Audio encoding with different coding frame lengths

• US 7,860,709 B2
• Filed: 05/13/2005
• Issued: 12/28/2010
• Est. Priority Date: 05/17/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Corporation
• Inventors: Makinen, Jari
• Primary Examiner(s): Dorvil; Richemond
• Assistant Examiner(s): BORSETTI, GREG
• Application Number:
  US11/129,662
• Publication Number:
  US 20050267742A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,055 Days
• Field of Search: 704/219, 704/500, 704/501, 704/E19.001, 704/E19.01, 704/E19.011, 704/201, 704/203, 704/220, 112/19
• US Class Current: 704/219
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/022 Blocking, i.e. grouping of samples in time; Choice of analysis windows; Overlap factoring
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/20 using sound class specific coding, hybrid encoders or object based coding

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for supporting an encoding of an audio signal, wherein at least one section of the audio signal is to be encoded with a coding model that allows the use of different coding frame lengths. In order to enable a simple selection of the respectively best suited coding frame length, it is proposed that at least one control parameter is determined based on signal characteristics of the audio signal. The control parameter is then used for limiting the options of possible coding frame lengths for the at least one section. The invention relates equally to a module 10,11 in which this method is implemented, to a device 1 and a system comprising such a module 10,11, and to a software program product including a software code for realizing the proposed method.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

determining, by an electronic device, for an encoding of a frame of an audio signal with a coding model that allows the use of different coding frame lengths at least one control parameter based at least on signal characteristics of said audio signal and on the number of audio signal frames in a superframe selected to be coded with another coding model, each superframe comprising a predetermined number of audio signal frames;

limiting, by said electronic device, options of possible coding frame lengths for said at least one audio signal frame by means of said at least one control parameter, said limitation resulting in a plurality of remaining options;

selecting, by said electronic device, a coding frame length for said audio signal frame from said remaining options; and

coding, using at least one of said coding model and at least one other coding model, in said superframe.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein selecting a coding frame length for said audio signal frame from said remaining options comprises:

encoding said at least one audio signal frame with each of said coding frame lengths, which remain as options of possible coding frame lengths after said limitation;

decoding said encoded audio signal frames with the respectively used coding frame length; and

selecting for said at least one audio signal frame a coding frame length which results in the best-decoded audio signal in said at least one audio signal frame.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein a coding frame length which results in the best decoded audio signal frame is determined by comparing a signal-to-noise ratio resulting for each of said coding frame lengths.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein for said signal-to-noise ratio of an audio signal obtained with a particular coding frame length, first a segmental signal-to-noise ratio is determined separately for a plurality of subframes in a respective coding frame, and wherein said segmental signal-to-noise ratios of said subframes of a coding frame are then averaged for the entire coding frame to obtain said signal-to-noise ratio for said at least one audio signal frame.

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of determining for each audio signal frame of said audio signal, based on audio signal characteristics for a respective audio signal frame, whether said coding model or another coding model is to be employed, wherein said at least one control parameter comprises an indication of the audio signal frames for which said other coding model has been selected.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said coding model is a transform coding model and wherein said other coding model is an Algebraic Code-Excited Linear Prediction coding model.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein each audio signal frame of said audio signal has a length of 20 ms, wherein four consecutive audio signal frame, respectively, form a superframe, wherein said transform coding model allows the use of coding frame lengths of 20 ms, 40 ms and 80 ms, and wherein said coding frame length options for a audio signal frame are limited by the boundaries of the superframe to which said audio signal frame belongs.

8. The method according to claim 5, wherein each frame of said audio signal has a predetermined length and wherein said indication of the audio signal frames for which said other coding model has been selected is provided for a respective superframe.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein each audio signal frame of said audio signal has a predetermined length, and wherein said coding frame length options for a particular audio signal frame are limited by the boundaries of the superframe to which said audio signal frame belongs.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one control parameter comprises an indicator indicating whether a shorter or a longer coding frame length is to be employed, an indication that a shorter coding frame length is to be employed excluding at least a longest coding frame length option and an indication that a longer coding frame length is to be employed excluding at least a shortest coding frame length option.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one control parameter is determined for encoding of a frame of an audio signal in the superframe.

12. An apparatus comprising:

a processing component and a non-transitory software program product in which a software code is stored;

the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus for an encoding of a frame of an audio signal with a coding model that allows the use of different coding frame lengths to determine at least one control parameter based at least on signal characteristics of said audio signal and on the number of audio signal frames in a superframe selected to be coded with another coding model, each superframe comprising a predetermined number of audio signal frames;

the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to limit options of possible coding frame lengths for at least one audio signal frame by means of said at least one control parameter, said limitation resulting in one or more remaining options;

the software, executed by the processing component to cause the apparatus to select a coding frame length for said audio signal frame from said remaining options, in case more than one option of possible coding frame lengths remains after said limitation; and

the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to code, using at least one of said coding model and at least one other coding model in said superframe.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to encode said at least one audio signal frame with each of said remaining coding frame lengths in case more than one option of possible coding frame lengths remains after said limitation, to decode said encoded audio signal frames again with the respectively used coding frame, and to select for said at least one audio signal frame a coding frame length which results in the best decoded audio signal in said at least one audio signal frame.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to determine a coding frame length which results in the best decoded audio signal frame is determined by comparing a signal-to-noise ratio resulting for each of said coding frame lengths.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein for determining said signal-to-noise ratio of an audio signal obtained with a particular coding frame length, the software, executed by the processing component to cause the apparatus to determine first a segmental signal-to-noise ratio separately for a plurality of subframes in a respective coding frame, and to average said segmental signal-to-noise ratios of said subframes of a coding frame for the entire coding frame to obtain said signal-to-noise ratio for said at least one audio signal frame.

16. The apparatus according to claim 12, the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to determine at least for some frames of an audio signal, based on audio signal characteristics for a respective frame of said audio signal, whether said coding model or another coding model is to be employed, and to provide as one of said at least one control parameter an indication of the audio signal frames for which said other coding model has been selected.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein said coding model is a transform coding model and wherein said other coding model is an Algebraic Code-Excited Linear Prediction coding model.

18. An audio coding system comprising an apparatus according to claim 12 and a decoder for decoding audio signals which have been encoded with variable coding frame lengths.

19. The audio coding system according to claim 18 further comprising determination of at least one control parameter based at least partly on signal characteristics of said audio signal.

20. The audio coding system according to claim 18 further comprising limiting said options of possible coding frame lengths by means of said at least one control parameter.

21. The audio coding system according to claim 19, further comprising

in case more than one option of possible coding frame lengths remains after said limitation, encoding said at least one audio signal frame with each of said remaining transform coding frame lengths;

decoding said encoded audio signal frames with the respectively used transform coding frame length; and

selecting for said at least one audio signal frame a coding frame length which results in the best-decoded audio signal in said at least one audio signal frame.

22. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein each frame of said audio signal has a predetermined length and wherein the software executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to provide an indication of the audio signal frames for which said other coding model has been selected for a respective superframe comprising a predetermined number of said audio signal frames.

23. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein each frame of said audio signal has a predetermined length, and wherein the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to limit the coding frame length options for a particular audio signal frame based on the boundaries of the superframe to which said audio signal frame belongs.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein each frame of said audio signal has a length of 20 ms, wherein four consecutive frames, respectively, form a superframe, wherein said transform coding model allows the use of coding frame lengths of 20 ms, 40 ms and 80 ms, and the software executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to limit the coding frame length options for a audio signal frame based on the boundaries of the superframe to which said audio signal frame belongs.

25. The apparatus according to claim 12, the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to provide as one of said at least one control parameter an indicator indicating whether a shorter or a longer coding frame length is to be employed, an indication that a shorter coding frame length is to be employed excluding at least a longest coding frame length option and an indication that a longer coding frame length is to be employed excluding at least a shortest coding frame length option.

26. The apparatus according to claim 12, the software, executed by the processing component to determine the at least one control parameter for encoding of a frame of an audio signal in the superframe.

27. An electronic device comprising an apparatus, said apparatus comprising:

a processing component and a non-transitory software program product in which a software code is stored;

the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the electronic device for an encoding of a frame of an audio signal with a coding model that allows the use of different coding frame lengths to determine at least one control parameter based at least on signal characteristics of said audio signal and on the number of audio signal frames in a superframe selected to be coded with another coding model, each superframe comprising a predetermined number of audio signal frames;

the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the electronic device to limit options of possible coding frame lengths for at least one audio signal frame by means of said at least one control parameter, said limitation resulting in one or more remaining options;

the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the electronic device to select a coding frame length for said audio signal frame from said remaining options, in case more than one option of possible coding frame lengths remains after said limitation; and

the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the apparatus to code, using at least one of said coding model and at least one other coding model in said superframe.

28. The electronic device according to claim 27, wherein the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the electronic device to encode said at least one audio signal frame with each of said remaining coding frame lengths in case more than one option of possible coding frame lengths remains after said limitation, to decode said encoded audio signal frames again with the respectively used coding frame, and to select for said at least one audio signal frame a coding frame length which results in the best decoded audio signal in said at least one audio signal frame.

29. The electronic device according to claim 28, wherein the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the electronic device to determine a coding frame length which results in the best decoded audio signal frame is determined by comparing a signal-to-noise ratio resulting for each of said coding frame lengths.

30. The electronic device according to claim 29, wherein for determining said signal-to-noise ratio of an audio signal obtained with a particular coding frame length, the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the electronic device to determine first a segmental signal-to-noise ratio separately for a plurality of subframes in a respective coding frame, and to average said segmental signal-to-noise ratios of said subframes of a coding frame for the entire coding frame to obtain said signal-to-noise ratio for said at least one audio signal frame.

31. The electronic device according to claim 28, wherein the software, executed by the processing component, to cause the electronic device to determine at least for some frames of an audio signal, based on audio signal characteristics for a respective frame of said audio signal, whether said coding model or another coding model is to be employed, and to provide as one of said at least one control parameter an indication of the audio signal frames for which said other coding model has been selected.

32. The electronic device according to claim 31, wherein said coding model is a transform coding model and wherein said other coding model is an Algebraic Code-Excited Linear Prediction coding model.

33. The electronic device according to claim 28, wherein the electronic device is a server.

34. An apparatus comprising:

means, implemented at least partly in hardware, for determining for an encoding of a frame of an audio signal with a coding model that allows the use of different coding frame lengths at least one control parameter based at least on signal characteristics of said audio signal and on the number of audio signal frames in a superframe selected to be coded with another coding model, each superframe comprising a predetermined number of audio signal frame;

means, implemented at least partly in hardware, for limiting options of possible coding frame lengths for at least one audio signal frame by means of at least one control parameter provided by said means for determining at least one control parameter, said limitation resulting in one or more remaining options; and

means, implemented at least partly in hardware, for selecting a coding frame length for said audio signal frame from said remaining options, in case more than one option of possible coding frame lengths remains after said limitation; and

means for coding, using at least one of said coding model and at least one other coding model in said superframe.

35. A non-transitory software program product in which a software code is stored, said software code realizing the following when executed by a processing component of an encoder;

determining for an encoding of a frame of an audio signal with a coding model that allows the use of different coding frame lengths at least one control parameter based at least on signal characteristics of said audio signal and on the number of audio signal frames in a superframe selected to be coded with another coding model, each superframe comprising a predetermined number of audio signal frames;

limiting options of possible coding frame lengths for said at least one audio signal frame by means of said at least one control parameter said limitation resulting in one or more remaining options;

in case more than one option of possible coding frame lengths remains after said limitation, selecting a coding frame length for said audio signal frame from said limited options; and

coding, using at least one of said coding model and at least one other coding model in said superframe.