Implanting optical cavity structures

• US 7,852,490 B2
• Filed: 02/05/2007
• Issued: 12/14/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 02/05/2007
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Palo Alto Research Center, Inc. (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Palo Alto Research Center, Inc. (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Kiesel, Peter, Johnson, Noble M., Bruce, Richard H., Bassler, Michael, Schmidt, Oliver
• Primary Examiner(s): LEE, HWA S
• Application Number:
  US11/702,329
• Publication Number:
  US 20080186483A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,408 Days
• Field of Search: 356/356, 356/450, 356/454, 356/517, 356/519
• US Class Current: 356/519
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0075 by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy A61B5/0071 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0084 for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters A61B5/1459 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1459 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1464 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/03 Cuvette constructions
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/0303 Optical path conditioning in cuvettes, e.g. windows; adapted optical elements or systems; path modifying or adjustment G01N21/031 - G01N21/15 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/274 Calibration, base line adjustment, drift correction
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/31 Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry G01N21/72 takes precedence

Abstract

An implantable product includes an optical cavity structure with first and second parts, each of which can operate as an optical cavity. The first part includes a container with at least one opening through which bodily fluid can transfer between the container'"'"'s interior and exterior when the product is implanted in a body. The second part includes a container that is closed and contains a reference fluid. The implantable product can also include one or both of a light source component and a photosensing component. Photosensed quantities from the first part'"'"'s output light can be adjusted based on photosensed quantities from the second part'"'"'s output light. Both parts can have their light interface surfaces aligned so that they both receive input light from a light source component and both provide output light to a photosensing component.

Claims

1. An implantable product comprising:

an optical cavity structure operating as an interferometer;

the optical cavity structure including;

first and second optical cavity parts, each operable as a respective optical cavity and each including a respective light transmissive portion, and wherein light input to the first and second optical cavity parts is reflected more than once across the respective light transmissive portions;

each of the first and second optical cavity parts including a respective container;

the first part'"'"'s container having at least one opening through which bodily fluid can transfer between the container'"'"'s interior and exterior when the product is implanted in a body;

the second part'"'"'s container being closed and containing a reference fluid.

2. The implantable product of claim 1, further comprising:

a photosensing component connected to the optical cavity structure and positioned to receive light from both of the first and second optical cavity parts.

3. The implantable product of claim 2, further comprising:

circuitry that receives sensing results from the photosensing component and uses the sensing results to obtain information about bodily fluid in the first optical cavity part'"'"'s container.

4. The implantable product of claim 3 in which the circuitry adjusts photosensed quantities from the first optical cavity part'"'"'s output light based on photosensed quantities from the second optical cavity part'"'"'s output light to obtain the information about the bodily fluid.

5. The implantable product of claim 1 in which the reference fluid is a glucose solution.

6. A system comprising the implantable product of claim 1, the system further comprising:

processing circuitry that adjusts photosensed quantities from the first optical cavity part'"'"'s output light based on photosensed quantities from the second optical cavity part'"'"'s output light to obtain information about the bodily fluid in the first optical cavity part'"'"'s container.

7. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

a light source component that provides input light to both of the first and second optical cavity parts under control of the processing circuitry.

8. The system of claim 7 in which the processing circuitry controls the light source component to provide the input light so that each of the first and second optical cavity parts, when operating as an optical cavity, provides output light in a set of one or more modes.

9. The system of claim 6, further comprising:

a photosensing component that receives light from both of the first and second optical cavity parts and provides sensing results to the processing circuitry.

10. A method of making an implantable product, the method comprising:

making an optical cavity structure, operable as an interferometer, that includes first and second optical cavity parts, each operable as a respective optical cavity and each including a respective light transmissive portion, and wherein light input to the first and second optical cavity parts is reflected more than once across the respective light transmissive portions;

the act of making the optical cavity comprising;

making each of the first and second optical cavity parts to include a respective container;

the first part'"'"'s container having at least one opening through which bodily fluid can transfer between the container'"'"'s interior and exterior when the product is implanted in a body;

the second part'"'"'s container being closed and containing a reference fluid.

11. The method of claim 10 in which the act of making the optical cavity structure further comprises:

making first and second partial optical cavity structures; and

connecting the first and second partial optical cavity structures to form the optical cavity structure.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

connecting a photosensing component to the optical cavity structure.

13. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

connecting a light source component to the optical cavity structure.

14. An implantable product comprising:

an optical cavity structure, operable as an interferometer;

the optical cavity structure including;

first and second parts;

in each of the first and second parts, a respective container;

the first part'"'"'s container having at least one opening through which bodily fluid can transfer between the container'"'"'s interior and exterior when the product is implanted in a body;

the second part'"'"'s container being closed and containing a reference fluid;

in each of the first and second parts, a respective light-transmissive region that includes at least part of the part'"'"'s container;

in each of the first and second parts, a respective set of reflective surfaces that at least partially bound the respective light-transmissive region so that the part can operate as an optical cavity;

a first aligned light interface surface;

when at least one of the first and second parts is operating as an optical cavity, the first aligned light interface surface doing at least one of;

receiving input light from a light source, the input light from the light source entering both of the first and second parts through the first aligned light interface surface; and

providing output light to a photosensing component, the output light being provided from both of the first and second parts through the first aligned light interface surface.

15. The implantable product of claim 14 in which each of the first and second parts operates as a Fabry-Perot cavity.

16. The implantable product of claim 14, further comprising:

a light source connected to the optical cavity structure and positioned to provide light to the first aligned light interface surface.

17. The implantable product of claim 14, further comprising:

a photosensing component connected to the optical cavity structure and positioned to receive output light from the first aligned light interface surface.

18. The implantable product of claim 17, further comprising:

circuitry that receives sensing results from the photosensing component and uses the sensing results to obtain information about bodily fluid in the sampling container.

19. The implantable product of claim 14 in which the optical cavity structure further includes:

a second aligned light interface surface;

in use, the input light from the light source entering both of the first and second parts through the first aligned light interface surface and the output light from both of the first and second parts being provided through the second aligned light interface surface, and wherein the first aligned light interface surface is part of a first partial structure and wherein the first partial structure further includes a first light reflective component, and wherein the second aligned light interface is part of a second partial structure and wherein the second partial structure further includes a second light reflective component.

20. The implantable product of claim 14 in which the input light from the light source enters both of the first and second parts through the first aligned light interface surface and also the output light from both of the first and second parts is provided through the first aligned light interface surface.

21. The implantable product of claim 14 in which each of the first and second parts, when operating as an optical cavity, provides output light in a set of one or more modes.

22. The implantable product of claim 14 in which the first and second parts have first and second light interfaces, respectively;

the first and second light interfaces both being in the first aligned light interface surface such that at least one of;

the input light is received similarly by both the first and second light interfaces; and

the output light is provided similarly from both the first and second light interfaces.

23. An implantable product comprising:

an optical cavity structure;

the optical cavity structure including;

first and second light-transmissive structures separated by a light-transmissive region that includes first and second containers;

in use, the first and second containers containing different fluids; and

a wall-like structure in the light-transmissive region between the first and second containers and bounding each of the first and second containers in part;

at least one of the first and second containers having a set of one or more openings through which bodily fluid can transfer between the container'"'"'s interior and exterior when the product is implanted in a body;

each of the first and second light-transmissive structures including;

a respective reflective component bounding each of the first and second containers in part;

each of the first and second containers, together with the respective reflective components that bound the container, being operable as a respective optical cavity in which interference occurs in one or more photon energy subranges, the optical cavity providing output light in one or more transmissive and/or reflective modes;

the respective optical cavities of the first and second containers both having at least one mode that has a different intensity function as a result of the different fluids in the containers;

at least one of the first and second light-transmissive structures further including;

a respective light interface surface disposed away from the light-transmissive region, the light interface surface including, for each of the first and second containers, a respective light interface through which, in use, input light enters the container and/or output light is provided from the container;

the light interfaces of the first and second containers both being in the light interface surface such that at least one of;

input light is received similarly by both the light interfaces of the first and second containers; and

output light is provided similarly from both the light interfaces of the first and second containers.

24. The implantable product of claim 23 in which each of the first and second containers, together with the respective reflective components, operates as a Fabry-Perot cavity.

25. The implantable product of claim 23 in which both of the first and second containers, together with the respective reflective components, operate as homogeneous optical cavities.

26. The implantable product of claim 23 in which both of the first and second containers, together with the respective reflective components, operate as inhomogeneous optical cavities.

27. The implantable product of claim 26 in which the first and second containers, together with the respective reflective components, are tunable.

28. The implantable product of claim 23, further comprising:

a light source connected to the optical cavity structure and positioned to provide light to both of the first and second containers.

29. The implantable product of claim 23 in which each of the first and second containers, when operating together with the respective reflective components as an optical cavity, provides output light in a set of one or more modes.