverters, wherein

said first and second electric rotating machines respectively include first and second three-phase coils as stator coils,

said electric power input portion includes

a first terminal connected to a neutral point of said first three-phase coil, and

a second terminal connected to a neutral point of said second three-phase coil, and

said inverter control means controls said first and second inverters such that alternating-current power provided to said first and second terminals is converted into direct-current power to be provided to said electricity storage device.

5. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said first motive power source includes an electric rotating machine and an electricity storage device capable of supplying electric power to said electric rotating machine,

said second motive power source includes a fuel cell capable of supplying electric power to said electric rotating machine,

said first travel mode is an electric vehicle mode of traveling by stopping said fuel cell and driving said electric rotating machine using electric power from said electricity storage device, and

said second travel mode is a hybrid mode of traveling by driving said electric rotating machine using electric power from said fuel cell and said electricity storage device.

6. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said control means switches the travel mode from said first travel mode to said second travel mode when the non-operating time of said second motive power source is equal to or longer than a second prescribed time which is longer than said first prescribed time.

7. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein when an operating time of said second motive power source is shorter than a third prescribed time, said timer means counts said non-operating time, assuming that a non-operating state of said second motive power source continues.

8. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising detection means for detecting a remaining amount of energy of said second motive power source, wherein

when said remaining amount of energy is lower than a prescribed amount, said control means halts switching from said first travel mode to said second travel mode.

9. A control method of controlling a hybrid vehicle including first and second motive power sources,

wherein said hybrid vehicle travels in a first travel mode of traveling by stopping said second motive power source or a second travel mode of traveling using said first and second motive power sources,

said control method comprising:

a first step of determining whether or not traveling is in said first travel mode;

a second step of determining whether or not an input device for switching a travel mode to said second travel mode, according to a travel mode switch instruction input by a driver, is operated by the driver, when it is determined that traveling is in said first travel mode;

a third step of switching the travel mode from said first travel mode to said second travel mode, when it is determined that said input device is operated;

a fourth step of counting a non-operating time of said second motive power source; and

a fifth step of prompting a driver to operate said input device, when said non-operating time is equal to or longer than a first prescribed time.

10. The control method according to claim 9, further comprising a sixth step of switching the travel mode from said first travel mode to said second travel mode, when the non-operating time of said second motive power source is equal to or longer than a second prescribed time which is longer than said first prescribed time.

11. The control method according to claim 10, further comprising:

a seventh step of detecting a remaining amount of energy of said second motive power source; and

an eighth step of halting switching from said first travel mode to said second travel mode, when said remaining amount of energy is lower than a prescribed amount.

12. The control method according to claim 9, wherein when an operating time of said second motive power source is shorter than a third prescribed time, said fourth step counts said non-operating time, assuming that a non-operating state of said second motive power source continues.

13. The control method according to claim 9, wherein

said first motive power source includes a first electric rotating machine and an electricity storage device supplying electric power to said first electric rotating machine,

said second motive power source includes an internal combustion engine,

said hybrid vehicle further includes

an electric power input portion receiving electric power provided from an outside of the vehicle for charging said electricity storage device,

a second electric rotating machine generating electric power using an output of said internal combustion engine and being able to supply the generated electric power to said electricity storage device, and

first and second inverters provided respectively corresponding to said first and second electric rotating machines,

said first and second electric rotating machines respectively include first and second three-phase coils as stator coils,

said electric power input portion includes

a first terminal connected to a neutral point of said first three-phase coil, and

a second terminal connected to a neutral point of said second three-phase coil, and

said control method further comprises another step of controlling said first and second inverters such that alternating-current power provided to said first and second terminals is converted into direct-current power to be provided to said electricity storage device.

14. A hybrid vehicle comprising:

first and second motive power sources;

control means to switch between a first travel mode of traveling by stopping said second motive power source and a second travel mode of traveling using said first and second motive power sources for controlling said first and second motive power sources according to selected said first or second travel mode;

an input device actuated by a user for switching a travel mode to said second travel mode during traveling in said first travel mode,

wherein said first motive power source includes a first electric rotating machine and an electricity storage device supplying electric power to said first electric rotating machine,

said second motive power source includes an internal combustion engine,

said first travel mode is an electric vehicle mode of traveling by stopping said internal combustion engine and driving said first electric rotating machine,

said second travel mode is a hybrid mode of traveling by driving said first electric rotating machine and said internal combustion engine, and

the hybrid vehicle further comprises an electric power input portion receiving electric power provided from an outside of the vehicle for charging said electricity storage device;

a second electric rotating machine generating electric power using an output of said internal combustion engine and supplying the generated electric power to said electricity storage device;

first and second inverters provided respectively corresponding to said first and second electric rotating machines; and

inverter control means for controlling said first and second inverters,

said first and second electric rotating machines respectively include first and second three-phase coils as stator coils,

said electric power input portion includes a first terminal connected to a neutral point of said first three-phase coil and

a second terminal connected to a neutral point of said second three-phase coil, and

said inverter control means controls said first and second inverters such that alternating-current power provided to said first and second terminals is converted into direct- current power to be provided to said electricity storage device.

15. A control method of controlling a hybrid vehicle including first and second motive power sources,

wherein said hybrid vehicle travels in a first travel mode of traveling by stopping said second motive power source or a second travel mode of traveling using said first and second motive power sources,

said control method comprising:

a first step of determining whether or not traveling is in said first travel mode;

a second step of determining whether or not an input device for switching a travel mode to said second travel mode, according to a travel mode switch instruction input by a driver, is operated by the driver, when it is determined that traveling is in said first travel mode;

a third step of switching the travel mode from said first travel mode to said second travel mode, when it is determined that said input device is operated,

wherein said first motive power source includes a first electric rotating machine and an electricity storage device supplying electric power to said first electric rotating machine,

said second motive power source includes an internal combustion engine,

said hybrid vehicle further includes

an electric power input portion receiving electric power provided from an outside of the vehicle for charging said electricity storage device,

a second electric rotating machine generating electric power using an output of said internal combustion engine and being able to supply the generated electric power to said electricity storage device, and

first and second inverters provided respectively corresponding to said first and second electric rotating machines,

said first and second electric rotating machines respectively including first and second three-phase coils as stator coils,

said electric power input portion includes a first terminal connected to a neutral point of said first three-phase coil and a second terminal connected to a neutral point of said second three-phase coil, and

said control method further comprises another step of controlling said first and second inverters such that alternating-current power provided to said first and second terminals is converted into direct-current power to be provided to said electricity storage device.