Advanced matrix converter and method for operation

• US 7,848,121 B2
• Filed: 05/09/2008
• Issued: 12/07/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/14/2007
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Kojori, Hassan Ali
• Primary Examiner(s): Berhane; Adolf
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAM, EMILY P
• Application Number:
  US12/118,589
• Publication Number:
  US 20080285314A1
• Time in Patent Office: 942 Days
• Field of Search: 363/34, 363/37, 363/123, 363/56.12
• US Class Current: 363/37
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/32 Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/344 Active dissipative snubbers
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/271 from a three phase input voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/273 with digital control
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/293 using semiconductor devices only

Abstract

A matrix converter may be provided with AC switches that comprise bi-directional sets of semiconductor switches that are gated with a common gating link. A low loss diode-bridge based snubber may facilitate introduction of time delay between sequential operations of the bi-directional set of semiconductor switches. The matrix converter may be operated in a three-phase mode with only one gating signals for each AC switch, in contrast to prior-art matrix converters which may require use multiple gating signals for each AC switch.

Claims

1. A matrix converter comprising:

a plurality of at least N by M (N×

M) bidirectional alternating current (AC) switches, wherein

N corresponds to the number of AC system phases at an input of the matrix converter and M corresponds to the number of required phases at an output of the matrix converter,

each of the AC switches includes a bi-directional set of semiconductor switches coordinated to operate sequentially with a time-delay between sequential operations, each of the semiconductor switches having a common gating pattern; and

a snubber absorbing energy during the time delay where all the N switches of one of the M blocks are in the off-position.

2. The matrix converter of claim 1 comprising:

three-phase inputs; and

three-phase outputs, wherein;

a desired frequency and voltage of output of the matrix converter is produced by operation of gate driver signals for the bi-directional set of semiconductor switches of the matrix converter.

3. The matrix converter of claim 1 further comprising:

a time-delay incorporated for the AC switches;

the time-delay is introduced at every turn-on of their respective AC switches to prevent short-circuit of the source-side AC phases.

4. The matrix converter of claim 1, including a snubber circuit across each of the AC switches to deter current chopping by ensuring that no open-circuit condition occurs at an output side of the matrix converter.

5. The matrix converter of claim 1 wherein the snubber comprises:

a diode-bridge;

a capacitor;

a resistor; and

an auxiliary switch resulting in a dissipative energy discharge circuit connected in series between positive and negative terminals of the diode-bridge and allowing to regulate the capacitor within an upper-lower voltage level through a bang-bang control.

6. The matrix converter of claim 1, further comprising an energy recovery circuit, wherein the energy recovery circuit is one of a) a DC-DC converter to convert recovered energy into a regulated DC bus for use of other loads;

b) a DC-AC converter to convert recovered energy for achieving active filtering/damping at an input side of the matrix converter;

or c) a DC-AC converter to convert recovered energy for achieving active filtering/damping at an output side of the matrix converter.

7. The matrix converter of claim 1, wherein the semiconductor switches are MOSFET-Based AC switches with multiple MOSFETS in parallel resulting in reduction of Rds, wherein the MOSFET-Based AC switches have the ability to operate at high switching frequency.

8. A method for providing electrical power at a desired controlled frequency and voltage from a variable voltage variable frequency source, comprising the steps of:

supplying AC power to a matrix converter;

operating multiple semiconductor switches simultaneously with common gating;

introducing time-delay between successive operations of the semiconductor switches to preclude short-circuit of supply voltages or open circuit conditions at an output of the matrix converter;

absorbing energy in at least one diode-bridge based snubber during the time-delay, wherein each of said snubbers can work individually independent from each other, or integrated together to form a common Aux DC Bus, with common bus voltage and energy recovery circuit.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of managing stored energy, in which the recovered energy from the individual snubbers or an integrated snubber system with one common auxiliary DC Bus can be either a) dissipated in an individual/integrated snubber resistor or b) recovered by an energy recovery circuit.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein electrical power is provided from the source as three-phase power;

and

wherein a desired output voltage at a certain frequency is produced with nine gating signals as a minimum for each cycle of operation of the matrix converter.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the matrix converter operates with snubber gating patterns which are either the same as gating patterns for the sets of bi-directional semiconductors, when it is intended to fully discharge the capacitor voltage, or are determined in such a way to regulate the Aux DC Bus voltage well above natural rectification of the AC system to minimize energy flow to and circulation into the snubber circuit.